懂你英语Lv4-Unit-3L4 Unit 31 listening 时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends. The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer who works for a company. As Emmas graph shows， the biggest portion of her day is spent working。 She works an average of 8 hours a day， which is one third of her day. She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. Thats less sleep than Martin gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29 of his day. On the other hand， Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does。 Martine average 9 hours a day at work compare to Emmas 8。 Thats 37.5% compare to 33%。 Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work. Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills。 As you can see， for Martin， commuting is taking a large amount of his time。 If he could reduce his commute time, he will have more time for other things。 And it isnt just the time. When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful. It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week。 He life will be more enjoyable. And we look at Emmas graph, we see she probably needs more sleep. Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends. On the other hand, socializing with her friend is something she really values。 As for putting on makeup， she isnt willing to change that. For her， exercising， socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work。 In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day。 This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants。 Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago. They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job. As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25% of the applicants. However, other factors are also important。 The second most important factor was the work environment. In other words, for many， money is everything。 People want to like where they work。 In fact， if we combine working environment and coworkers, the total is 35. This is well above the 25 for salary and benefits。 Taking together, they are more important than salary and benefits. Career path is also important especially for younger applicants. They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career。 For older workers, this may not be as important. Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work。 What do you think。 L4 Unit 31 vocabulary 领土、军事、政治、政权状态The government of a country is a control system。 Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens. The land over which a government has controlled， is its territory. A countrys territory has boundaries or borders. When you leave or enter a countrys territory， you usually need a passport。 A countrys military provides defense for its territory and its citizens. The military includes an army, an air force and a navy。 The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack。 A countrys criminal justice system includes the police， courts and prisons. Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities。 A country social services system provides support to people in need。 It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children. Anarchy n.混乱；无政府状态；无秩序 autocracy n。独裁;独裁统治；独裁政府；独裁政体Oligarchy n.寡头统治的政府；寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家A state of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government. In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws。 An autocracy is the simplest form of government. In an autocracy， the government is controlled by single individual， known as autocrat. Whether or not an autocracy is successful， depends on the character and ability of the leader. In an oligarchy， a small group of people controls the government. Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power. In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens。 The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution. A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow。 This limits the power of a government. A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens. L4 Unit 3-1 dialogue 谈论工作I hear you lost your job， is that right？Yes， thats right. I quit. I quit because the way my boss treats people. What happen。 I wasnt feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told him not to yell at me, he threatened me。 Is that all。 Thats what bosses do。Sure， sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it。 It was the less *The last str ?Yes, it reached the point where I couldnt take it anymore。 I see