现在完成时一、构成1.肯定句: 主语+have/has+过去分词+(其他）。2. 否定句: 主语+have/has+not +过去分词+(其他）。3. 一般疑问句 Have/has+主语+过去分词? Yes, S+have/has. No, S+have/hasnt.二、特征词already(肯定句)yet(否定句和疑问句)never，ever(疑问句)just (谓语动词之前) before(句末）so far= up to now, by now（到如今，迄今为止）in the past/last few years, (过去几年来)these days（这几天）since/ever since（自从，从那时起）for+ 时间段 :for two years三、用法1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 I have already seen the film.我已经看过这部电影了。（还记得内容） Jim has just lost his book.吉姆刚才把书丢了。（还没找到）2.常和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用.如： for+时间段 for12 weeks/three minutes since+ 时间点(起点) since 9 oclock this morning since一段时间agofor时间段; since two weeks ago=for two weeks for a year=since a year ago; since 2000=for 9 years since+从句(从句常用一般过去时) The Greens have lived in Macao since they moved to Macao from Paris.格林一家从巴黎搬到澳门之后就一直住在澳门。四、时态填空：1.Are you sure you _(lose) the book?-Yes, I _(look) for it everywhere, but I still cant find it.2.We _ already _(copy) these words.3. Jim _(just, watch) a football match. He is so tired and hungry.4. _you ever _(travel) on a train?5. -_ they _(see) the film yet?-Yes.They_(see) it already.-When_they_(see) it? -They _(see)it just now.6.- _ her sister _(be) to Nanning?-No,she_( never,be) there before.五、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时都表示“动作已经发生”，但不同点在于：（1） 现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，即对现在产生的结果、影响等，而一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。He has learned French for three years.他学法语已经三年了。He learned French for three years.他曾经学过三年法语。Who has taken my bag? I couldnt find it.谁拿走了我的包？我找不到了？He cleaned the house yesterday.他昨天打扫过房间。The room is clean, for he has cleaned it already.房间很干净，因为他已经打扫过了。（2） 现在完成时不可与表示过去的时间副词连用，而一般过去时则可以。He has done some washing yesterday.He did some washing yesterday.他昨天洗衣服了。六、 现在完成时与一般过去时练习1. - Where _you _ (put) the book? I cant see it anywhere. - I _(put) it right here. But now its gone. A. did ; put; put B. have; put; put C. did; put; have put D. have; put; have put 2. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _ to her? A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened 3. Hello, I _ you were in London. How long _ here? A. dont know; were you B. hadnt known; are you C. havent known; are D. didnt know; have you been 4. Im glad to tell you that we _ the work in less time than we _ expected to. A. finished; were B. have finished; are C. have finished; were D. had finished; were 5. It _ that pleasant music keeps people from becoming tired at their work. A. finds B. has found C. was found D. has been found 6. When I was at college I _ three foreign language but I _ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten C. had spoken; have forgotten 7. Im sorry, Mary, I _ your radio for such a long time. Never mind. A. keep B. kept C. have kept D. am keeping 8. Where have you _ these days? I have _ to Yangzhou with my friends. A. been, gone B. been, been C. gone, been D. gone, gone9. Where is your father? We havent seen each other for weeks._. A. He has been to America B. He has gone to England C. He is going to Australia D. He would visit my grandparents10. They have _ since the factory opened. A. left the school B. joined the team C. become workers D. worked here11. Jim _ the Great Wall many times. A. went to B. goes to C. has gone toD. has been to12. It _ ten years since they _ to France. A. was, moved B. was, have moved C. is, have moved D. is, moved 13. _ to the United States? No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago. A. Have you been B. Have you gone C. Did you go D. Will you go14. .I wont go to see the film tonight because I _ my ticket. A. didnt lose B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt have15. Miss Wu has taught in this school _. A. for ten years B. ten years ago C. since ten years D. for ten years ago16. I _ todays homework already. What about you? A. have finished B. finish C. to finish D. Finishing17. Ann has gone to Shanghai. So _ her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Zhao (hurry) off to look after the man.2. Jim (make) many fr