2022年考博英语-郑州大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Shams and delusions are esteemed for soundest truths, while reality is fabulous. If men would steadily observe realities only, and not allow themselves to be deluded, life, to compare it with such things as we know, would be like a fairy tale and the Arabian Nights5 Entertainments. If we respected only what is inevitable and has a right to be, music and poetry would resound along the streets. When we are unhurried and wise, we perceive that only great and worthy thing have any permanent and absolute existence, and that petty fears and petty pleasure are but the shadow of reality. This is always exhilarating and sublime. By closing the eyes and slumbering, by consenting to be deceived by shows, men establish and confirm their daily life of routine and habit everywhere, which still is built on purely illusory foundation. Children, who play life, discern its true law and relations more clearly than men, who fail to live worthily, but who think they are wiser by experience, that is, by failure. I have read in a Hindoo book, that “there was a kings son, who, being expelled in infancy from his native city, was brought up by a forester, and, growing up to maturity in that state, imagined himself to belong to the barbarous race with which he lived. One of his fathers ministers having discovered him. revealed to him what he was, and the misconception of his character was removed, and he knew himself to be a prince. So soul, from the circumstances in which it is placed, mistakes its own character, until the truth is revealed to it by some holy teacher, and then it knows itself to be Brahma. “We think that is which appears to be. If a man should give us an account of the realities he beheld, we should not recognize the place in his description. Look at a meeting-house, or a court-house, or a jail, or a shop, or a dwelling-house, and say what that thing really is before a true gaze, and they would all go to pieces in your account of them. Men esteem truth remote, in the outskirts of the system, behind the farthest star, before Adam and after the last man. In eternity there is indeed something true and sublime. But all these times and places and occasions are now and here. God himself culminates in the present moment, and will never be more divine in the lapse of all ages. And we are enabled to apprehend at all what is sublime and noble only by the perpetual instilling and drenching of the reality that surrounds us. The universe constantly and obediently answers to our conceptions; whether we travel fast or slow, the track is laid for us. Let us spend our lives in conceiving then. The poet or the artist never yet had as fair and noble a design but some of his posterity at least could accomplish it.1. The author believes that a child（ ）.2. The author is primarily concerned with urging the reader to（ ）.3. The writers attitude toward the arts is（ ）.4. The passage is primarily concerned with problem of（ ）.问题1选项A.frequently faces vital problems better than grownups doB.should practice what the Hindoos preachC.hardly ever knows his true originD.is incapable of appreciating the arts问题2选项A.look to the future for enlightenmentB.honor the wisdom of the past agesC.appraise the present for its true valueD.spend more time in leisure activities问题3选项A.suspicionB.admirationC.indifferenceD.repulsion问题4选项A.history and economicsB.biology and physicsC.theology and philosophyD.society and population【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“作者认为一个孩子”。文章提到“凭借着失败的经验而认为自己更加聪明的大人们，嬉戏地生活着的孩子，比那些不能有价值生活的人更能发现生活的规律和各种关系”（Children, who play life, discern its true law and relations more clearly than men, who fail to live worthily, but who think they are wiser by experience, that is, by failure），因此选项A符合题意，嬉戏地生活着的孩子比成人更好地面对生活中的一些问题。2.推理判断题。题目问的是“作者主要关系的是敦促读者”。文章后面提到我们只有通过不断灌输和参悟周围的现实，才能理解什么是崇高和神圣（And we are enabled to apprehend at all what is sublime and noble only by the perpetual instilling and drenching of the reality that surrounds us），由此可知作者强调的是人们应该抓住现实，因此选项C符合题意。3.观点态度题。题目问是的“作者对艺术的态度是什么？”文章提到“如果我们只尊重一切不可避免的，并有存在权利的事物，音乐和诗歌便将响彻街头”(If we respected only what is inevitable and has a right to be, music and poetry would resound along the streets)，由此可知在作者看来，音乐和诗歌是有存在权利的，可以看出作者对其是持肯定态度的，因此选项B“赞赏”符合题意。indifference “冷淡”；suspicion “怀疑”。4.主旨大意题。题目问的是“这篇文章主要是关于的问题”。文章主要是从哲学层面来探讨人们应该重视现实这一个问题，并没有涉及到经济、人口和生物这些方面，因此选项C符合题意。2. 写作题Directions: Mr. Liu, 45 years old, is one of your friends and has passed the PhD entrance examination recently, and youve just got this news. Write to him a letter of congratulation.Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. Start your letter with “Dear Mr. Liu”. Do NOT sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Chen Ling” instead. You do not need to write the address.【答案】Dear Mr. Liu,I