1998 6 22 ( ) 1998 8 90 , IUPAC . * . 1. 1) b, vc (a, o, u ), k, q, ch d f, p, ph g ( )hl ( ) m n r *s, c (i, e, y ), sht th j, x, z * . ar- - . 2) , , , , , , , o . 3) a ane an e er i o u , w e () ( )iuio ia eu y ( ) y ( ) , , 2. . transdi- - . tri- - . bi-icos-isocyclo-meso-abeo- retro-des-de- di-(-) . 3. -ate -ite - (亞)- . () thioate / thioite / 4. -ium - . () pyrazinium 5. (-ol, -al, -one, -yl ) . * phenol phenyl . () butanol hexanal pentanone butanyl silanyl 6. IUPAC o . () benz-anthracene (- ) benzaldehyde ( ) acetonitrile 7. -oic acid -ic acid - . () maleic acid pentanoic acid () benzoic acid ( ) thioic acid / 8. , , , . () methyl chloride / ethylene dibromide / ethylacetate / sodium hexanoate / sulfide -/- oxdie -/- 1. alkane, alkene, alkyne , , . * methane octane -ane - . () methane / ethane / ethene ethyne ( ) 2. -ane -an - - . () borane ( ) silane sulfane ( ) furan ( ) morphinan silanyl butane / sodium hydrogen heptanedioate 3. r . * ar- (亞)- - . () carboxylic acid ( ) carbaldehyde bornane norbornane formic acid ( ) formyl chloroform carbazide carbohydrazide arsine arsa- - 4. -er - . () ester ( ) ether / terpene 5. th , thio- ortho / . () sodium thiosulfate / threonine * ether ester / . 6. -ene - . () benzene ( ) toluene allene mesitylene indene acetylene xylene ( ) 7. -ide - . * imide , amido imido . () succinamide succinimide hydride carbazide carbohydrazide halide chloride sulfide cyanide 8.