添加剂与铝合金的相互作用研究：静态反应膜和润滑机制的FTIR 摘要：本研究利用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术研究添加剂在铝合金表面的静态反应膜形成过程以及润滑机制。实验结果表明，添加剂对铝合金表面的反应膜形成具有显著影响。添加剂表现出一定的表面催化活性，最终形成具有良好润滑性质的反应膜。此外，添加剂对反应膜的结构和组成也具有一定的影响。本研究可为铝合金表面加工和润滑添加剂的研发提供参考和借鉴价值。关键词：添加剂，铝合金，静态反应膜，傅里叶变换红外光谱技术，润滑机制Introduction铝合金作为一种重要的工程材料，广泛应用于核电站、飞机、船舶、汽车等领域。由于其较高的强度、轻量化、耐腐蚀等特性，铝合金已成为代替钢铁等传统材料的主流选择。在铝合金表面加工和润滑过程中，添加剂作为一种重要的功能材料，用于改善铝合金表面状况和润滑性能。与此同时，添加剂也对铝合金表面的结构和组成产生一定的影响。静态反应膜是添加剂和金属表面相互作用的产物。其形成和稳定性对于铝合金的润滑和腐蚀抵抗能力有着重要的影响。本研究利用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术，研究了添加剂在铝合金表面的静态反应膜形成过程以及润滑机制。Experimental实验使用了含有不同添加剂的润滑油液，并将其涂覆在铝合金表面。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术，对样品进行扫描，并对光谱数据进行处理和分析。同时，进行了涂层表面观察和化学成分分析。Results and Discussion实验结果表明，添加剂在铝合金表面具有显著的表面催化活性。添加剂能够催化铝合金表面氧化反应的进行，形成一层较为稳定的静态反应膜。在反应膜的形成过程中，添加剂与氧化铝、氧化铝合成物等化合物相互作用，最终形成具有良好润滑性质的反应膜。这一过程与添加剂的类型和含量、表面活性等因素密切相关。添加剂对反应膜的结构和组成也具有一定的影响。在反应膜中，添加剂与铝原子和氧化铝原子结合生成新化合物，并进一步形成薄膜。该薄膜具有良好的润滑性质和较高的化学稳定性。同时，添加剂还能吸附在反应膜表面，形成一层保护层，进一步增强了反应膜的润滑和保护效果。这一过程可解释为添加剂在铝合金表面形成的静态反应膜的润滑机制。Conclusion本研究通过傅里叶变换红外光谱技术，对添加剂在铝合金表面的静态反应膜形成过程以及润滑机制进行了研究。实验结果表明，添加剂对铝合金表面的反应膜形成具有显著影响，展现出一定的表面催化活性，最终形成具有良好润滑性质的反应膜。此外，添加剂对反应膜的结构和组成也具有一定的影响。本研究可为铝合金表面加工和润滑添加剂的研发提供参考和借鉴价值。In recent years, the demand for lightweight materials has increased significantly in various industries, including aerospace, automotive, and nuclear. Aluminum and its alloys are an attractive choice due to their low density and excellent mechanical properties. However, the surface of aluminum alloys is vulnerable to corrosion, which can compromise their structural integrity and reduce their service life. Therefore, surface treatment and lubrication are necessary to enhance the performance and longevity of aluminum alloys.Additives are commonly used in lubricants to improve the performance of metal surfaces. The mechanism of their action is based on the formation of a reactive film on the surface that can provide protection against wear and corrosion. The formation of this reactive film is the result of a complex interaction between the additive and the metal surface, which can be influenced by various factors such as the type and concentration of the additive, the surface morphology of the metal, and the environmental conditions. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of this interaction is crucial for the development of effective lubricants for aluminum alloys.In this study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to investigate the static reactive film formation process of additives on aluminum alloy surfaces and the lubrication mechanism. FTIR is a powerful analytical technique that can provide information on the chemical composition and structure of materials. It works by measuring the absorption or transmission of infrared radiation by a sample, which corresponds to the vibrations and rotations of the molecules.The results of the experiment confirmed that additives have a significant surface catalytic activity on aluminum alloy surfaces. The additives can catalyze the oxidation reaction of the aluminum alloy surface, resulting in the formation of a relatively stable static reactive film. During the formation of the reactive film, the additives interact with compounds such as aluminum oxide and aluminum oxide composites to form a film with good lubricating properties. This process is closely related to factors such as the type and concentration of the additive and surface activity.The reaction between the additive and the aluminum surface is a complex process involving several steps. First, the additive is adsorbed on the surface of the aluminum alloy to create a condensed layer that can change the surface energy and reactivity. The reactive groups on the adsorbed layer can initiate the reaction with the oxygen molecules in the environment, leading to the formation of chemisorbed intermediates. These intermediates can further react with aluminum atoms, forming new inorganic compounds and organic fragments. Finally, the reaction products accumulate and form a stable reactive film with good lubricating and anti-corrosion properties.The reactive film formed by the addition of additives to aluminum surfaces contains various chemical components with unique functional groups. For instance, the film may contain metal sulfides, organic phosphates, and fatty acids, all of which have good lubricating properties. The film behaves like a barrier against frictional forces and prevents direct metal-to-metal contact, reducing wear and abrasion. The film layers formed by additives can reach nanoscale thickness and can be self-renewed and self-healing, resulting in long-lasting lubricating effects.The surface morphology and composition of the reactive film are not only dependent on the chemical nature of the additives but also on the processing conditions of the aluminum alloy. For instance, the presence of contaminants, such as oil and grease residues, can significantly alter the formation and composition of the reactive film. Therefore, it is essential to carry out