最新英美概况练习参考答案（本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题）=PART TWO The United StatesChapter Eight The LandP. 209210I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. the Star-Spangled Banner, Defense of Fort McHenry, 1812.2. the Stars and the Stripes, Old Glory, the Star-Spangled Banner.3. The White House, The Capitol, The Pentagon.4. June, 14th, June 14th.5. the Potomac, no state, the Federal government.6. 36, 36 states.7. Amerigo Vespucci, American War of Independence.8. Pierre LEnfant, light, service.II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A B C D 5. C DIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T IV Answer the following questions. 1. (1) At first the Continent was named as “America” after explorer Amerigo Vespucci. (2) During the American War of Independence, the former British colonies first used “the thirteen united States of America” in the Declaration of Independence.(3) The official name of America was adopted on November 15, 1777, when the Second Continental Congress passed the Articles of Confederation.2. The 50 stars represent the 50 States, while the 13 stripes represent the original thirteen colonies. White indicates purity and innocence; red indicates valour and bravery, and blue symbolizes vigilance, perseverance and justice; it is also a symbol of respect to God.3. The stars and strips have different meanings. Each star represents each state in America, while strips represent the original thirteencolonies before the independence of America.4. (1) The lyrics of the national anthem come from “Defense of Fort McHenry”, a poem written during the War of 1812. The poem was set to the tune of a popular British drinking song, “The AnacreonticSong” (or “To Anacreon in Heaven”). (2) The Star-Spangled Banner was used officially by the Navy in 1889, and was made the national anthem by congress on March 3, 1931, which was signed by President Herbert Hoover. 5. The White House was built in1792 and its original color was grey. During the War of 1812, it was badly damaged by the British troops, and in 1814 it was repainted white. President Roosevelt named it “White House” in the 1940s.P. 213I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. the central part of, Mexico and Gulf of Mexico, east, west. 2. 48, Hawaii, Alaska.3. the Rio Grande, Pacific.4. 9,629,091, the third, Canada.5. Alaska, Texas.6. Arctic, glaciers.II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F III Answer the following questions.1. (1) The Atlantic coast, the Pacific coast and Hawaii provide convenient sea routes for foreign trade. (2) The long coastline with many harbors and inlets provides favorable conditions for foreign trade and the fishing industry. (3) Mainland America, mainly within the northern temperate zone, is favorable for agriculture. 2. The U.S. and Canada share the “worlds longest undefended border.” The border was demilitarized after the War of 1812 and has remained peaceful. Military collaboration began during World War II and continued throughout the Cold War on both a bilateral basis and a multilateral relationship through NATO. Both countries are NATO members and have high military interdependency, in particular, during the Cold War against Soviet threat.Today Canadians and Americans are in close cultural proximity, sharing the same language, similar religion and political systems as well as many values.Their economic relations are so close (they have been each others No. 1 trading partner for years) that the two countries have established the North American Free Trade Agreement, the worlds largest free-trade zone. Both enjoy the most developed and richest economies in the world as well as a comparable standard of living (Canadas welfare system is even more comprehensive and covers more widely). To guard the over 8000-kilometer long land border is not only expensive but also unnecessary (in a sense, impossible, because it is too long), because neither people worry that their neighbors would cross the border on a large scale or stay in their country for a long time. 3. The border between the U.S. and Mexico is heavily guarded (mostly on the American side) against illegal immigrants entering the U.S. while people can enter Mexico freely. The cause is mostly economic rather than political. There is a huge disparity in the standard of living between the U.S. and Mexico whose per capita GDP is only about 20% that of the U.S. (2012 World Bank statistics). It is estimated six out of the eleven million illegal immigrants living in the U.S. are Mexicans, and millions more plan to enter the U.S. They try to benefit from the American business or job opportunities or from the American welfare