短文改错考点分析与练习实验中学 谢冬梅Step 1:Leading in 考点考法顺口溜A Doggerel介冠连符号to，可能增加和删除；增加人称和物主 ，可能删除副和助。动词形，名词数，代冠介数连词性误，常用词，要辨析，还有其他比较级。Step 2:Analyzing the test points1. 八种情况，可能增删(6增6减)连、冠、介， (不定式)符号to，可能增加和删除；增加人称(代词)和物主(代词) ，可能删除副和助。(1)连冠介，符号to，可能增加和删除。 连词：(2014全国卷)Alhough we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year,but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.(2013全国卷)He had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. 冠词：(2014全国卷) My dream school looks like a big garden.There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.(2010大纲卷)Last year，she decided to study abroad.In other words,we would be separated for long time. 介词：(2009大纲卷)Im sorry that I wasnt able to return to your bike on time yesterday.(2010大纲卷)From then on,weve kept touch with each other through e-mails. 符号to：(2012课标卷) I could make my toys to last. Li Ming came see me every month. (2) 增加人称代词和物主代词。人称代词：(2016全国卷)At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.物主代词：(2012大纲卷)Im writing to tell you opinion about water saving.(3) 可能删除副词和助动词。副词：(2017全国卷)I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. 助动词：(2015全国卷) Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.(变被动为主动) 注：需要增删的8个考点也可这样记：介连冠，符号to，人称物主和副助。2. 十一情况，考虑修改动词形，名词数，连、冠、介、代、数，再加词性误；常用词，要辨析，还有其他比较级。(1) 动词形，名词数。动词形：无论是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，动词错误就是原形、一般现在时、第三人称单数形式、一般过去时、现在分词、过去分词、动名词等动词形式的错误。如： (2013全国卷)She used to hold me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away.(2013全国卷)Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles.He is quite pleasing with the desigh of the dress.名词数：主要考查单复数的错误。如：We write to each other all the times.(2011全国课标卷)When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes.(2)连冠介代数，再加词性误。连词：(2015全国I卷) In the countryside, the air is clean or the mountains are green. 冠词：We may be one family and live under a same roof.介词：He called on Jenny on the hope of getting help from her. 代词：(2011年大纲I卷) Nang is a special kind of cake in Xinjiang. I like them very much. 数词：(2017全国卷)In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.词性误：考得最多的是形容词与副词的混用。如：If you are a driver, youd better be more carefully when you are driving.(2016全国卷) My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. (2013全国II卷) Interesting, it had a connection to the British porcelain (瓷器) industry. (3) 常用词，要辨析。(2016全国卷) It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.(4) 还有其他比较级。其他：主要指anything与everything, somewhere与everywhere等。如：(2014全国卷)Since thenfor all these yearswe have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As a result, the plants are growing somewhere.(2013全国卷)She is just a distant memory for me now. I remember my grandfather very much.比较等级：指形容词和副词的原级、比较级、最高级之间的误用。如：(2016全国卷) They were also the best and worse years in my life.(2012课标卷) I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. (2009大纲卷) The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop across the street from our middle school are gone.Step 3:PracticeLiving without an aim is like sailing without compass. If there is no aim in our lives, we will get lose. Last term, I couldnt accept the truth which I failed in my math examination. I decided to give it up, so I skipped from classes frequently. Considered my case, my teacher offered me several detailed approach and advised me to set a short-term goal to improve my math. Finally, I work harder than ever and made great progress in her math. In my opinion, success lies in a series of goals. However, we should remember to make our targets clearly and spare no effort to realize our dreams.Step 4:Homework1.Review the lesson after class and remember the test points.2.Finish Ex1 and2 on Page 139.