高三英语第一轮模拟考知识点 1. 对在句中作时间、条件、缘由还是别的状语不是很清晰。 2.分不清何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词。 解决方法： 1.理解分词作状语时可以转换成相应的状语从句。 2.分清何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词。 用法讲解： 1. 分词或分词（短语）作状语时，可以表示时间、缘由、让步、条件，方式或伴随状况。通常可转换成相应的状语从句;表示方式或伴随状况时可以转换成并列句或非限制性定语从句。例如： Put into use in April 2000 (=When it was put into use in April 2000), the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. 分词短语作时间状语 Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network (=Because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network), Alice was in low spirits. 分词短语作缘由状语 Given time (=If he is given time), hell make a fist-class tennis player. 分词短语作条件状语 We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, thinking that all children like these things. (= and think that all children like these things.) 分词短语作伴随状语 2. 有时为了强调，分词前可带when, while, if, though, as if, unless等连词一起作状语，以便使（句子）的意思更清晰、更连贯。例如： When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. Though tired, he still continued reading. 3. 现在分词和过去分词作状语时的用法比拟。 不管是现在分词还是过去分词单独作状语，其规律主语必需与主句的主语全都。分词作状语通常可转换成一个相应的状语从句或并列句，假如状语分句或并列句中的谓语动词为被动构造，就用过去分词;假如状语分句或并列句中的谓语动词为主动构造，就用现在分词。例如： When compared with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. 分词局部相当于When the biggest ocean is compared with the size of the whole earth, 主语与分词是被动关系，所以用过去分词。 When comparing it with the size of the whole earth, we find that the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. When we compare it with the size of the whole earth. 主语与分词是主动关系, 所以用现在分词。 Faced with a bill for$10,000(=Because he is faced with a bill for$10,000), John has taken an extra job. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always saying the same thing (= and he would say the same thing). 留意： 1. 现在分词有两种时态：一般式doing和完成式having done。一般式通常表示与主句的谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或无先后;完成式则强调分词所表示的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作。如： While walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.(同时发生) Having waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (“等待”先于谓语动词“意识到”) 2. 分词的否认式的构成: not +分词。 Not having received a reply, he decided to write again. 高三英语第一轮模拟考学问点2 1) quite 相当;quiet 宁静地 2) affect v. 影响, 假装;effect n. 结果, 影响 3) adapt 适应;adopt 采纳;adept 内行 4) angel 天使;angle 角度 5) dairy 牛奶厂;diary （日记） 6) contend 奋斗, 斗争;content 内容, 满意的;context 上下文;contest 竞争, 竞赛 7) principal 校长, 主要的;principle 原则 8) implicit 含蓄的;explicit 明白的 9) dessert 甜食;desert 沙漠v 放弃;dissert 写论文 10) pat 轻拍;tap 轻打;slap 掌击;rap 敲，打 11) decent 正经的;descent n 向下, 血统;descend v 向下 12) sweet 甜的;sweat 汗水 13) later 后来;latter 后者;latest 最近的;lately adv 最近 14) costume 服装;custom 习惯 15) extensive 广泛的;intensive 深刻的 16) aural 耳的;oral 口头的 17) abroad 国外;aboard 上(船，飞机) 高三英语第一轮模拟考学问点3 1. Since从句为非连续性动词的过去时或现在完成时，时间的起点应当从从句动作完成时刻算起。 例如： Things have changed a lot since I wrote to you last time. 自我上次给你写信之后，状况已发生了很大的变化。 She has lived with us since she has come here. 自从她来到这里，就始终和我们住在一起。 2. Since从句为连续性动词的一般过去时，表示动作或状态的完毕。其含义与动词的词义恰好相反，具有否认意味。 例如： All has changed since he was at home. 自从他离开家以后，这里的一切都变了。 I havent written to her since she lived in London. 自从离开伦敦以来，我还没有给她写过信。 He has never been to see me since I was ill. 自从我病愈以来，他始终没有来看我。 Two years have passed since I last smoked. 我戒烟已经两年了。 但假如since从句是连续性动词的现在完成时，则表示动作由开头连续至说话的时候，具有确定意味。 例如： He has never been to see me since I have been ill. 自从我生病以来，他始终没有来看我。 She has talked little since she has stayed at home. 自从她呆在家里以后，就很少讲话。 Since we have owned a car， we have gone camping every year. 自从我们有了汽车后，年年都去（野营）。 3. 在现代英语中，since从句是连续性动词的一般过去时，有时候也可以表示确定意味。此时，多半用ever来加强since的语义。 例如： She has known me ever since she was a child. 她从小就熟悉我了。 I have live here ever since I was born. 我生下来就住在这里。 4. 在it is+时间+since从句构造中，since从句是非连续性动词的一般过去时，含有确定意味。 例如： It is three years since her husband left her. 她丈夫离开她已经3年了。 It is over sixty years since the Peoples Republic of China was established. 中华人民共和国已经成立60多年了。 5. 在it is+时间+since从句构造中，since从句是连续性动词的一般过去时，含有否认的意味。 例如： It is three years since she stayed here. 她离开这里已经3年了。 How long is it since you were a league member? 你_有多久了? 6. 在it is+时间+since从句构造中，since从句是现在完成时或过去完成时，均含有否认意味。 例如： It is five years since we have seen her. 我们已经5年没有见她了。 It was years since I had seen her. 在那之前，我已经有好久没有见到她了。 Its been a long time since Ive seen you. 我已经很久没有见到你了。 另外，依据英语惯用法，since从句不行以否认形式消失。 例如