List of Abbreviations缩写清单Abbreviation缩写 Meaning 含义A Abnormal (for partial safety factors) 反常工况（分项系数）C Condition of the serviceability 适用条件CRP Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic 碳纤维增强塑料Coh Coherence function 功能一致性DLC Design Load Case 设计负荷工况ECD Extreme Coherent gust with Direction change 方向改变的极限持续阵风ECG Extreme Coherent Gust 极限阵风EDC Extreme Direction Change 极限方向改变EOG Extreme Operating Gust 极限运行阵风EWM Extreme Wind speed Model 极限风速模式EWS Extreme Wind Shear 极限剪切风F Fatigue 疲劳FEM Finite Element Method 有限元方法FRP Fibre Reinforced Plastic 纤维增强塑料GRP Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic 玻璃纤维增强塑料GL Germanischer Lloyd 德国劳埃德船级社GL Wind Germanischer Lloyd WindEnergie GmbH 德国劳埃德船级社风能股份有限公司LDD Load Duration Distribution 负载持续分布N Normal and extreme (for partial safety factors) 正常和极限情况（对于分项系数）NTM Normal Turbulence Model 正常湍流模式NWP Normal Wind Profile 正常风速轮廓S Wind turbine class S (S for special) 风轮类别S（S表示特殊）T Transport, erection and maintenance (for partial safety factors and for the wind speed) 运输，树立和维护(对于分项系数和风速)U Ultimate limit state 最大极限状态Symbols and Units符号和单位Symbols and Units Used in the Guideline 本指南中所采用的符号和标准Symbol符号 Meaning 含义Unit 单位Remarks 备注A cross-section area (strength) 横截面（强度）reference surface (aerodynamics) 参考面（空气动力学）m A category for the higher turbulence intensity 高湍流强度的种类(see Section 4.2.2) AS stress cross-section 压力面m (see Section 5.3.3.4.1) a slope parameter 斜坡参数(see Section 4.2.2) B category for the lower turbulence intensity 低湍流强度的种类(see Section 4.2.2) b width (breadth) 宽度（幅度）mb1 opening width (arc measure) 开口宽度（弧形测量方法）m (see Section 6.6.7.2) C scale parameter of the Weibull function 韦伯函数指数m/s (see Section 4.2.3.1.1) CA coefficient of aerodynamic lift 升力系数CW coefficient of aerodynamic drag 阻力系数CM coefficient of aerodynamic moment 力矩系数Cia reduction factors for the material safety factor, short-term strength 材料安全因子，短期强度i from 1 to 4 Cib reduction factors for the material safety factor, fatigue strength 材料安全因子，疲劳强度i from 1 to 5 Cic reduction factors for the material safety factor, stability 材料安全因子，稳定性i from 1 to 2 Cid reduction factors for the material safety factor, bonding 材料安全因子，粘接i from 1 to 4 CIFF reduction factor for inter-fibre failure 内部纤维失效因子(cf. Section 5.5.3) cmax maximum blade depth 最大叶片深度m (cf. Section 4.2.4.2.3) cmin parameter for calculating the ice formation on the blade 叶片上结冰形态的计算参数m (see Section 4.2.4.2.3) D damage 损坏D, d diameter 直径m DQ damage contribution from vortex-induced transverse vibrations 横向涡激震动的损坏影响(see Section 6.6.6.1.5) DF damage contribution of the actions from the operating conditions 运行工况下损坏影响(see Section 6.6.6.1.5) d nominal bolt diameter 名义螺栓直径m (see Section 5.3.3.4.1) E E-modulus (modulus of elasticity) 弹性模量MPa, N/mm F force 力N Fi force acting in the direction i = x, y or z 力作用在方向上，i = x, y 或 zN (see Chapter 4, Appendix B) FSmax max. bolt force under extreme load 极限负载下最大螺栓力N (see Section 5.3.3.4.1) F0,2min bolt force at the 0.2 % elastic strain limit 0.2%的弹性拉力极限下的螺栓力N (see Section 5.3.3.4.1) f line force 线密度力N/mf frequency 频率1/s f = /(2) f0,n n-th natural frequency n次基频1/s n = 1, 2, fR maximum rotating frequency of the rotor in the normal operating range 正常运行范围内转子最大旋转频率1/s fR,m transition frequency of the m rotor blades 转子交变频率1/s G gust reaction factor 阵风作用因子G dead weight 固定负载/净负载N G shear modulus 剪切模量MPa, N/mm g area load from dead weight 固定负载下的面积负载N/m g acceleration due to gravity (=9.81m/s) 重力加速度（g=9.81m/s）m/s h height 高度m h1 opening height 运行高度m (see Section 6.6.7.2) I moment of inertia 惯性力矩m4 I15 characteristic value of the turbulence intensity for a mean wind speed of 15 m/s 平均风速15m/s时的湍流强度特征值(see Section 4.2.2) j casting quality level 阵风等级(see Section 5.3.3.4.3) j0 constant 常数(see Section 5.3.3.4.3) K modified Bessel function 修改过的Bessel方程KA application factor 运用因子(see Section 7.4.4.3.1) KF transverse load factor, root stress横向负载因数， 叶根受力(see Section 7.4.4.3.5) KF face load factor, root stress 面负载因子，叶根受力(see Section 7.4.4.3.4) KH transverse load factor, contact stress 横向负载因子，接触压力(see Section 7.4.4.3.5) KH face load factor, contact stress 面负载因子，接触压力(see Section 7.4.4.3.4) KV dynamic load factor 气动负载因子(see Section 7.4.4.3.2) K load distribution factor 负载分布因子(see Section 7.4.4.3.3) k flange gaps 法兰间隙m (see Section 6.6.7.1) k shape parameter of the Weibull f