高中语法-定语从句专题一、思想上要重视：定语从句是高中英语的第一个语法，也是高中英语学习的瓶口，可以说进退在此一举。表现： 1、阅读中句子的必要成分 2、作文中的点睛之笔。 3、试题中的必考部分： (高考年复现率达100%)二、主要知识点分布 1.which/ that的区别(记忆运用) 2.that/who的区别(记忆运用) 3.whose的特殊用法(记忆运用) 4.when/where用法及与which/that的区别 5.as/which用法(记忆区别运用) 6.The same.as/that的区别(记忆区别运用) 7.Suchas/that区别(知识综合运用) 8.reason.way等特殊先行词的用法(记忆分析运用) 9.介词+which/whom的特殊用法 10.定语从句的省略三、考点分布全国卷分析1.when/where-which/that 特别是where及其特殊先行词的用法Case/ situation/ point/ stage/ business_2. 介词+which/whom 的四种情况3. as 用法as/which引导非限定性定语从句 as 引出限定性定语从句 4. reason, way等 特殊先行词用法。5.常考易错的6种情况6.定语从句中的时态 7. 定语从句与it句型、同位语从句、状语从句的区别8. 定语从句中拆搭题的应用 9. 定语从句中标点题的应用10. 定语从句中的插入和分割对引导词和先行词的影响 11. 定语从句与不定式的完美结合12. 定语从句的倒装应用13. 定语从句与其他从句的区别四、总体应对策略 1.抓标点(首印象)- 定限定性和非限定性定语从句2. 去伪存真- what 和how 不能引出定语从句3.找到先行词- 还原到定语从句中4.看先行词在定语从句中的成分5.定引导词 - 得出答案 五、基础把握：找到先行词，分析其在定语从句中的成分，明确引导词用法1. Translate the following sentences and pay attention to the attributive clause. The man (that/ who )breaks the rules is punished. The boy(whom/ that ) we say yesterday was his brother. The car (that/ which/ )he bought was destroyed in the earthquake. Corn is a useful plant (that/ which) can be eaten by both people and animal. I have three sisters, one of whom works in New York. I have three pens, one of which was bought in Beijing. Thats is the man whose house was burnt down. =that is the man of whom the house/ the house of whom was burnt down. The boss, in whose factory my father works, lost his car. I thought of my childhood when I played in the seaside. I know of a place where we can swim. I work in a business where almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.This is the reason why I was late.The man who came here yesterday came again. My sister, who is 20, works in a bank.总结：1. 定语从句的定义：定语从句的结构：2. 引导词 A. 指人： 指物：指时间： 指地点： 指原因：指方式： 指句子： B. 做主语： 做宾语： 做状语： 做定语：C. when的注意事项： D .where的注意事项： E .whose 的注意事项： F.不能用于定语从句的关系词：3.先行词 (从在定从中所做的成分，使用那些引导词的角度考虑) 人 物 特殊 4. 定语从句引导词的省略： 特殊：5. 定语从句的类型： 非限定引导词： 特点： 基础训练：把下列句子合成定语从句，注意能使用那些引导词1. The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him.2. Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.3. The man is my teacher. He is wearing a black shirt.4. The vase is beautiful. It was bought in Beijing.5. He is the student. I broke his pencil yesterday.6. The chair is being repaired now. The legs of the chair are broken. 7. This teacher is liked by all the students. I work with her son. 8. The boss had heard about the accident. Mr. King worked in his department.把所给出的单句尽可能多的合成为定语从句1. I have a bother. He works in Beijing. He is married.2. I have three computers. One of them was bought in Beijing. It needs repairing.把所给出的单句组合成一段话，注意使用定语从句1. Zhang Manyu is a Chinese. She is an actress. She is famous.She is from HongKong. She acted many films. HERO is one of the films.2. Li Hua is a student. She is a girl. She is 16. Her dad is a teacher.Her mother is a teacher, too. She is our monitor. She is very strict with us. This makes us angry. We all like her.关系词辨析1、that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下,只用that1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, few等不定代词时。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。Ive read all the books that are not mine. (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时This is the first book (that) he has read.4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。This is the very book that belongs to him.(5)先行词是who或who引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished.(6) 主句以There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didnt know the thing. (7) 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系代词用that. She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago.(8)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that.以避免重复Which is the book that you bought last week?(9)先行词既包括人有包括物时They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school2、that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用which(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前） Those are many trees under which they can have a rest.(2) 在非限制性定语从句中 Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.(3)一个句子中有两个定语从句时，一个用which一个用that,以避免重复Let me