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八下 Unit 7 知识点 新课堂一、重点短语1. the population of China 中国的人口 2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一3. feel free to do sth.随意地做某事4. as far as I know据我所知 as you can see,.正如你所看见的,5. mountain climbing/ climbing mountains 登山运动 6, live up to 活至 U7.higher than any other mountain比其他任何一座山高8. of all 在所有的 .中9. run along 绵延,横亘10. another 200 or so 还有大约 200 左右11,one of the world s most dangerous sports 最危险的运动之12,one of the most popular places 最受欢迎的地方之一13,risk their lives 冒着他们的生命危险14. challenge oneself 挑战自我 challenge ourselves 15, in the face of difficulties 面临困难16, take in air 呼吸空气17. the first people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人18. achieve one s dream 实现某人的梦想= make one s dream come true19. the forces of nature 自然界的力量20. reach the top 到达顶峰21. even though 虽然 ;尽管22. at birth 在出生的时候 23. be awake 醒着24. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去25. walk into sb.撞到某人 26.die from死于 27. fall over 被绊倒 fall over the chair 被椅子绊倒、28. take care of 照顾 ; 照料29. every two years 每两年30. cut down the forests 砍伐林木31. endangered animals 濒危动物32. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少33. be in danger 处于危险之中 34. the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性35,wild animals 野生动物 sea life 海洋生物36.water pollution 水污染,37.only live for a short time because of illnesses 由于疾病仅活很短的时间38.,make more homes for the pandas 为大熊猫建造更多的家园 439.stop putting rubbish into the sea 停止往大海里丢垃圾40 , protectfrom保护免于的伤害 protect children from catching a cold.保护孩子免于感冒41 , in the remaining forests 在剩下的森林里二、重点句型1. It is -adj. + (fo r sb. ) to do sth.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近山顶时,连呼吸都会困难。2 is because. One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。3 show(s) that. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们证明:我们永远都不应 该放弃实现自己的梦想。4,表达事物的长,宽,高,深? sth. /sb. +be+数量+单位+形容词long, wide, tall, deep。如, The river is 2 meters deep. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters high.long-length (n. 长度 ) wide-width (n. 宽度 ) deep-depth(n. 深度 ) highheight(n. 高度)the length/depth/ width/height/size of sth.的k度,深度,宽度,高度,面积5,问事物的高,深,宽,长? How high/ deep/tall/ wide/ long/ is . ? 问重量用 How heavy be+sth,/sb.? How high is Qomolangma? 珠穆朗玛峰有多高?三语法讲解1. , The first Chinese team did so in1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei.1 ) while,此处是“而,然而,”轻微对比。不是“当-时候”,用在句中,前面有逗号。2 ) succeed. V. 成功 succeed in doing sth. He succeeded in finishing the work.success n. “成功”不可数,Confidence is the key to success. 自信是成功的关键。success n.“成功的人,物“ He is a great success他是一个很成功的人。successful, adj. 成功的, successfully, 成功地2, Adult pandas spend more than12 hours a day eating 10 kilos of bamboo.Bamboo 做“竹子做的食物”或“竹子制品”不可数, bamboo chair; 但做植物讲时可数。1) sb. spend + time/ money + on sth. / in doing sth.2) sb. pay +money +for sth. 某人为某物支付多少钱3) It takes sb + time+ to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做4) sth + cost +money 某物值多少钱。3, Canada is a lot less crowded than China. 加拿大不及中国拥挤很多。less+adj+than 不及比较:Joseph is less honest than his brother. 约瑟夫不像他兄弟那样诚实。less than (中间不加任何词)“少于” There are less than 30 girls in my class. 我们班不足 30 个女生。more than (中间不加任何词)“超过,多于,相当于over”There are more than 30 girls in my class. 我们班有超过30 个女生。四形容词、副词(一) 形容词比较级和最高级的构成:1 规则变化( 1 )一般情况,直接在词尾加er est 。2 2) 以不发音的字母e 结尾时,加r st 。(3)以 “辅音字母 +y ”结尾时,把y 变为 i ,再加 er est 。(4) 4) 部分形容词,先双写最后一个辅音字母,再加er est 。 big , hot, fat , thin , red ,(5) 部分形容词,在前面加more most 。 beautiful , careful , important , delicious , difficult , dangerous(6) 以 ly 结尾的形容词,在前面加more most 。 friendly( 友好的 ) , lonely (孤独的) , lovely (可爱的)Likely (有希望的) , daily (日常的) , lively (有生气的)2. 不规则变化good well - better- bestmany much - more- mostbad ill - worse - worstlittle - less - leastfar -farther ( 较远的 ) further ( 进一步的) -farthest ( 最远的) furthest (最大程度的)old -older( 年纪较大的 ) elder (年纪最大的)-oldest (较年长的) eldest (最年长的)(二 ) 形容词原级的用法:1 说明人或事物自身的性质、特征或状态时用形容词原形。The flowers in the garden are beautiful . 花园里的花很漂亮。2 . 有表示程度的副词 very , so , too, enough , quite 等修饰时,用形容词原形。The boy is too young . 这个男孩的年纪太小了。3 .表示 A 与 B 在某方面程度相同或不同时,用形容词原形。肯定句: A + 动词 + as + 形容词原形+ as + B 。Xiao Ming is as tall as Jim . 小明和吉姆一样高。否定句: A + 动词 + not as so+ 形容词原形+ as + B 。I am not so careful as Lucy . 我没有露西细心。否定句的结构相当于A + 动词 + less + 形容词原形+ than + B 。He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English .(三)、形容词比较级的用法:1表示两者进行比较时,用形容词比较级: A + 动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + BLily s room is biegrgthan mine . 莉莉的房间比我的大。2 有表示程度的副词 a little , a bit , a few , a lot , much , even , still ,Far , rather , any 等修饰时,用形容词比较级。I feel even worse now . 我现在感觉更糟糕了。3. 表示两者之间 “哪一个更、 ”: which who is +形容词比较级, A or B ?Who is taller , Li Ming or Wang Tao ? 谁更高 , 李明还是王涛。4表示 “两者之间较、的一个”,常用“the +比较级”结构。Mary is the taller of the twins . 玛丽是双胞胎中较高的那个。6. 表示 “越来越、 ”时,用比较级重叠结构,即 “比较级 +and + 比较级
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