直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）.直接引语和间接引语的定义。直接引语：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语，间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。直接引语前后加引号；间接引语不必加引号。He said, I m a student.直接引语 ）He said that he was a student.（间接引语）主句从句主句从句.当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时，首先要注意用特殊疑问词，其后用陈述语序的句子，同时注意人称、时态、时间状语，连接词，语序 的变化.（一）人称的变化规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。一随主引号内的第一人 称变间引后与主 句主语的人称保持一致He says, 1 like math very much . t He says that he likes math very much .二随宾引号内的第二人称变间引后与 主句宾语的人称保持一致He said to Lily, “ you must get up early t He told Lily that she must get up early三不用变引号内的第三人 称在变间引后去 人称不变She said to me , “ They want to help him t She told me that they wan ted help him（二）.时态变化宾语从句时态变化规则：主现从不限：主过从四过 （即4种过去的时态：一般过去时：过去进行时：过去将来时：过去完成时）；客观真理，只用一般现在时。1. 主句一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。2. 主句过去时，从句用相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改成 一般过去时；现在进行时改成过去进行时；一般将来时改成过去将来时；一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完 3. 主句过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。Teacher told us: The moon moves round the earth.Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.主句的时态从句的时态例句一般现在时He says所需的任何时态He says, he likes math very much . t He says that he likes math very much一般过去时He said直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时He said, he is a student. ” He said that he was a student现在进行时过去进行时He said, “he is reading.t He said that he was reading一般将来时过去将来时He said, “he will go home t He said that he would go home一般过去时过去完成时He said, “ he went home t He said that he had gone home现在完成时过去完成时He said, “he has gone home tHe said that he had gone home过去完成时过去完成时He said, “ he had gone home t He said that he had gone home（三）时间状语变化直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethosenowthe ntodaythat dayto ni ghtthat ni ghtthis weekthat week时间状语yesterdaythe day beforelast weekthe week beforethree days agothree days beforetomorrowthe next day/ the following dayn ext weekthe n ext week/ the follow ing week地点状语herethere动词comegobringtake（四）连接词1 从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。2 .从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。3.从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how 等的疑问代、副词作连接词。注意：当who为主语时，句式为： who+谓语+其他直接引语连接词例句注意事项陈述句that（常省略）He said to me,“ you can help her.t He said to me (that) I could help her.1. 连接词：that2. 引述动词 said, said to sb told sb,等一般疑问句if / whether.“是否”He asked her; “ Do you love me?”t He asked her whether she loved him.1. 改为陈述语序”。2. 引述动词asked3. 去掉 Do, Does, Did改变 Are, Is, Will, Can 位置特殊疑问句特殊疑问词： what, who, why,how, which,whenHe asked his wife,“ How are you?t He asked his wife how she was.He asked me, “ What color do you like? t He asked me what color I liked.”1.改为陈述语序”2.去掉 Do, Does, Did改变 Are, Is, Will, Can 位置祈使句_LtA 冃定ask (tell) sb. to do sthHe shouted,“ Lily, Close the door.t He told Lily to close the door.1. 不用连接词2. 不改变时态。”3.无须考虑语序否疋ask (tell) sb. not to do sth.He said to me,“ Don t be late.t He asked me not to be late.注意：1.语序不变的有：What the matter with you?但 What sthe trouble with you? 的语序要变:-1）从句中有 or/ or not。例：连用。例：2.只用 whether : 2）与不定式to doI 3）在介词后。例：用法是有区别的，但当if/whetherWhat wrong with you?she asks whether he stayed。I can decide whether to tell him the n ewsthey are talk ing about whether they can afford the new house 同时出现在选项中的时候，我们要选whether 3.宾语从句语序：陈语述序，即：连接词+主语+谓语+其它。或连接词（此时连接词充当主语）+谓语+其它。陈述语序中：be动词、助动词、情态动词不能提到主语前。例：1）can you tell me where is the hospital 错） can you tell me where the hospital is.对）2）I don know whether does he speak Chinese错）I don k now whether he speaks Chin ese对）3）I am not sure what can he do 错）I am not sure what he can do 对）中考考点：时态、语序、连接词练习题一、填空，每空一词：1. “I am having supper,” . he saidHe said thathav ing supper.2. “I ve seen the film, ” Gina said to me.Gi name that shethe film.3. “I went home with my sister, ” she said.She said thathome with her sister.4. The teacher said,“ The sun is bigger tha n the moon.”The teacher said that the sunbigger tha n the moon.5. “I met her yesterday, ” he said to me.He told me that hemet her the day.6. “You must come here before five, ” he said.He said that Ito gobefore five.7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,” she said.She said that shebought the computer two weeks8. “ Did you read the book last week? ” he said.HeI had read the book the week.9. He said, “ You can sit here, Jim. ”HeJim that hesit there10. He asked,“ How did you find it, mother?”He asked her motherfound it.11. “Where have you been these days? ” he asked.He asked mebee ndays.12 “ Do you know where she lives? ” he asked.He askedknew where she.13. “ Keep quiet, children. ” he said.Hethe childre nquiet.14. “ Don t look out of tlwindow, ” she said.She told meout of the wi ndow.15. “Are you interested in this?” he said.HeI was in terested in.二、选择：1. Our teacher asked usour dict ion aries to school.A. bringB. broughtC. bringD. to bring2.