2022军队文职人员招聘-军队文职英语言文学考前拔高名师测验卷（附答案解析）1. 问答题：如买方所订船只到达装港后，卖方不能按买方所通知的时间如期装船时，则空舱费及滞期费等一切费用和后果均由卖方负担。如船只因临时撤换、延期或退关等情况而未能及时通知卖方停止发货者，在装港发生的栈租及保险费损失的计算，应以代理通知之装船日期(如货物晚于船代理通知之装船日期抵达装港，应以货物抵港日期)为准，在港口免费堆存期满后第16天起应由买方负担，除人力不可抗拒的情况外。但卖方仍负有载货船只到达装港后立即将货物装船之义务并担负费用及风险。前述各有关费用均凭原始单据核实支付。答案： 本题解析：Should the Sellers fail to load the goods within the time as notified by the Buyers, on board the vessel booked by the Buyers after its arrival at the port of shipment, all expenses such as dead freight, demurrage, etc., and consequences thereof shall be borne by the Sellers. Should the vessel be withdrawn or replaced or delayed eventually or the cargo be shut out etc., and the Sellers are not informed in good time to stop delivery, the calculation of loss for storage expenses and insurance premium thus sustained at the loading port shall be based on the loading date notified by the agent to the Sellers (or based on the date of the arrival of the cargo at the loading port in case the cargo should arrive there later than the notified loading date). The above-mentioned loss to be calculated from the 16th day after expiry of the free storage time at port shall be borne by the Buyers with the exception of Force Majeure. However, the Sellers shall undertake to load the cargo immediately upon the carrying vessels arrival at the loading port at their own risks and expenses. The payment of the aforesaid expenses shall be effected against presentation of the original vouchers after being checked.2. 问答题：晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说：“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔羽说：“钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。”答案： 本题解析：Qiao Yu liked fishing in his late years. He said: “Mostly speaking, a place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood. The best places for fishing, it seems to me, are not those commercial fishing centers which provide you with all the conveniences and where fish are kept hungry for ready capture, but attractive natural water bodies in out-of-the-way places.” Fishing is an outdoor sport that can help cultivate your mind and it is good for our mental and physical health. Qiao Yu claimed: “There are three states for fishing. The first state is for fish only. The second one is both for fish and for the pleasure of fishing. The third one is just for the pleasure of fishing. When facing a pool of green water; you forget all your worries and annoyance and enjoy a good rest, both mentally and physically.”3. 问答题：希腊破产；主权信用评级为垃圾级的葡萄牙在恳求安哥拉投资；高失业率的西班牙其利率在过去的这个月里已经翻倍；投资者对正在复苏的爱尔兰债券持高度警惕的态度。增长停滞的意大利正在负隅顽抗，尽管新上任的技术型总理蒙蒂（Mario Monti）有着明星般的声誉，但意大利仍面临着不可持续的高利率；而对于在欧盟的成员国比利时来说，负债已经与GDP相当，债务信用评级已被下调，原因之一就是新政府迟迟未能成立。消费者信心正在下降的法国很可能是下一个。德国的部分国债还没卖出去，并且国债的价格也在下滑。任何欧元区国家以及欧元区公司都无法逃脱欧元区这座建筑的结构性缺陷所带来的影响。欧元区以外的国家也未能幸免。英国赤字高涨，债台高筑，减赤方案有可能不起作用。英国之所以还维持着AAA的评级，是因为该多拥有自己的货币，并且评级机构在决定是否降级时越来越多地考虑到国家的管理能力。英国被认为管理能力较强，但等周三公务员大罢工令全国陷入瘫痪后，情况可能就不一样了。答案： 本题解析：Bankrupt Greece; junk-rated Portugal pleading with Angola for inbound investment; jobless Spain, facing some interest rates that have doubled in the past month; and recovering Ireland have already fallen to the bond vigilantes. Growth-free Italy is fighting a rearguard action, facing unsustainable interest rates despite the stellar reputation of its newly appointed technocrat prime minister, Mario Monti; Belgian debt, now equal to its GDP, has been downgraded, in part because of the inability of this seat of the EU to form a new government. France, consumer confidence dropping, is likely next. Some German IOUs were unsold, and prices of bunds are slipping. No euro-zone country and no euro-zone company can any longer escape the consequences of the structural flaw in the euro-zone architecture.Nor can countries outside the euro zone. Great Britain, with high deficits, mounting debt, and a deficit-reduction plan that just might not work, retains its triple-A rating because it has its own currency and the rating companies increasingly consider governance when deciding whether to downgrade. Britain is considered governable, but that might change after Wednesdays strike of public-service workers shuts down the country.4. 问答题：1949年以后，一个真正的妇女解放过程开始了。男女平等被定为国策，所有妇女都参加生产劳动。这件事太伟大了，因为就算是在西方，妇女对工作权、选举权的争取也要经过100多年，但是中国女性直接就获得了这些权利。而且女性参加社会生产劳动的比例一下就超过了很多西方国家，几乎是100%的适龄并适合劳动的妇女都出来工作，这应该说是一个非常关键的进步。然而，那个年代有时是比较极端的。过于强调男女都一样，男性能做到的，女性也能做到，男女之间没什么区别，大家穿同样的衣服，女孩儿也都不化妆，好像没有性别的区分了。但造成这种现象的原因是过去女性的地位太低，转到这个阶段，女性被抑制的各种方面爆发了。此时，女性的地位得到极大提高，但性别差异也被忽略。答案： 本题解析：A factual women liberation started after 1949. Gender equality was advocated as a national policy and all women were engaged in social production work. This was unbelievably great because that even in the west world, women had struggled for over