现在完成时 The Present perfect Tense一、现在完成时：用来表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或过去的动作从过去延续到现在。l 现在完成时的句型结构： have (has) +PP（过去分词）。l 规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词需要特殊记忆。Exercise 1：写出下列动词的过去式、过去分词。动词的过去式、过去分词的构成： _ _ _ 不规则动词特殊记。finish _ _ play _ _cry _ _carry _ _stop _ _fly _ _have _ _Exercise 2：1. I _ English in this school since 1999.A. have taught B. have C. tea D. would teach2. Li Lei _ the pen for five years.A. has had B. has bought C. have had D. have bought3. Kate _ her grandmothers photo before.A. havent seen B. have seen C. see D. hasnt seen4. _ Mary _ you these days?A. Has, seen B. Do, see C. Did, see D. hasnt seen5. So far, we_ thousands of building in Beijing.A. build B. have built C. built D. will build二、现在完成时的含义之一表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响，常与never/ever,just, already/yet, before, so far等连用。1. 以 already, just, yet为标志： already, just, yet表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没发生。 eg. He has already finished his homework. He has just finished his homework. He hasnt finished his homework yet.2. 以 ever/never为标志：evernever标志到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有发生过。This is the best film I have ever seen. He has never been to Beijing.3. 以动作发生的次数为标志：若某一动作到目前为止已经发生若干次，则要用现在完成时态。 He says he has been to Shanghai three times.4. 以so far为标志：往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。I have passed the exam so far.5. never/ever,just, already/yet, before, so far的用法（略）Exercises 21. -Have you _ traveled on the train. -Yes, I have.A. never B. ever C. just D. yet2. -Have you finished your housework. -Not, _.A. ever B. already C. yet D. just3. We havent heard his voice_. A. already B. ever C. yet D. just4. -Have you _ learned English? -Yes, Ive _ learned a lot.A. never, ever B. already, yet C. ever, already D. already, ever5. -Have you finished your work_? -Yes, Ive done that_.A. yet, already B. already, yet C. ever, never D. still, yet6. Johns father _ borrowed some pictures.A. have already B. has already C. have ever D. has yet三、现在完成时的含义之二表示过去的动作从过去延续到现在。常与for, since, how long, these days等连用。 since +过去的点时间（since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今）。Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. He has learned about 5000 English words since he went to college. for+一段时间，（for短语表示动作延续多长时间，的宾语为时间段）。此划线部分用How long提问。We have known each other for twenty years. _ _ _ you known each other?I havent seen you for a long time. _ _ _ I seen you? Exercise 3：用for和since填空。_ two years, _two years ago, _last moth, _4 hours_1999, _yesterday, _four oclock _an hour ago_we were children, _lunch time, _she left here1 He has lived in Nanjing_the year before last.2. Ive known him _ we were chilren.3. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.4. Our teacher has studied Japanese _three years.5. Its about ten years _ she left the city.选择题：1. Ive been like this ever since_.A. last week B. for a week C. a week before D. the last week2. My mother has worked in this factory _two years.A. about B. for C. in D. since3. I havent heard form him_last week.A. since B. for C. ago D. before4. His father joined the party_.A. for three years B. since three years agoC. three years ago D. in two years ago5. He moved here in 1999, and he has been here_.A. at that time B. for five years agoC. since four years D. for four years6. Tom has been away from home_about five days ago.A. B. in C. since D. for四、句式：主句（现在完成时）+since+从句（一般过去时）Exercise 4：1. She _ English in our school ever since she_here.A. has taugh, come B. taught, cameC. has taught, has come D. teaches, has come2. Our English teacher_ in our school since he _to China.A. has taught, came B. taught, come C. has taught, has come D. teaches, hascome3. She _ in Quanzhou since she _ born in 1980.A. has lived, has been B. has lived, was C. lived, has been D. lived, was五、句式：Its +一段