河北邯郸2014届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解与书面表达素能训练5i.、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共0分）A1.2012山东卷AThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Naurusheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequenceothercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798.HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thenwhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900.Naurusrealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate（磷酸盐）ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichisaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate.Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastrip-mine.Whenacompanystrip-mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoil.Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Strip-miningtotallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.countries in the world. Every yearIn1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate.Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblemtheirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasalmostfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.56. Whatmightbetheauthorspurposeinwritingthetext?A. ToseekhelpforNaurusproblems.B. Togiveawarningtoothercountries.C. Toshowtheimportanceofmoney.D. Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar.57. WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?A. Richandpowerful.B. Modernandopen.C. Peacefulandattractive.D. Greedyandaggressive.58. TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom.A. soilpollutionB. phosphateoverminingC. farmingactivityD. whalehunting59. WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNaurusfinancialproblem?A.Itsleadersmisusedthemoney.B. Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland.C. Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney.D. Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.60. WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph?A. Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.B. Theleaderswilltaketheexpertswordsseriously.C. TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans.D. Thephosphateminesweredestroyed.【答案解析】【要点综述】文章主要讲述了太平洋岛国，瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛。56. B写作意图题。由文章第一段的Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Naurusheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequenceothercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.”可以看出，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选Bo57. C细节理解题。从第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛attractive;由第二段第一句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小岛上，过着平静的生活。故选Co58. B细节理解题。由最后一段的Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblemtheirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.可以看出“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐的过量开采”导致了生态灾难。故选Bo59. A细节理解题。由最后一段的Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.看出，是领导人不正确使用资金导致了财政问题。故选A。60. A推理判断题。文章最后告诉我们：Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland,也就是说：瑙鲁岛上的生态损失弥补起来需要大量的资金和时间，即选项所说的“修复起来很难”。故选A。B2.（2013兰州市诊断，B）“Ilikeyoursmile,butunlikeyouputyourshoesonmyface”.Acharmingwayofsaying“Keepoffthegrass”.Butcouldyoufigureitout?Orthis:WashClothingStoreforlaundry.TheyarebothtypicalChinglish,acombinationofEnglishvocabularyandChinesegrammar.Expressionssuchas“peoplemountainpeoplesea”,meansextremelycrowded,and“giveyousomecolortosee”,meaningapunishment,arewidelyknownandrecognized.ChinglishhasbeenattractingglobalattentioninrecentyearsasChinagrowsrapidlyinstatureontheworldstage,attractingbothfansanddetractors.TheBeijingSpeaksForeignLanguagesProgrammeandEnglishFirstChinaCompany,alanguagetrainerknownasEFEducation,jointlylaunchedacampaigntorootoutpoorgrammarandmisusedvocabularyindowntownBeijing.TheyargueChinglishisanembarrassmentthatweshouldletitdieoutatallcosts.“Itismeaningful,toallowthecapitalshowitsmostbeautifulhistoricalandculturalheritagetotheworld.MichaelLu,vice-presidentofEFEducationsaid,“sincethelaunchingofthecampaign,foreignteachersandstudentshadbeenverykeentovolunteerparticipation.Hebelievedsignswereveryimportantinpublicservices.Thesignsinsomeoldbuildingsconfusedforeignvisitors.”Chinglish,althoughthetargetofmuchcriticism,hasalsowonsupporterswhoregarditasaninterestingwayforforeignerstolearnhowChinesepeoplethinkandexpressthemselves.“ManyChinglishlogoscarryChineseelementsandtheywillenrichtheEnglishlanguage32-year-oldOliverRadtkesaid.Hehadevenpublishedabook“Chinglish:FoundinTranslation,“onth