2022年考博英语-湖南农业大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about _ compliments to his political leaders.问题1选项A.payingB.having paidC.to payD.to have paid【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：马林是一个有独立思考能力的年轻人，他对他的政治领袖阿谀奉承。根据固定搭配“be about to do”，排除A，B选项。句子中的时态用的是现在时，所以后面的句子没有必要用完成时。2. 单选题In spite of the（ ）economic forecasts, manufacturing output has risen slightly.问题1选项A.gloomyB.miserableC.shadowyD.obscure【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项gloomy“黑暗的，沮丧的”；B选项miserable“悲惨的，痛苦的”；C选项shadowy“幽暗的，多阴影的”；D选项obscure“昏暗的，晦涩的”。句意：尽管经济预期（），制造业产量有所上升。这里关键词in spite of可知，经济预期不是很好，这里能够用来形容经济这个抽象概念的只有A选项。B选项一般指人的品质或者命运。C选项一般指天气。D选项是指模棱两可的，代入句中不符合逻辑。3. 不定项选择题Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to ones side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell. Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after world War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that “Gift” means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arms length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.Our linguistic(语言上的) and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friend, business and respect in the world.Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them. When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives usually the richer who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nations diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all, America was the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods.But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.1. It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probable（ ） .2. The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their（ ）.3. In countries other than their own most Americans（ ）.4. According to the author, Americans cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will（ ）.5. The authors intention in writing this article is to make Americans realize that（ ）.问题1选项A.stand stillB.jump asideC.step forwardD.draw back问题2选项A.cultural self-centerednessB.casual mannersC.indifference towards foreign visitorsD.arrogance towards other cultures问题3选项A.are isolated by the local peopleB.are not well informed due to the language barrierC.tend to get along well with the nativesD.need interpreters in hotels and restaurants问题4选项A.affect their images in the new eraB.cut themselves off from the outside worldC.limit their role in world affairsD.weaken the position of the US dollar问题5选项A.it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friendsB.it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairsC.it is necessary to use several languages in public placesD.it is time to get acquainted with other cultures【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:D【解析】第1题:推理判断题。题干：中东人距离美国人太近会最可能A选项“站着不动”；B选项“跳到一边”；C选项“走得更近”；D选项“使保持距离”。定位到文章第一段倒数第一二句话Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arms length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.（此外，我们喜欢认为自己是友好的，但拉丁人和中东人更喜欢与他人至少3英尺或1臂的距离，这让美国人感到不舒服。）以及第二段第一句linguistic and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friend, business and re