Chapter 1 American BeginningsExercises I. Explain the following:1. the meaning of being an American according to Crevecoeur2. American Indians3. Columbus discovery of America4. the Religious Reformation5. the first English permanent settlement in North America6. Puritanism7. the Pilgrim Fathers8. Quakerism9. William Penn10. the Declaration of Independence11. George Washington12. Thomas Jefferson13. Benjamin FranklinII. Fill in the blanks:1. In 1782, the Frenchman who settled in Pennsylvania first asked the question what is an American in his book_.2.The New World of America was peopled as a result of two long-continuing immigration movements, the first one from_ and the second from_ and _.3.American Indians had developed three brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arrived. These three civilization were _, _and_.4. Columbus discovered the New World in the year of_.5. The English king claimed the territory of North America based on the voyage of_.6._was the first to start the Religious Reformation and the next important leader of the Reformation was_.7.The first permanent settlement in North America was established in todays in the year of_.8.The crop _ that was transplanted from the West Indian saved Virginia.9.Lord Baltimore who set up the colony of _was_ in religion. 10.New England was founded by a group of religious believers called _while Pennsylvania was planted by_ who was a _ in religion.11.Two most important principles of the Holy Experiment were_and_.12._officially proclaimed the birth of a new American nation.13.Name two of the taxes imposed on North American colonies by the British Parliament on the eve of the American Revolution:_ and_.14. The institution that began to assume the function of a national government during the American Revolution was_.III. Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions:1. Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?A. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.B. American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.C. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.D. The American had the blood of the English and their descendants only.2. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?A. The growth of capitalism.B. The Renaissance.C. The Religious Reformation.D. The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.3. The following were the main Reformation leaders exceptA. Martin Luther.B. Martin Luther King.C. John Calvin.D. The English King Henry VIII.4. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism exceptA. challenging the authority of the Pope.B. salvation through faith.C. salvation through the church.D. establishing a direct contact with God.5. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A. separation of state and church. .B. respect of education.C. intolerant moralism.D. a sense of mission.6. Lord Baltimores feudal plan failed becauseA. there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B. the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C. there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D. the English king did not like the plan.7. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic exceptA. George Washington.B. Thomas Jefferson.C. William Penn.D. Benjamin Franklin.8. The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly fromA. George Washington.B. Thomas Jefferson.C. John Adams.D. John Locke.9. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?A. Catholics.B. Puritans.C. Quakers.D. Church of England.10. No taxation without representation was the rallying cry ofA. the settlers of Virginia.B. the people of Pennsylvania.C. the colonists in New England.D. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution.Questions for Thought1. What is an American? Comment on the answer to the question by Crevecoeur.2. How did modern development in Europe influence the settlement of North American colonies?3. What was the unique American. phenomenon ? Flow did it come into being? Do you think it still exists in today American society?4. In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?5. How is it that American development was characterized with capitalism from the very beginning? Why do you think thefeudal system failed in early America?6. Comment on the Holy Experiment by William Penn.7. What were some of the causes of the American Revolution? Explain the Declaration of Independence.KEY TO