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精选例题指代题原则:寻找词义的对应。绝不审题,找对应!诡计:1、and并列,主语对应主语逻辑关系,迅速定位,词义对应所见即所得 2、宾语对应宾语对应宾语,还有可能代前一句的主语,如果前一句是主系表。理解型-同义替换 如,This one is better. I like it. 逻辑关系,迅速定位,词义对应 3一般往前找,范围一般在两句之内;如果有解释说明的(有where、who引导的)对应在后面。验证:代入重读,单复数,动词结构。例题3-01What does the undefined word it /this/they/themin Paragraph X refers to?The underlined word it /this/they/them/(paragraph X) refers to _. What does the underlined phrase/words “XXX”(paragraphX) refer to?例题3-02(06天津卷B)所见即所得 Dave rowed steadily ahead, relying on a mental picture of the surroundings. The mist began to rise slowly and then it soon rested inches above the still surface of the lake. The heavy silence was now being broken by the fish breaking through the surface as they leaped out of the water for low-flying insects.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to_. A.fish B.boat C.silence D.mist出题点:并列and。词义的对应,主语对应主语长难句分析: The heavy silence was now being broken/ by the fish breaking through the surface/ as they leaped(跳) out of the water for low-flying insects.Still:静止的,平静的例题3-03(05湖北卷C)长难句的理解:主对主There are also rules which deal with the standard of services you getfrom ,say ,travel agents ,shoe repairers ,hairdressers and builders. These tell you what you should expect from any service you pay for.The underlined word “these”in Paragraph 2 refers to“_ Athe services Bthe workers Cthe goods Dthe rules自己做出题点:解释说明的主语是rules!词义的对应:主语对应主语。例题3-04(06四川卷A)所见即所得However, the quantity of serious writing which I produced all through my childhood would not add up to haft a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, and my mother took it down for dictation. I cannot remember anything about it except that it was about a tiger and the tiger had chair-like teeth a good enough expression. The underlined word“it” in paragraph 2 refers to_.A.the quantity of serious writing B.the writers first poemC.the writers childhood D.the tiger in the poem自己做出题点:并列and。词义的对应,宾语对应宾语。前后部分都是SVO Take down 记下、写下。例题3-05(07福建卷E)所见即所得 While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood (心情) of dogs. Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they required to approach .The underlined word they refers to_. A.the dogs B.the trainers C.the systems D.the researchers长难句分析:Computer and video systems, (for example,) could be used by professional dog trainers/ to determine the mood of dogs that they required to approach./ 这里的that修饰的是the mood of dogs.SVO+to不定式+that修饰to不定式里的,所以they指代的是O。While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood (心情) of dogs. 双重否定表肯定,while在这里表示转折,虽然,然而,在作在.的时候的意思的时候,也表示为,做一个对比:while男子打仗在边关,女子纺织在家园。两个动作对比。例题3-06(07天津卷D)所见即所得 In meditation(冥想),people sit quietly and focus their attention on their breath. As they breathe in and out ,they attend to their feelings. As thoughts go through their minds,they let them go. Breathe. Let go. Breathe. Let go. (呼吸呼吸)The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refers to _. A. feelings B. minds C. people D. thoughts自己做句子分析,as.是状语,主语是they,宾语是them,动作是go。as句中是thoughts在go,所以them对应的是thoughts。Breath n.呼吸 breathe v .呼吸Attend:出席,上(课),照料,attend to:致力于例题3-07(08全国卷一A)所见即所得 The next day dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told me quite a few stories about his own childhood. Although our times together became easier over the years, I never felt closer to him at that moment. After so many years, Im at last seeing another side of my father. And in so doing, Im delighted with my new friend. My dad, in his new home in Arizona, is back to me from where he was. The underlined words “my new friend” in the last paragraph refer to .A. the authors son B. the authors fatherC. the friend of the authors father D. the caf owner自己做出题点:并列and。词义的对应,往前找,another side =new friendin so doing:这样一来;这样做时;在这种情况下Delighted:de-加强语气,高兴的例题3-08(08福建卷B)所见即所得(句中解释who expect it at every turn)For years we have been told that encouraging a childs self-respect is important to his or her success in life, but child expert are now learning that too much praise can lead to the opposite effect. Praise-acholic eiklik kids who expect it at every turn may become teens who seek the same kind of approval form their friends when asked if they want to go in the backseat of the car .The underlined words “Praise acholic kids” refer to kids who are_.A. tired of being praised B. worthy of being praised C. very proud of
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