北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2023.05.09Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Babies who are breast-fed may be more likely to be successful in life, a new study published Tuesday suggests. The study followed more than 3,000 babies into adulthood in Brazil. The researchers found those who were breast-fed scored slightly higher in intelligence tests in their 30s, stayed in school longer and earned more money than those who were given formula（配方奶粉）.CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)中央情报局IQ(intelligence quotient) n. 智力商数EQ(Emotional Quotient)情商“Breast-feeding not only has short-term benefits, but also breast-feeding has long-term benefits, says Bernardo Lessa Horta of the Federal University of Pelotas in Brazil, who led the study being published in The Lancet Global Health.short-term memory短时记忆Long-term memory长时记忆The Lancet Global Health柳叶刀杂志(76)Doctors have long known that breast-feeding can be good for a babys health.长期以来，医生们就已熟知母乳喂养对婴儿健康有益。This is especially true in poor countries, where water can becontaminated. For instance, a baby given formula in developing countries is 14 times more likely to die in the first six months than one whos breast-fed. In the U.S., some research has suggested that breast-feeding may raise a babys IQ（智商）by a few points. But a recent study with siblings（兄弟姐妹）found little advantage to breast-feeding.Horta says these previous studies didnt follow children into adulthood to see if breast-feeding had long-term effects. So Horta analyzed data collected from 3,493 volunteers he and his colleagues have been following since birth. They are now in their 30s. First, the researchers gave the subjects IQ tests. Those who were breast-fed for 12 months or more had IQ test scores that were 3.76 points higher than those who were breast-fed for less than one month, the team found. When Horta and his colleagues looked at how much education the subjects had gotten and how much money they were making, they also found a clear difference: Thosewhowerebreast-fedstayedlongerinschoolforaboutanextrayearandhadmonthlysalariesthatwereaboutathird higher.1. From the passage, we learn that Horta_ .A. is from BrazilB. conducts his research in the U.S.C. has 30 researchers on his teamD. is well-known in developing countries2. Which of the following about those who were breast-fed is NOT mentioned?A. They stayed longer in school B. They were happierC. They were smarter D. They made more moneybreast-feed v (pt, pp breast-fed) Tn feed (a baby) with milk from the breast 用乳房的奶喂（婴儿）: Were her children breast-fed or bottle-fed? 她的孩子喂的是人奶还是牛奶?3. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Doctors dont understand the benefits of breast-feeding.B. Horta is concerned with water contamination in poor countries.C. Hortas research project lasted about 30 yearsD. Breast-feeding is the only way to improve a babys health4. The wordcontaminatedin Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to_.A. finished B. interested C. cleared D. polluted5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Researchers Have Pointed Out the Disadvantages of Breast-feedingB. Researchers Have Found Out the Shortcomings of FormulaC. Breast-feeding Improves Chances of SuccessD. Breast-feeding Benefits Both Mother and Babyappropriate=properPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:Maggie Walker was born in 1867 in Richmond, Virginia. Her mother was once a slave in a rich womans house. When Maggie was very young, a thief killed her father. Her family wasimpoverished, so Maggies mother started doing laundry in her home. Maggie had to help her. She washed clothes every day,but she continued to go to school. She was a very good student, especially in math. After Maggie graduated from high school高级中学, she got a job as a teacher. In 1886,she married Armistead Walker. They had two sons and Maggie stayed home to care for them. She also volunteered to help a social organization called the Order of St. Luke. This organization helped African Americans take care of the sick and bury the dead. Maggie Walker loved the work of the organization. The organization believed that African Americans should take care of each other.Over the years,Maggie Walker had more and more responsibilities with the organization. In 1895,she suggested that St. Luke begin a program for young people. (77)This program became very popular with schoolchildren.这个项目很受学校孩子们的欢迎。In 1899,Walk became Grand Secretary Treasurer of the St. Luke o