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英语易错动词第一组: spend/ take /costspend的主语通常是“人”,即“某人在花多少时间或金钱。”例句:1)The boy spends a lot of money.(in) playing computer games.(那个男孩花了很多钱玩电子游戏。)2)She spent lots of money on books last year.(去年她花费很多钱在书本上。)take前常以it作形式主语,作“做某事需要花多少时间。”It takes (人)时间 to do sth.1)How long does it take you to finish the work?(你需要多少时间才能完成那工作?)2)It took me an hour to repair my bike.(我花了一个小时修理自行车。)3)It takes a lot of courage to tell the truth.(说真话需要很大的勇气。)cost的主语通常是事物,即指 某物值多少钱需要多少时间某人花了多少钱使(某人)(丧失)(事/物)cost(人)时间/金钱1)The watch cost me two hundred yuan.(这块手表花了我200块钱。)2)Writing a novel cost plenty of time.(写本小说要花很多时间。)3)The girls bad behavior cost her parents many sleepless nights.(那个女孩的不良行为使得她的父母许多夜晚睡不着。)注意:cost的过去式,过去分词都是cost。第二组:speak/say/tell/talkspeak说某种语言,说某人好、坏话是及物动词;发表讲话,对某人说话,是不及物动词。1)The students speak English very fluently.(这些学生英语说得非常流利。)2)The Prime Minister spoke on the international situation.(首相就国际形势发表了演说。)3)She always speaks ill of others.(她总是说别人的坏话。)speak的习惯用语:Generally speaking 一般而言Frankly speaking 坦白地说Strictly speaking 严格地说not to speak of 且不说;更不用说1)Generally speaking, man is stronger than woman.(一般而言,男人比女人强壮。)2)We can speak English, not to speak of Chinese.(我们会读英语,汉语更不用说了。)say说出某句话或某件事;后接从句,(但say与从句之间不能直接接人称代词或名词);说明时间;书信、布告报纸上的“说”,习惯用法1)She said ,“I love you.”(她说:“我爱你。”)2)Say goodbye to them.(跟他们说再见。)3)She says she is busy.(她说她很忙。)4)My watch says 10:00 sharp.(我的表是十点整。)5)The paper says that there was a big fire in Shanghai.(报上说上海发生了一场大火)。6)It is said that she has been away for a month.(据说她已走了一个月了)7)It goes without saying that education is important.(不用说,教育是重要的。)8)Tom is a good student, that is to say, he gets good grades in school.(Tom是个好学生,也就是说,他在学校的成绩很好。) tell说谎;讲故事;说实话1)Dont tell a lie.(不要说谎。)2)She likes to tell stories.(她喜欢讲故事。)3)We should always tell the truth.(我们应该永远说实话。) tell辨别;叫某人做某事;接“间接”与“直接”宾语;tell宾语that从句1)Sometimes we cant tell right from wrong.(有时我们无法辨别是非。)(他告诉我他要去那儿。)talk连续地说话;习惯用法1)What are the girls talking about ?(那些女孩们讲什么?)2)Young people like to talk politics.(年青人喜欢谈论政治。)3)I talked over the matter with her.(我与她谈论了那个问题。)第三组:take /bring/carry/fetchtake作“带去”“拿去”解;从近处把东西送到远处例句:1)Shell take her children to the park.(她要带孩子去公园。)2)Its raining, youd better take an umbrella with you.(下雨了;你最好把雨伞带上。)bring“拿来;带来”;从远处把东西拿到近外1)Bring the dictionary to me.(把字典拿给我。)2)Please bring your report with you when you come tomorrow.(明天你来的时候,请把你的报告带来。)carry作“携带,带去;搬运”解1)She always carries a red handbag.(她总是带一个红色手包。)2)Please carry this TV set upstairs.(请把这台电视搬到楼上去。)fetch作“去取来,拿来;叫某人来”解1)The football is over there. Fetch it please.(足球在那边呢,请把它拿回来。)2)Fetch the police at once. Weve found the robber.(马上去叫警察来,我们已经发现那个抢劫的人。)第四组:wear/put on/ dresswear穿着,戴;留,表示“状态”是及物动词需加宾语例句:1)She always wears a pair of glasses.(她总是戴着一副眼镜。)2)He wears a black jacket today.(今天他穿着一件黑色的夹克。)put on穿上,戴上,表示“动作”例句:1)The teacher put on his hat and went out of the office.(老师戴上帽子然后走出办公室。)2)Put on the gloves .Its cold outside.(戴上手套外面很凉。)dress作“穿着的衣服”解;给某人穿衣服不用写衣服例句:1)She is dressed in red.(她穿着红衣服。)2)The mother dresses the child every day.(那位母亲每天给孩子穿衣服。)此句不能加衣服。3)She dresses herself in red.(此句等于第一个例句。)第五组:do /makedo“做”主要是用来表示“行动”“行为”,如do omelets是“把蛋卷煎好”。在do后面常加一些抽象名词,如do wrong(犯错)。“wrong”是抽象名词常与do搭配的短语有:do ones do (the) some do sb. a favor帮人忙do with利用;忍受;需要do away with废除do without用不着;不需要have do sb. do nothing but do除了做以外什么也没做do business做生意例句:1)Ill do the dishes today.(今天我来洗盘子。)2)Ive done my homework.(我已经做完了作业。)3)Crying does harm to you.(哭对你没有益处。)4)Will you do me a favor?(能否帮我一个忙?)5)We cannot do without a telephone in our business.(我们做生意没有电话是不行的。)6)The new teacher didnt know what to do with the class.(新老师不知道如何对待他班上的学生。)7)I did nothing but watch TV last night.(昨晚我除了看电视以外什么也没有做。)8)Who does your hair?(平常是谁给你做头发的?)make“作”,表示“制造”,其后的宾语是make的产品。如make clothes 制做衣服;make后常跟一些可数名词常与make动词搭配的短语有:make a make an make make例句:1) They have make great progress in learning English.(在学习英语方面他们已经取得了很大的进步。)2)Who is going to make a speech today?(今天谁来演说?)3)Dont make a noise.嘘!(不要出声。)4)She makes her living as a teacher.(她作教师来维持生计。)第一组: lie/lay/lie1)lie不及物动词,躺;位于lielaylainlying例句:Shanghai lies to the south of Beijing.(上海位于北京的南方。)She has lain in bed for three days.(她已经在床上躺了三天了。)2)lay及物动词,放置;下蛋laylaidlaidlaying例句:These hens lay eggs every day.(这些鸡每天下蛋。)He laid his hand on my shoulder.(他把手放在我的肩上。)lie不及物动词,说谎lieliedliedlying例句:Dont lie to me.(别骗我。)She lies about her career.(她编造她的经历。)第二组:hear/listen tohear听;是一种“自然无意的动作。”hear of听说过hear from得到消息例句:The deaf cannot hear.(聋子听不见。)listen是一种“有意的动作。”如后面有宾语则需加to;如没有宾语,listen后不可加to。例句:List
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