明辨词义猜测题A(2017甘肃重点中学协作体联考) Usually，when your teacher asks a question，there is only one correct answer.But there is one question that has millions of current answers.That question is “Whats your name？” Everyone gives a different answer，but everyone is correct.Have you ever wondered about peoples names？Where do they come from？What do they mean?Peoples first names，or given names，are chosen by their parents.Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other members of the family is used.Some parents choose the name of a wellknown person.A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.Some people give their children names that mean good things.Clara means “bright”； Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”； Donald means “the world ruler”； Leonard means “as brave as a lion”The earliest last names，or surnames，were taken from place names.A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a brook(小溪)；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long，paved road.The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.Other early surnames came from peoples occupations.The most common occupational name is Smith，which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals.In the past，smiths were very important workers in every town and village.Some other occupational names are：Cartera person who owned or drove a cart; Pottera person who made pots and pans.The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village.The Carpenters greatgreatgreatgrandfather probably built houses and furniture.Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin，or their size，or their special abilities.When there were two men who were named John in the same village，the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray.Or the John who was very tall could call himself John Tallman.John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.Some family names were made by adding something to the fathers name.Englishspeaking people added s or son.The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts familys ancestor was Robert.Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or OPerhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the ODonnells are descendants of the same Donnell.语篇解读：一些人的名字来源于名人，有的人的名字跟他们住的地方有关，还有的跟他们祖先从事的职业有关。甚至我们还能从名字上知道一个人头发的颜色、身高特征等。1Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?APlaces where people lived.BPeoples characters.CTalents that people possessed.DPeoples occupations.解析考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“The earliest last names，or surnames，were taken from place names”可知文中提到了A项；根据第四段中的“Sometimes people were known.special abilities”可知文中提到了C项；根据第三段中的“Other early surnames came from peoples occupations”可知文中也提到了D项。B选项说人们的名字来源于性格，这个没有说到。故选B。答案B2According to the passage，the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _.Aowned or drove a cartBmade things with metalsCmade kitchen tools or containersDbuilt houses and furniture解析考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Pottera person who made pots and pans”可知，Potter这个姓的人是制作锅碗瓢盆的。由此我们猜测Potter这个家族的祖先也许是制作厨房的工具或容器的。故选C。答案C3Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their newborn son to become a world leader，the baby might be named _.ABeatrice Smith BLeonard CarterCGeorge Longstreet DDonald Greenwood解析考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“Donald means the world ruler”和第三段中的“The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest”可知，这个孩子的名字可能是Donald Greenwood。故选D。 答案D4Whats the meaning of the underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph?ALater generations.BFriends and relatives.CColleagues and partners.DLater sponsors.解析考查词义猜测。根据最后一段的前两句话可知，有些人的名字是在他们父亲的名字上加上一些东西，如Johnsons是John的后代。由此可以猜测出descendant的意思是“后代”。故选A。答案AB(2017辽宁铁岭市高三协作体联考) “BANG！” the door caused a reverberation (回声)It was just standing there，with my father standing on one side，and me on the other side.We were both in great anger.“Never set foot in this house again！” stormed my father.With tears welling up in my eyes，I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street.The street lights were shining，causing rather sad feelings.I wandered aimlessly.A young father who held a child in his arms walked past me.I felt as if I saw my childhood from another space: happy and carefree.But now.I dont know whether it is because I have grown up or because my dad is getting old.We differ in our ways of thinking.We are just like two people coming from two different worlds.It feels like there is an iron door between us that can never be opened.I wandered the streets，without a destination in mind.My_heart_was_frozen_on_this_hot_summer_night. As I walked on，there were fewer and fewer people in the streets，until I had only the street lights to keep me company.When I finally reached the highrise apartmen