2022高考英语 词汇考查+题型练 Unit 3 Life in the future（含解析）新人教版必修5 一、词汇复习（一）单句语法填空1(2015浙江杭州地区七校模拟改编)When you phoned me, I was having a meeting; how I wish I _(answer) your call. 答案：had answered句意为：当你给我打电话的时候，我正在开会。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的电话。wish后的从句中用虚拟语气，根据句意可知是对过去情况的虚拟，所以谓语动词用had done形式。2(2015湖南怀化质检改编)Had it not been for my teachers help, I wouldnt_(win)the first place in contest. 答案：have won条件从句中的谓语动词用“had过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用“should/would/could/mighthave done”。根据句意答案为have won。3(2014湖南，22改编)If Mr.Dewey _(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there. 答案：had been句意为：如果杜威先生在场的话，他就会为那里的人提供任何可能的帮助。从主句中的would have offered可以看出，从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故应用过去完成时。4(2014甘肃天水一中段考改编)John wants to see me now, but I have so much work on hand that I would rather he _(e) tomorrow than today. 答案：camewould rather后面接从句时，从句中的谓语动词通常要用一般过去时，表示对现在或将来的假设。5(2012陕西，17改编)If my car_(be)more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. 答案：had been句意为：如果我的车更可靠点儿的话，我去年夏天就会开车去拉萨，而不是坐飞机去了。根据语境可知，此处是对过去事实的虚拟，故if条件句用过去完成时，主句谓语用“would/could/might/shouldhave过去分词”。（二）英汉互译144.aspect n. _145.impression n. _146.take up _147.constant adj. _148.constantly adv. _149.jet n. _150.jet lag _151.flashback n. _152.previous adj. _153.uncertain adj. _154.guide n. vt. _155.tablet n. _156.expertise n. _157.capsule n. _158.steward n. _159.stewardess n. _160.opening n. _161.sideways adv. _162.surrounding n. adj. _163.tolerate vt_. 164.bination n. _165.lack vi. & vt. n. _166.adjustment n. _ 167.mask n. _168.be back on ones feet _169.hover vi. _170.carriage n. _171.press vi. & vt. n. _172.fasten vt. _173.belt n. _174.safety belt _175.lose sight of_176.sweep up _177.flash vt. & vi. _178.switch n. vt. _179.timetable n. _180.exhausted adj. _181.slide into _182.optimistic adj. _183.pessimistic adj. _184.speed up _185.pedal n. _186.alien n. adj. _187.mud n. _188.desert n. _189.enormous adj. _190.imitate vt. _191.moveable adj. _192.citizen n. _193.typist n. _194.typewriter n. _195.postage n. _196.postcode n. _197.button n. _198.instant n. adj. _ 199.receiver n. _200.efficiency n. _201.efficient adj. _202.ribbon n. _203.dustbin n. _204.dispose vt. _205.disposal n. _206.ecology n. _207.greedy adj. _208.swallow vt. _209.material n. _210.recycle vt. _211.manufacture vt. _212.goods n. _213.etc abbr. _214.representative n. adj. _ 215.settlement n_216.motivation n. _二、阅读理解APollutions great effects on the environment have bee more obvious in recent years, leading to a movement to promote energy efficiency（效率）,less reliance on fossil（化石) fuels, and a reduction in air and water pollution. Most scientists agree that such changes are necessary to protect our environment from further harm.The construction industry consumes a large quantity of energy and resources and creates a huge amount of pollution. In the United States, building and development account for 39% of the countrys total energy use, 12% of total water consumption,68% of total electricity consumption and 38% of carbon dioxide emissions（二氧化碳排放）, according to the Environment Protection Agency.Green buildings use less energy, water, create less waste, and are healthier to live, work, and go to school in than standard buildings. Builders of green buildings use techniques that use resources more efficiently during the entire building cycleconstruction, restoration, operation, maintenance（维护）and demolition（拆毁）than those who construct more regular buildings.The environmental benefits of building green include the protection of ecosystems（生态系统）and biodiversity, improved air and water quality, less waste flowing into streams, and the protection of natural resources. Green buildings can also result in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and improve indoor air quality, improving the health of people who live in such buildings.The process of building green includes technical and artistic planning with nature protection i