【英语】高二英语专题汇编阅读理解(社会文化)(一)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读理解 I travel a lot, and I find out different styles(风格)of directions every time I ask How can I get to the post office? Foreign tourists are often confused(困惑的)in Japan because most streets there dont have names. In Japan, people use landmarks(地标)in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop. In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat. In many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile. People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map. They measure distance in time, not miles. How far away is the post office? you ask. Oh, they answer, its about five minutes from here. You say, Yes, but how many miles is it? They dont know. Its true that a person doesnt know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, Sorry, I have no idea. But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers I dont know. People in Yucatan believe that I dont know is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!（1）When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place, they usually _. A.describe the place carefullyB.show him a map of the placeC.tell him the names of the streetsD.refer to recognizable buildings and places（2）What is the place where people measure distance in time? A.New York.B.Los Angles.C.KansasD.Lowa.（3）People inYucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer _. A.in order to save timeB.as a testC.so as to be politeD.for fun（4）What can we infer from the text? A.Its important for travelers to understand cultural differences.B.Its useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.C.People have similar understanding of politeness.D.New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者围绕不同国家回答问路的风格，介绍了不同国度的不同文化。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Foreign tourists are often confused（困惑的）in Japan because most streets there dont have names. In Japan, people use landmarks（地标）in their directions instead of street names.”可知在日本通常是用地标指路。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map; they measure distance in time, not miles.”可知，在洛杉矶用走一段路用多少时间来指路。故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answersI dont know.People in Yucatan believe that I dont know is impolite.”可推断，因尤卡坦人可能会给游客一个错误的答案的目的是为了礼貌。故选C。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“I find out different styles of directions every time I ask How can I get to the post office? 以及下文举例说明可知，作者围绕回答问路的风格，介绍了不同国度的不同文化。因此推断作者说明了对旅行者来说了解不同地方的文化差异很重要。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 There are lots of ways to educate yourself on the Internet. You can find photos, documents, and films on almost any topic you can imagine. And at www.ted.com, you can access lectures by artists, scholars, designers, technicians and others. TED began in 1984 as a conference that brought together individuals from the fields of technology, entertainment and design. It was intended to be a one-time event focusing on technology and design. The event ended up losing money, and it was six years before the founders tried it again. This time it worked, and since 1990, the TED conference has been an annual event. There are now two held every year, with topics as diverse as music, medicine, and money. Other specialized spin-off conferences address narrower issues. The TED website came from a desire to share the conferences with the world, to offer free knowledge from the worlds most inspired thinkers, as the website puts it. The current version of the site was launched in April 2007, and contains videos of talks given at the TED conferences around the world. The talks are transcribed into hundreds of languages. The TED website is owned by the Sapling Foundation, a non profit devoted to fostering the spread of great ideas. The Sapling foundation acquired TED in 2001. Since then, it has been focusing on using TED to broadcast ideas that might change the world. TED, of course, isnt immune to criticism. Its been called elitist(精英) for its high ticket prices (more than 6,000 dollars total). Its been accused by a few people of censorship for not publishing their talks. One controversial speaker was upset about being criticized by the conferences host afterward. The comp