Hydrogen haidrdn n.氢Helium hi:ljm n.化氦Lithiumliim n.锂 Beryllium briljm n.铍(Be) Boronb:rn n. 硼 Carbon k:bn n. 碳 Diamonds are pure carbon. 钻石是纯净的碳。 Nitrogen 氮Oxygen 氧Fluorine fluri:n 氟Neon ni:n n. 化氖Sodiumsudim n.钠Magnesiummni:zjm n.镁Aluminum ,lju:-minjmn. 铝Silicon silikn n. 硅Phosphorus fsfrs n. 磷Sulfur slf n.硫磺,硫黄; vt.用硫磺处理Chlorinekl:ri:nn.化氯, 氯气Argon :n n. 氩Potassiumptsim钾 Calciumklsim钙 Scandium kndim钪(Sc) Titanium taiteinim钛 Vanadiumvneidim钒, Chromium krumjm铬 Manganese mni:z锰Iron ain铁Cobalt kb:lt, kub:lt 钴(Co) Nickel nikl 镍 Nickel can be used for making coins. 镍可做成钱币。Copper kp 铜 Copper conducts electricity well. 铜是电的良导体。Zinczik锌 Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. 黄铜是铜和锌的合金。Gallium lim 镓 Germanium d:meinim 锗Arsenic:snik砷;三氧化二砷;砒霜 Selenium sili:nim 硒 Bromine brumi:n溴 krypton kriptn 氪常用： ppm: parts per million ppb: parts per billion pH: potential of hydrogen1. 化合物的命名：规则：金属(或某些非金属)元素+阴离子名称 (1)MgCl2 magnesium mni:zjm chloride(2)NaNO2 sodium nitrite naitrait(3)KNO3 potassiumptsim nitrate naitreit(4)硝酸 nitric acid(5)NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate练习： FeBr2 (NH4)2SO4 NH4H2PO4 KMnO4 亚硫酸 sulfurous acid H2S NO2 有机物命名 Hydrocarbon Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Aromatic Hydrocarbon Aliphatic hydrocarbon (脂肪烃) Alkane (烷); Alkene(烯); Alkyne(炔) Alcohol 醇 Aldehyde 醛 Ketone ki:tun 酮 Carboxylic acid 羧酸 Aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃) benzene (苯) hydroxybenzene(酚) quinone(醌)无机物中关于数字的写法mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca-一， 二， 三， 四， 五， 六， 七， 八， 九， 十有机物中关于数字的写法meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-, 甲 乙 丙 丁 戊 已 hept-, oct-, non-, dec-, cyclo-, poly- 庚 辛 壬 葵 环 聚练习 甲烷 乙炔 丙酮 丁醇 戊烷 己烯 庚醛 辛烷 2-甲基壬酸 3,5-二乙基癸醇Lesson 1 Lithium liim n.锂 Beryllium briljm n.铍(Be) Sodium sudim n.钠Potassium ptsim 钾 Rubidium ru:bidim 铷Caesium si:zim 铯Nucleusnju:klis 原子核，是nuclear的复数Halogenhldn 卤素general chemistry 普通化学positivepztiv ion 阳离子orbital electron 轨道电子effective nuclear charge 有效核电荷atomic radius 原子半径，raddi的复数ionic radius 离子半径negative ion 阴离子electron cloud 电子云Van der Waals non-bounded radius单质分子晶体中相邻分子间两个非键合原子核间距离的一半称为范德华半径 Lesson 2metallic mitlik characterkrikt 金属特性electropositive Ilektrupztiv a.带正电的Ionization ainaizein energy 电离能carbon 碳 germaniumd:meinim 锗tin tin 锡 lead led 铅sodiumsudim 钠 magnesiummni:zjm 镁silicon silikn 硅 chlorine kl:ri:n 氯nonmetallic nnmitlikadj.n.非金属的，非金属Electronegativity 电负性Metallic oxide 金属氧化物Metallic hydroxide haidrksaid 金属氢氧化物Hydroxyl haidrksil ions 氢氧根离子insolubleinsljubl 不溶解的Ionic ainik adj. 离子的Transition element 过渡元素Basicity bsisiti n. 碱性，碱度Oxyacid ,ksisid 含氧酸Carbonate k:bneit 碳酸盐Nitrate naitreit 硝酸盐Sulphate slfeit 硫酸盐 = sulfateAmphoteric ,mfterik adj.两性的Acid sid n. adj.alkali lklai n.adj.Hydration haidrein 水合作用Hydrolyze haidrlaiz vi. 水解Oxysalt ksis:lt 含氧酸盐Complex 络合物，复合物 句子理解1) Metals are electropositive and have a tendency to loss electrons, if supplied with energy: M M+ + e. 金属是电正性的，如果供给能量，有失去电子的趋势。2) The stronger this tendency, the more electropositive and more metallic an element is. （元素失电子）趋势越强，其电正性和金属性越强。3) Thus sodium and magnesium are more metallic than silicon, which in turn, is more metallic than chlorine. 因此，钠和镁的金属性比硅强，以此类推，硅的金属性比氯强。Which 引导非限定定语从句，修饰Silicon4) Oxides, which are insoluble in water, are regarded as basic if they react with acids to form salts. 不溶于水的氧化物，如果和酸能够反应生成盐，则认为是碱性的。5) Weakly electropositive elements are unaffected by water and are much less readily attacked by acids. 弱电正性的金属不与水反应，且不易与酸反应6) Salts of strongly electropositive metals have little tendency to hydrolyze and form oxysalts. 强电正性的金属盐水解形成含氧酸盐的趋势很小。It is + adj.+ to： It is advantageous to work at lower temperature It is possible to do sth. It seems advantageous to do sth