2021届高考英语二轮创新复习 专题一 第四节 词句猜测题学案2021届高考英语二轮创新复习 专题一 第四节 词句猜测题学案年级：姓名：第四节词句猜测题常见设问形式1词义类：The underlined word/phrase.probably means/can be replaced by _Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word/phrase.?2指代类：What does the underlined word “this/that/it/they.” refer to？The underlined part “this/that/it/they.” refers to _3句意类：The underlined sentence in the.paragraph probably means _What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph.?正确选项特征1.含义和其字面意思没有任何的关系。2上下文逻辑通顺。3与原句意思最接近。干扰选项特征1与所考词汇形似。2如果考的是熟词，含有常规词义的往往是错误选项。3句子解释中含有过多原句中已有的词和短语的选项一般是错误选项。 授课提示：对应学生用书第15页题型1语境分析猜词义(2020高考全国卷C片段)The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the catsized animals multiplied like crazy.30What does the underlined word “collapsed” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?ABoomed.BBecame mature.CRemained stable. DCrashed.思维可视化(2019高考全国卷B片段)But hes nervous.“Im here to tell you today why you should.should.”Chris trips on the“ld，”a pronunciation difficulty for many nonnative English speakers.His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering support.“.Vote for.me.”Except for some stumbles，Chris is doing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion，Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.25What does the underlined word “stumbles” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AImproper pauses.BBad manners.CSpelling mistakes. DSilly jokes.思维可视化技巧点拨猜测词义五法1同义或定义解释法。上下文中以某种方式对其进行解释，如利用or，that is(to say)，in other words，namely等词语进行解释，或利用破折号、同位语(从句)、定语从句等进行解释。2因果推断法。对生词词义的猜测需要结合上下文的因果关系进行。3前后对比法。上下文中往往对生词提供一定的对比背景，并且通常以反义或对照的方式出现，以此可推测生词意思。4语境理解法。生词词义的推测大多根据语境进行，做题时要根据上下文语境信息进行分析、推理，从而猜测出生词的意义。5基本构词法。根据前缀、后缀、合成及词性转换猜测词义。题型2就近原则定指代(2019高考全国卷A片段)My Favourite Books Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and coauthor of the This Book Will series(系列)of lifestyle books.Here she picks her top reads.MatildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahls writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words.Matildas battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress，Miss Trunchbull，are equally funny and frightening，but theyre also aspirational.21Who does “I” refer to in the text?AStephen King. BGillian Flynn.CJo Usmar. DRoald Dahl.思维可视化技巧点拨代词指代判断三法此类题目要求考生根据语境判断代词(this，that，it，they，them，one，which等)究竟指代什么。具体方法：1返回原文，找出指代词(it，they，them，this.)。2向上(有时向下)搜索，找最近的名词、代词、短语或句子(就近原则)。3将找到的词、词组或句子代入替换该指代词，看其意思、逻辑关系是否通顺，并最终确定最佳答案。题型3语境吻合判句意(2019高考浙江卷B片段)Money with no strings attachedIts not something you see every day.But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month，a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read，“Give What You Can，Take What You Need.”24What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in Paragraph 1 mean?AMoney spent without hesitation.BMoney not legally made.CMoney offered without conditions.DMoney not tied together.思维可视化技巧点拨句意猜测两注意句意猜测题要求考生通过阅读文章，用合适的语句对其进行解释性的描述。1返回原文，找到该句，对原句进行语法和逻辑关系的准确分析。对于需要推理的句意理解，首先要理解句子前后的语境，其次对此句在文章中的意思进行合理的推断，最后再归纳总结。2一般来说，正确选项的意思与原句的意思完全相同，只是用其他的英语词汇和句式来表达相同的意思。授课提示：对应学生用书第16页A(2020石家庄高三阶段检测)Macinley Butson was just 16 years old when she first had the idea to try and protect women from morethannecessary radiation during breast cancer treatmentsand now，her invention could be a game changer in the medical field.Butson，whose father works in medical physics，has always been interested in science.But she only began researching the side effects of radiation treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatment in his work.Since Butson had also recently lost a relative to breast cancer，she felt inspired to conduct her own research on the subject.She tried to begin her medical research by consulting scientific journals，but she found their academic terms almost impossible to understand.She then turned to the Internet to find videos that taught how to read scientific journals.As she went deeper in her research，she stumbled upon a key bit of information: copper(铜)has been shown to be effective at protecting skin from radiation.An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film on medieval wars in her 10th grade history class.When she saw the scale(鳞)patterns of the mail(铠甲)，she was inspired to create a wearable protective tool out of copper.She then headed back online and watched videos on how to put tiny scales together.She made her own flexible scale mail which she now calls SMART(Scale Maille Armour for Radiation Therapy)When her invention was tested in a laboratory setting，it reduced surface exposure to unnecessary ra