宾语从句中的陈述语序宾语从句-时态 1主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。2主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。3主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。宾语从句-连接词 1连词that：只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略。He knew（that）he should work hard 2连词whether或if：它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，口语中多用if。Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning？3连接代词who，whom ，whose，what， which：它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有其自己的意义。The teacher asked the new student which class he was in？（which引导宾语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰class，意为“哪个”。） 4连接副词when，where， why，how：起连接作用，分别作时间、地点、原因、方式状语，各有其自己的意义。I wonder where he got so much money对他从哪里弄到那么多钱我感到疑惑。（where在从句中作地点状语，修饰got，意为“哪里；什么地方”。宾语从句-类型 一 陈述句充当宾语从句： 陈述句充当宾语从句用that引导，that可以省略。 简单句：She was much better.Lily said. 从句：Lily said that she was much better.(Lily 说她好多了) 二一般疑问句充当宾语从句： 1一般疑问句充当宾语从句用if 或whether引导，从句应采取陈述句的语序。 简单句：I wonder. Can Jack swim in such a wide river ? 从句：I wonder whether Jack can swim in such a wide river.2. whether引导宾语从句时可以和if互换，但是下列情况只能用whether。 1）介词后的宾语从句用whether引导。 Im worrying about whether she will come. （我在担心她是否会来。） 2）宾语从句提前时，用whether引导。 Whether you can come, I dont care.（我不介意你是否能来） 3）后面紧跟or not时， 应用whether引导。 We dont know whether or not she will like the gift. (我不知道她是否会喜欢这个礼物。) 4）与代替从句的不定式连用时，应用whether引导。 I dont know whether to go or stay.(我不知道是去还是留) 5）在discuss, wonder后做宾语从句时，用whether引导。 We are discussing whether we will put off the meeting. (我们正在讨论是否推迟会议)三.特殊疑问句充当宾语从句： 特殊疑问句充当宾语从句时，保留原来的疑问词，并改为陈述句的语序。 简单句：Whose book is this ? Her brother asked. 从句：Her brother asked me whose book this was .四、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句He told us that they would help us though the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的. 部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:make sure确保 make up ones mind下决心 keep in mind牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.it代替的宾语从句动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要. 有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.五、介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知六、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedHe is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望