2020学年人教版英语精品资料课时作业(十四)Unit 4Astronomy：the science of the starsSection Warming Up & ReadingLanguage Points(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！).单句语法填空1She is_(like) her mother；she is tall and her mother is very short.答案：unlike2It is generally accepted that smoking is_(harm) to our health.答案：harmful3Some_(violence )scenes in the film were cut when it was shown on television.答案：violent4The_expression on his face suggested that he was not able to work out the_problem.(puzzle)答案：puzzled；puzzling5We should try to prevent the rare animals from_(hunt)答案：being hunted6It is the third time that the president_ (come) to China for a visit.答案：has come7_makes the things worse is that he has lost his patience.答案：What8The new law makes_possible for us to get more chances in the country.答案：it9In summer the house will be too hot for the old man_(live) in.答案：to live10Social attention should be paid to preventing our earth from_(pollute)答案：being polluted.阅读理解Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago.He studied the observations of comets (彗星) which other scientists had made.The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical (数学) problem.He could not figure it out.Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.However，Halley had a friend named Newton，who was a brilliant mathematician.Newton thought he had already worked out that problem，but he could not find the papers on which he had done it.He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse (椭圆)Now Halley set to work.He figured out (解决；计算出) the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.He made a surprising discovery.The comets that had appeared in the years 1531,1607，and 1682 all had the same orbit.Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.This seemed very strange to Halley.The different comets followed the same orbit.The more Halley thought about it，the more he thought that there had not been three different comets，as people thought.He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.The comet had gone away and had come back again.It was an astonishing idea！Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction (预言) of what comet would happen in the future.He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky.Halley did not see it，for he has died some years before.Ever since then that comet has been called Halleys comet，in his honor.语篇解读本文主要介绍了天文学家哈雷和他的重大发现。并介绍了彗星以哈雷为名的由来。1Halley made his discovery_.Aby doing experimentsBby means of his own careful observationCby using the work of other scientistsDby chance解析：细节理解题。由文中第三段“He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.He made a surprising discovery.The comets that had appeared in the years 1531,1607，and 1682 all had the same orbit.”可知应选C。答案：C2Halley made a surprising，but correct prediction in the year_.A1704 B1705C1706 D1707解析：数字计算题。第五段中的“He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested.”这句话告诉我们：他预言彗星出现的时间是1758年，而这个预言还要经过53年才能验证，由此可以推断出哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年。答案：B3This passage in general is about_.AHalley and other scientistsBthe orbit of a cometCNewton and HalleyDHalley and his discovery解析：主旨大意题。文章的中心就是哈雷以及他的发现。答案：D4Which of the following is TRUE?AEdmund Halley was an American scientist.BHalley made his discovery by doing experiments.CNewton was a famous mathematician.DThe orbit of a comet had the shape of a circle.解析：推理判断题。从文章首句可以看出A项错误；从第1题的分析中可知B项也错误；牛顿告诉哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，可排除D。答案：C.完形填空It surprised meevery time I saw Joe，he was smiling.It didnt_1_whether he had to stop at a stop light，or if he were the seventh person in_2_at the bank，and the service stopped just before he got there.Joe_3_smiled.It made me wonder why he seemed so_4_every day.Having observed Joe with other people，I_5_something else also.Joe asked people how they were doing，and really seemed to listen to their_6_.If someone was hurt，he had_7_and kind words for him and offered to_8_in any way he could.It made me think.What if I tried to smile more？A(n)_9_began when I went to the grocery store.I smiled as I went up and down the aisles.and people I didnt even_10_smiled back at me.Some even_11_！A little kid in the cart (购物车) who was giving his mother a_12_time saw me smile and_13_talking.and，you guessed it.He made a shy little attempt at a smile.The man in the handicapped (残疾的) cart_14_ a person to reach something.I could get that for him.The smile even transferred over to him，and he_15_me.As I drove home，I was smiling.I _16_wha