Grammarsentences句子成份句子一般由两个部分组成： 主语部分(subject group) 谓语部分(predicate group)句子成份：主谓 宾 表定状.补Members of sentence:S subjectP predicativeO objectAttri.attributeAdv.“ adverbOcgppject complement初 1）主语（subject）句子的主体，全句述说的对象。一般由 名词主格代词动词不定式动名词 瞒偽常置于I like football.The boy needs q pen.2）谓语（predicate） 说明主语的动作或状态。由动避任。 常置于主语后。The train leaves at 6 o,clock.want a ticket.爭3）宾语（object）弋表示vt 的动作对象或prep.所联系的对象。由n或相当于n的词担任。置于vt或prep.后。He won the game. On the deskTome lost his life in the big fire.=14）表语（predicative）用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。 由n或adj.担任。置于系动词之后。除了be系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词51）表感官的动词：feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。2）表转变变化的动词：become, get，grow, turn, go,等3）表延续的动词remain, keep, stay等。5) 宾木卜(objective complement) 补充说明宾语的情况。由n. /adj. /介宾/分词/不定式等担任。They made him、I consider the book too expensive.6)定语(a卄ributive)对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子， 汉语中常用“的表示，通常位于被修饰的成分前TheCblacWbike is mine.说明1：当定语修饰不定代词如：nothing, anything , everything , something等时,定语耍放在其后作后置定语我告诉他一些有趣的事情。I tell him something interesting 说明2：不定式、短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后这间屋子里的男孩子们是10班的。The students in the room are in Class Nine初 7）状语（adverbial）用以修饰adj. /v. /adv及全句，位置灵活。通常在句子基本结构 之后，强调时放在句首；修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副 词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。I am(very)sorry.We(often)help him.When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher (从句作时间状语)复合句I 简单句1. Things changed.主 + 谓2. Trees are green 厶主+谓+ 表3. We dont beat children.主+谓 + 宾4. He gave his sis卞er the piano.主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语5.1 found the book宾补racticeNobody wen卞.主 + 谓She became a doctor.厶主+谓+ 表The car caught fire.主+ 谓 + 宾I will write you a long letter.主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语I will let him主+谓 + 宾 + 宾补初in.复合句宾话从句同俊语从句切II.并列句QThis is me 朗d these are my friends V They must stay in water, or they will die. It s no卞 cheap, but 计 is very good 丁卞 was latez so I went to bed._He knocked at the door; there was no answe You re alive! And shes deadI名词性从句状语从句J定语从句He said that he didnt like he匚A plane is a machine that can fly.分为九类:状语从句0时间、地点、原因、结果、 v 目的、条件、让步.方式、程度、1）时间状语从句Wait until you are called.When spring camez leaves turn green.切2）地点状语从句Put 计 where you found it：常用的关联词有：as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever等Sit down wherever you like.弋+ 常用的关联词有：where, wherever, anywhere3）原因状语从句c AsJE didnt know 卞he wayI asked a* poli cemanY常用的关联词有：because, as, since田4）结果状语从句琴I was in the bath so that I didn t hear the 卞elephone?常用的关联词有：so, so .that, such. that5）目的状语从句I II show you so you will see how ifs done常用的关联词有：so, so that, in order that初6）条件状语从句遑If it snows tomorrow, we will build a .snowman.卡常用的关联词有：if, unless, in case that, on condition that.7）让步状语从句Though Im fond of music J can卞 play any instrument.+ 常用的关联词有：though, although, aeven if, even though.田8)方式状语从句勺He did just las you told him.)t 常用的关联词有：as, as if, as though, how9)程度状语从句So long as you need me) Til stay.4常用的关联词有：so, so that, as far as, so long as(g)名词性从句1)主语从句* What he said is not known.三* That we shalHoe late is certain夭 1卞 is certain that we shall be late* How strange it is that the children are so quiet!2）表语从句* That is wha卞 he wants to buy.* The problem is 卞hat who we can公get to replace her?* The reason is that he has lied to me several times.3）宾语从句* I understand that he is weH* He said that he didn5卞 like her._* I don t know if you can help me.4)同位语从句* Where did you get the idea that I couldn t come?* The question who should do 卞he workrequires consideration* Mother made a promisethat she would buy me a new coat.注盍！引导词that & what卄urt与whd十都可以引导名词性从句。* what在从句中充当句子成份（主，宾，表）。 That在句中只起连接作用，不充当成份。* thata引导名词性从句时不可省略（宾语从句除外）.That is what he wants to buy.That we shall be late is certain.He said (that) he didn t like her.Grammarsentences