第五章识别相似表达点拨英语中有些句式结构形相似而实不相同，命题者经常利用这一点来设计“陷阱”。此类题粗看起来非常类似某个熟悉的句式，极易造成学生思维错觉。做此类题不能粗心大意，要注重语境，理解句意，强化对易混句的辨析，有意识地改变思维定势。训练每小题2分；满分100分得分：_1.My father asked me _ I was getting on well with my classmates.Athat Bif Chow DwhatMy father asked me _ I was getting on with my classmates.Athat Bif Chow Dwhat答案BC：我爸问我“是否”与同学相处得好。故选B。：我爸问我与同学相处得“怎样”。故选C。2I have been informed of when we _ for London next year.Awill leave BleaveCleft Dhave leftLet me know the news when you _ in London next week.Awill arrive BarriveCarrived Dhave arrived答案AB中的when引导的是宾语从句，由next year可知选A。中的when引导的是时间状语从句，需用一般现在时表将来。故选B。3She is such a good teacher _ all of us love and respect.Athat Bsince Cas DwhoShe is such a good teacher _ all of us love and respect her.Athat Bsince Cas Dwho答案CAsuch.as和such.that的区别是：前者的as引导的是定语从句，as在从句中须作主语、宾语、表语等；后者that引导的是结果状语从句，that不作成分。中的love and respect后缺宾语，所以选C，中不缺成分，所以选A。4Ill go to Beijing on business tomorrow.Do you have anything _ to your son studying in Beijing University?Ato be taken Bto takeCtaken Dbeing takenYoull go to Beijing on business tomorrow.Do you have anything _ to your son studying in Beijing University?Ato be taken Bto takeCtaken Dbeing taken答案AB主语have sth.to be done表示该不定式的动作不是主语完成的，属于这种情况；主语have sth.to do表示“主语do sth.”，属于这种情况。5He is working in a factory.It _ a half year since he _ a college student.Ais；was Bhas been；becomeCis；became Dhas been；becameHe is studying in college.It _ a half year since he _ a college student.Ais；was Bhas been；becomeCis；became Dhas been；became答案AC在It is段时间since.句型中，since从句的谓语动词是延续性的，表示动作的终止；若since从句的谓语动词是短暂性的，则表示动作的开始。：选A，译为：他大学毕业半年了。：选C，译为：他读大学半年了。6I can still remember the very reading room _ we used to read in our younger days.Awhat Bwhich Cthat DwhereThis is the very room _ I slept in that evening.Awhere Bwhich Cthat Dwho答案DC：定语从句缺地点状语，故选D。：定语从句中的介词in后缺宾语，由于先行词前有the very修饰，所以只用“that”。7He got up early, _ to catch the train.Ato hope Bhoping Chope DhopedHe got up early _ the first train.Ato catch Bcatching Ccatch Dcaught答案BA：此处用现在分词表伴随状语，不选A的原因是，hope这个词本身就有“目的”的意味，一般不用to hope表示目的，再者，前面有逗号一般也不用表示目的不定式。：不定式表示目的。8_ nice, the food was sold out soon.ATasted BTastingCTo taste DBeing tasted_ carefully, the mixture was bitter.ATasted BTasting CTaste DTo taste答案BA：由于nice是形容词，可以确定taste是系动词，系动词一般不用被动，可以排除A、D。如果选C，则表示目的，显然不对。故选B，现在分词作原因状语。：由于受副词carefully修饰，此处的taste是行为动词，与主语mixture是动宾关系，故选A。9All the students _， the report began.Awere seated BseatedCwere sitting Dsat downAll the students _， and the report began.Ahad seated BseatedCwere seating Dsat down答案BD：逗号后没连词，说明这是独立主格结构，此空不可填谓语动词。：and连接两个并列句，seat是及物动词，即可排除A、C。10Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer.Ato invent Bto have invented Cinventing Dhaving inventedCharles Babbage always considered _ the first computer.Ato invent Bto have invented Cinventing Dhad invented答案BC中的consider“认为”，此空需填不定式作主补，可排除C、D，由于“发明”的动作先于“认为”，故用不定式的完成式。中的consider“考虑”，其后一般可跟动名词而不跟不定式作宾语，所以选C。11Strange enough, she found her wallet _ she lost it.Awhere Bwhen Cin which DthatStrange enough, she found her wallet in _ was once ao old temple.Awhere Bwhen Cwhat Dthat答案AC：where引导地点状语从句。：what引导宾语从句，what在宾语从句中又作主语。12It was July 1, 1997 _ saw the return of Hong Kong to the motherland.Athat Bwhen Cwhich Din whichIt was on July 1, 1997 _ I saw the return of Hong Kong to the motherland.Athat Bwhen Cwhich Din which答案AA：是定语从句，July 1, 1997是先行词。：是一个强调句，强调on July 1, 1997。13The doctor, _ help the engineer managed to invent a new instrument, was praised.Athat Bwith whoseCwho DwhomThe doctor, _ helped the engineer invent a new instrument, was praised.Athat Bwith whoseCwho Dwhom答案BC：with whose help表示“在医生的帮助下”，whose作定语修饰help。：句中是非限制性定语从句，即可排除A，此空缺主语，故选C。14This book is very interesting.Where did you buy it? I will buy the same book _ you have bought.Awhich Bas Cthat DwhatTo my surprise, I did find the same wallet _ I had lost the day before.Awhich Bas Cthat Dwhat答案BCthe same.as表示“同类”；the same.that表示“同一”。15The house neednt _.Ato clean BcleaningCbe cleaned Dto be cleanedThe house doesnt need _.Aclean BcleaningCbe cleaned Dcleaned答案CB中的need 是情态动词，后跟动词原形，可排除A、B、D。中的need是行为动词，所要填的动词与主语存在动宾关系，可用动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式，所以选B。注：C项前加to也正确。