2022年6月英语四级语法知识点：非谓语动词【手机用户】点击进入免费试听【CET4】 * 【CET6】【电脑用户】点击进入免费试听四六级考试课程！非谓语动词1)动词不定式只能接不定式做宾语的动词有：decide,hope,learn,manage(准备),offer,prepare,agree,refuse,fail(未), pretend,happen(碰巧),promise,plan(准备，打算)a)测试作宾语时不定式带补语的构造这种构造的常用动词有：find、think、consider、make等，根本句型是：v.+ it + adj + to do例Do you consider wise to ignore himA.it isB.it to beC.it as beingD.itb)不定式在svoc句型中的应用解题的关键是记住带不定式作宾语补足语的动词，如：ask、tell、allow、enable、expect、get、require、request、cause、urge、want、force、order等。例They dont allow in the library, but they allow people in the restroom.A.to smoketo smoke B.smokingsmoking C.to smokesmoking D.smokingto smokec)不定式作定语的用法(1)与其他非谓语形式或谓语形式的区分例The question tomorrow is whether income tax should be increased.A.to be debatedB.debatesC.debatingD.debated(2)介词的使用例The boys father bought him a large toy train .A.which to play with B.to play with it C.to play withD.at which to playd)不定式的时态、语态不定式完成时表示不定式动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，不定式被动语态表示不定式的规律主语是其动作的承受者，be soory、be glad、seem或say、find、hear、report等动词的被动语态后加不定式完成时态较为常见。例1The new power station is reported within three years.A.to have completedB.to have beencompletedC.having been completedD.to complete例2Mr.Johnson preferred heavier work to do.A.to be givenB.to be giving C. to have givenD.having givene)不定式作状语例1The police inspector spoke to the little girl kindlt her.A.not to frightenB.in order to not frightenC.so as not to frightenD.so not as to frighten例2He moved away from his parents, and missedthem_ enjoy the exciting life in New York.A.too much toB.enough toC.very much toD.much so as to2)动名词a)只能接动名词做宾语的动词有：miss,mind,enjoy,suggest,practise,persist,quit,admit, appreciate,deny,escape,complete,fulfil,acknowledge,favour,delay, postpone, finish,avoid,prevent,recall,recollect,risk,considerb)只能接动名词的一些常用句型构造：Its no good/use/fun (in) doing sthThere is no need/point/use/sense (in) doing sth. be busy/be worth doing sth.have difficulty/trouble/problem (in) doing sthspend/waste time (in) doing sth cant help doing sthconfess to,object to,be opposed to,look forward to,contribute to,be used to,be devoted to,be dedicated to,lead to,refer to,equal to,stick to, belong to,thanks to,be accustomed to doing sthc)既可接动名词又可接动词不定式做宾语的有：接动词不定式和动名词作宾语而意义差异不大的动词：love,like, dislike,hate,begin,start,continue,intend,prefer,propose,etc.可跟动词不定式和动名词作宾语但意义有差异的动词：歧义动词中已讲。need,want,require,deserve + 动名词/+不定式被动态，表被动意义。The pencil needs sharpening.(to be sharpened)例1Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy for her examination.A.to prepareB.preparingC.to be preparedD.being prepared例2I appreciate to your home.A.to be invitedB.to have invitedC.having invitedD.being invited