高中英语语法 高考复习/学习专题讲义英语动词时态英语中表示“本想”的6种时态情况与过去完成时知识点总结英语中表示“本想”的6种情况1.用come / go等动词的过去进行时表示。如：We were coming to see you, but it rained (so we didnt).我们本打算来看你的，只是下起雨来了。I was trying to help but I screwed up again.我本想帮忙，反而又把事情搞糟了。2.用was were going to do sth表示。如：She was going to attend the concert last night, but she was too busy.她昨晚本想去听音乐会的，但她太忙了。3.用think, hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose等动词的过去完成时表示。如：I had meant to come, but something happened.我本想来，但有事就没有来。I had intended to speak, but time did not permit.我本想发言，但时间不允许。We had hoped that you would come to see us, but you didnt.我们本想你来看我们的，但你没有来。We had thought to return early but they wouldnt let us go.我们本想早回来的，但他们不让我们走。若不至于引导误解，有时也可用以上动词的一般过去时表示“本想”。如：I thought I could go, but I cant.我原以为我能去，但我（现在）去不了。I meant to reason with you, but you wont reason.我本想和你讲道理，但你不肯讲道理。He hoped to come with us, but he was too busy.他本想同我们一起来的，但他太忙了。4.用hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose的过去式后接完成式不定式表示I expected to have come early, but I missed the early bus.我本来想早点来的，但未赶上早班车。I meant to have told you about it earlier, but I could not come.我本想早点把这事告诉你，但是我来不及了。比较同义表达：We had intended to go to London.=We intended to have gone to London.我们本来打算到伦敦去的。5.用would have done表示。如：I would have written before, but I have been ill.我本想给你写信的，但我生病了。I would have preferred a bed, but beggars cant be choosers so I slept on the sofa.我本想要张床,但是叫花子不能挑肥拣瘦,所以我就睡在沙发上了。6.用should would like love have done表示。如：I should like to have seen it (but it wasnt possible).我本想事前看到的(但这不可能)。I would like to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.昨晚我本想去参加晚会的，但我要加班写一个报告。Id love to have taken him round the factory, but I was too busy.我本想带他去厂里看看，但我太忙了。使用过去完成时的必要性和非必要性过去完成时的基本用法是表示“过去的过去”，但是，我们不一定非得用过去完成时表示过去先发生的事件，因为有时句意十分清楚，例如：After I finished, I went home.我做完后就回家了。在关系从句中，动作的顺序也往往很清楚。例如：I wore the necklace (which) my grandmother (had) left me.我戴着祖母留给我的项链。我们通常都用一般过去时表示依次发生的事件：I got out of the taxi, paid the fare, tipped the driver and dashed inot the station.我走下出租汽车，付了车费，给了司机小费，就跑进火车站去。“I came, I saw, I conquered,”Julius Caesar declared.尤利叶斯凯撒宣称：“我来了，我看见了，我征服了。”但是，有时我们使用过去时和过去完成时必须十分准确，特别是用when的时候：When I arrived, Anne left.我到时，安妮走了。(即两个动作同时发生)When I arrived, Anne had left.我到时，安妮已经走了。(即在我到达之前；两个动作先后发生)第一个句子表示，我见到了安妮，不管时间有多短；第二句表示，我根本没有见到安妮。学科网（北京）股份有限公司