一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1homelessness n无家可归2currency n. 货币3ownership n. 所有权4vacant adj. 未住人的，空置的5bare adj. 赤裸的6choke vi. 窒息，噎住7virtue n. 优点，长处8framework n. 结构，构架9poster n. 海报10edition n. 版本11fragrant adj. 有香味的12thirst n. 口渴13swing vi. 摇动14merchant n. 商人15suck vt. 含在嘴里吮食.核心词汇写其形1voluntary adj. 自愿的2deposit vt.& vi. 存储，储蓄3govern vt. 统治，管理4burden n. 重担，负担5resign vt.& vi. 辞职6shrink vi. (使)收缩，缩小7collision n. 相撞8skip vt. 跳过9cast vt. 投下10undertake vt. 着手做，从事11squeeze vt. 挤12fine n. 罚款13sentence n. 判决14relay vt. 转达；传送15abolish vt. 废除.拓展词汇通其变1abundant adj.大量的abundance n大量2signature n签名sign v签名；打手势 n招牌；迹象；符号3govern vt.统治，管理government n政府；管辖，治理4accumulate v积累accumulation n积累；聚集5adjustment n调整，调节adjust vt.调整，调节，使适应6delete vt.删除deletion n删除7elect vt.选举，推选election n选举8merciful adj.宽大的，仁慈的mercy n宽容，仁慈9consequently adv.所以，因此consequent adj.作为结果的consequence n结果；后果10. diverse adj.各种各样的 diversity n多样性1.由shrink想到的动词extend延伸；伸出increase 增加enlarge 扩大；放大expand 扩大；膨胀decrease 减少reduce 减少2.“virtue”相关词汇小结optimism乐观modesty 谦虚bravery 勇敢，勇气justice 正义diligence 勤勉generosity 慷慨3.“熟词生义”小聚fine n罚款fail v. 衰退，衰弱class n. 阶级；等级express n. 快车desert v. 抛弃，离弃ground n. 根据(二)重点短语记牢用活1come_into_being形成，存在2wind_sb.up 故意惹恼(某人，尤指 开玩笑)3show_off 炫耀，夸耀4knock_into_sb. 撞上某人5break_into 闯入6on_principle 根据原则7sentence_sb.to_death 判某人死刑8be_well/better_off 过得好/过得更好9take.seriously 认真对待10above_all 最重要的是；首先11do_away_with 废除；取消12to_start_with 首先13play_an_important_role_in. 在中起重要作用； 在中扮演重要角色14contribute_to 促进，有助于15take.into_account 考虑，注意，体谅16keep_an_eye_on 注意，留意1.“v.介词to”短语多棱镜belong to属于lead to 导致keep to 遵守，坚持contribute to 有助于，为做贡献admit to 承认turn to 求助于2.knock相关短语荟萃knock out摧毁knock into 撞上knock on/at 敲门knock down 撞倒knock over 撞倒3.“考虑”短语知多少take.into consideration认真考虑take.into account 考虑take account of 考虑think over 仔细考虑(三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：not.but.不是而是Not increased happiness，but stress and less free time to be ourselves and enjoy being with our friends and families.我们不是更快乐了，而是压力增加了，留给我们自己以及与朋友、家人享受乐趣的自由时间更少了。句型2：Its high time that sb.did sth.到某人做某事的时候了As a society，its_high_time_that_we_took these issues more seriously.作为整个社会来讲，是我们应该更严肃地考虑这些问题的时候了。句型3：would rather后接从句时，从句应该用虚拟语气Id(I_would)_rather_you_didnt mention that.我宁愿你不要提那件事。句型4：what if.？如果将会怎么样呢？What_if some married people have affairs？要是一些已婚的人有了婚外恋怎么办？句型5：make宾语宾语补足语结构表示“使”They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs，which made_it_easier_to keep an eye on peoples movements.之后他们可以派卫兵把守着胡同的入口，这样做使他们更容易监视人们的举动。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1(2018浙江卷6月)The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant(丰富的) food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.2The high building is one of the most challenging engineering projects they have ever undertaken(承担). 3The customer has to deposit(存储) a minimum of 100 monthly.4He has the ability to govern(统治) and give peace to the country.5The collision(相撞) took place in the busiest shipping lanes in the world.6As a matter of fact, my job at the hospital is purely voluntary(volunteer)7Mary resigned(resign) as an agent in a travel agency in September and moved to Canada.8They saw the man with a little girl skipping(skip) along behind him.9He has been to China before；consequently(consequent) he knows something about it.10The woman got on the bus，burdened(burden) with two heavy suitcases.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1The new government is governing the country well and it makes its government well received by the people.(govern)2I asked the young man to delete the records and he said that the records had been marked for deletion(delete)3The young man has killed an abundance of wildlife and he wont escape being punished, for the evidence is abundant. (abundant)4The leader was angry at factory closures and the consequent loss of local jobs and was worried about the consequence. Consequently she resigned.(consequent)5If you move to a new city, youd better adjust yourself to it. Sometimes, it is hard to make some adjustments. (adjust).选词成篇break into; to start with; take.seriously; keep an eye on; be sentenced toSeveral days ago, the police 1.kept_an_eye_on three thieves who had 2.broken_into a bank. 3.To_start_with,_they 4.took_it_seriously and came up with a good plan. They arrest