资源预览内容
第1页 / 共6页
第2页 / 共6页
第3页 / 共6页
第4页 / 共6页
第5页 / 共6页
第6页 / 共6页
亲,该文档总共6页全部预览完了,如果喜欢就下载吧!
资源描述
虚 拟 语 气 1)概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。 2)在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。1真实条件句 真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中if是如果的意思。 句型:条件从句 主句 一般现在时shall/will+动词原形 Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin. 典型例题 Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_. A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。 注意: 1)在真实条件句中,主句不能用begoingto表示将来,该用shall,will. (错)Ifyouleavenow,youarenevergoingtoregretit. (对)Ifyouleavenow,youwillneverregretit. 2)表示真理时,主句谓语动词便不用shall(will)+动词原形,而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。2非真实条件句 1)时态:可以表示过去,现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。 a.同现在事实相反的假设。 句型:条件从句主句 一般过去时should(would)+动词原形 Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou. b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。 句型:条件从句主句 过去完成时should(would)have+过去分词 Ifshehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded. Thericewouldnothavebeenburntifyouhadbeenmorecareful. IfmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing. Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit. 含义:Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdidnottellhimaboutit. Ifhehadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses,hewouldhavemadegreaterprogress. 含义:Hewasillandmissedmanylessons,sohedidnotmakegreaterprogress. c.表示对将来的假想 句型:条件从句主句 一般过去时should+动词原形 were+不定式would+动词原形 should+动词原形 Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright. Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright. Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.3混合条件句 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主,从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。 Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow. (从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。) Ifithadrainedlastnight(过去),itwouldbeverycoldtoday(现在).4虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were,should,或had,可将if省略,再把were,should或had移到从句句首,实行倒装。 Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus. =Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus. Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim =Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim. Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved. =Wereittorain,thecropswouldbesaved. 注意: 在虚拟语气的从句中,动词be的过去时态一律用were,不用was,即在从句中be用were代替。 IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim. 如果我是你,就会去找他。 Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright. 如果他在这儿,一切都会好的。 典型例题 _todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday. A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI 答案C.在虚拟条件状语中如果有were,should,had这三个词,通常将if省略,主语提前,变成were,should,had+主语的形式。但要注意,在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说WereInottodo.,而不能说WerentItodo.5wish的用法 1)用于wish后面的从句,表示与事实相反的情况,或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为: 真实状况 wish后 从句动作先于主句动词动作 现在时 过去时 (be的过去式为were) 从句动作与主句动作同时发生 过去时 过去完成时 (had+过去分词) 将来不大可能实现的愿望 将来时 would/could+动词原形 IwishIwereastallasyou.我希望和你一样高。 Hewishedhehadntsaidthat.他希望他没讲那样的话。 Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.我希望明天下雨就好了。 2)Wishtodo表达法。 Wishsb/sthtodo Iwishtoseethemanager.=Iwanttoseethemanager. Iwishthemanagertobeinformedatonce.(=Iwantthemanagertobeinformedatonce.) 二. 补充完整下面虚拟语气的句子,(注意区分主句与从句的位置变化) 1. Id be a millionaire if _ 2. If I had more free time. _ 3. If I were you . _ 4. She would buy that if _ 5. If my house were on fire. _ 6. Id travel around the world if _ 7. If I could change one thing about my life. _ 8. I wouldnt do that if _ 9. If I could make three wishes. _ 10. I would be a better student if _三. 根据不同情境,首先判断这个情景是真实可能发生的,还是虚拟的,然后填空。 Situation A EXAMPLE : Gao is a doctor , but if he were (be)a truck driver, he would have (have)very different skills.(Gao不可能是个卡车司机,因此这个情境是虚拟的) 2. Gaos wife is a doctor , too , but she is planning to change her career . If she _ (change)her career , she _ (study)to become a lawyer. Situation B 3. Antonieta is Brazilian , but she has lived in the United States and New Zealand , so shespeaks excellent English . If she _ (stay)in Brazil , her English _ (not)(be)so good. 4. However , Antonieta _ (speak)French too if she _ (move)to France next year. Situation C5. Marys car is old . If it _(break down), she _ (buy)a new one.6. Because Mary has a car , she has driven to school every day this term . But if she _ (not)(have)a car , she _ (take)the bus. Situation D 7. Marcia has applied to gradua
网站客服QQ:2055934822
金锄头文库版权所有
经营许可证:蜀ICP备13022795号 | 川公网安备 51140202000112号