大学英语（一）复习题Directions: There are six passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice. Passage 1 Who coined the term personal computer? The Oxford English Dictionary says Byte magazine used it first, in its May 1976 issue. But Yale Law School librarian Fred Shapiro decided to do some digging on his own-with help from JSTOR, an online electronic database for academic (学术的) journals. JSTORs arts and sciences archive (档案) offers scans of 5 million pages from 117 journals, some dating back 150 years. Using character-recognition software, JSTOR creates searchable files for each document (文件), allowing full-text searches across 15 academic fields. (S3) While searching for the origin of personal computer, Shapiro uncovered several competing claims. Stewart Brand, founder of Whole Earth Catalog, says on his Web site that he first referred to a personal computer in a 1974 book; and GUI pioneer Alan Kay is said to have used the term in a paper published in 1972. But a search on JSTORs general science archive turned up what Shapiro says is the earliest recorded use of personal computer, in the October 4, 1968, issue of Science. The issue contains a Hewlett-Packard advertisement for its new HP 9100A. The new Hewlett-Packard 9100A personal computer, the advertisement says, is ready, willing and able to relieve you of waiting to get on the big computer. The $4,900 device - a desktop scientific calculator equipped with magnetic cards-doesnt seem like much of a computer nowadays. And at 40 pounds, it wasnt very personal, either. But according to Shapiro, it was the first device to be called a personal computer.1. The term personal computer first appeared _.A in Byte magazine B in a Hewlett-Packard ad in ScienceC in a 1974 book D in a paper published by Alan Kay 2. What is JSTOR?AIt is an online database.BIt is an academic journal.CIt is a kind of computer software.DIt is a research organization. 3. Shapiro succeeded in his search for the origin of the term personal computer by _.Alooking into the Oxford English Dictionary Bdigging into magazines that are more than 150 years oldCscanning JSTORs general science archive on lineDocusing on academic journals such as Science4. With a HP 9100A, according to the Hewlett-Packard advertisement, you _.Acan easily get on the big computer.Bdont have to get on the big computerCcan save a lot of money.Dwill be willing and ready to do scientific work5. What do we learn from the passage about the first device that was called a personal computer?AIt looked very different from the PC we know today.BIt was small, light and easy to carry around.CIt was as efficient as a big computer.DIt relieved people of a great deal of tedious work Passage2 There are several ways of testing the intelligence (智力) of animals. In one test, some scientists put three plates on the table. While the animal watched, they put food under one of the plates. Then they took the animal away. Some time later, they brought it back to see if it remembered which plate had the food. The idea is to find out how long an animals memory can last. The scientists would try showing the plate to the animal one hour later, or two hours later, or even a full day later. They found out that chimpanzees and elephants have the best memory, and re-able to remember the correct plate for at least twenty hours. No other animal is close. Dogs come next, but they can only remember for nine hours. The scientists made a large maze (迷宫) and ran the chimpanzees and elephants through it. The maze was very difficult with many dead ends. It took the chimpanzees ten minutes to find their way out. The elephants needed half an hour. The test showed that chimpanzees are the cleverest animals. From this and other tests the scientists found out an animals intelligence depends on the size of its brain to the size of its body. The elephants brain is ten pounds, but this is only 1/600 of its body. A chimpanzees brain is about one pound, and its 1/120 of its body. So the chimpanzee has five times as much brain as the elephant more brain. 6. The first test was made to test an animals _.A. nose B. memory C. eyes D. patience 7. This passage tells us that elephants _. A. are the cleverest animals B. are cleverer than chimpanzeesC. have worse memories than dogs D. are less clever than chimpanzees 8. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Scientists have found out the secret of the intelligence of animals.B. Dogs are less useful than elephants.C. Chimpanzees and elephants have better memories than people.D. The heavier an animals brains is, the cleverer it is. 9. If an animals body is 2100po