Unit 4Meeting the muse.阅读理解 AEugene Newman Parker,a leading figure in heliospheric(日球层的)physics for the past half century,passed away peacefully at his home in Chicago on Mar.15.He was 94.Hailed(誉为)as a visionary in the field of heliophysics,Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system.NASA even stated that the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr.Eugene Parker.In 2018,Parker became the first living scientist to witness the launch of a spacecraft that was named in his honor.Parker is best known for his groundbreaking theory on the existence of a phenomenon called“solar wind”,a continuous stream of charged particles that flow off the sun.It can become violent,causing space weather that impacts Earth.When Parkers research was published in 1958,his theory was initially met with skepticism(怀疑)and ridicule by the scientific community.The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum(真空),and was thus completely empty of any matter.But,there were no errors in his study or his calculations,and the theory was later proven to be correct in 1962,when a NASA spacecraft mission to Venus revealed the constant presence of a supersonic windexactly as Parker had predicted.That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers:“If you do something new or innovative,expect trouble.But think critically about it because if youre wrong,you want to be the first one to know that.”Parker never co-authored a paper with his students,thus urging them to be independent.Parker was humble,straightforward,and wise.His son Eric said,“My sister Joyce and I didnt get a real feel for what a big dog our dad was in the field.”They got an even better sense when a month after Parkers death,they traveled to Lund,Sweden,to accept on his behalf the Crafoord Prize in Astronomy.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了太阳物理学的领军人物尤金纽曼帕克的贡献以及他对年轻人的影响。1.What can we learn from the second paragraph?A.A spacecraft was named in memory of Parker.B.The sun has fewer effects on Earth than expected.C.Parker deserved credit for his great contributions.D.NASA provided new insights into the lunar effect.答案 C解析推理判断题。根据第二段中“Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system.”以及“NASA even stated that the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr.Eugene Parker.”可知,帕克对整个太阳物理学领域做出了极大的贡献,他是值得赞扬的。2.Why did people view Parkers theory of“solar wind”skeptically at first?A.It went against the popular opinion at that time.B.Some mistakes were found in his calculations.C.The presence of a supersonic wind was proven by NASA.D.Matter was believed to exist in the space between planets.答案 A解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“When Parkers research was published in 1958,his theory was initially met with skepticism and ridicule by the scientific community.”以及“The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum,and was thus completely empty of any matter.”可知,人们起初对帕克的“太阳风”理论持怀疑态度,因为它违背了当时的流行观点。3.What did Parker suggest young researchers do?A.Seek close cooperation.B.Avoid high expectations.C.Learn by trial and error.D.Compete against others.答案 C解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers:If you do something new or innovative,expect trouble.But think critically about it because if youre wrong,you want to be the first one to know that.”可知,帕克给年轻人的建议是从错误和尝试中学习。4.What words can be used to describe Parker according to the passage?A.Straightforward and generous.B.Responsible and accessible.C.Intelligent yet conservative.D.Distinguished yet modest.答案 D解析推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hailed as a visionary in the field of heliophysics,Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system.”以及最后一段中“Parker was humble,straightforward,and wise.”可知,帕克是杰出但谦逊的。BTechnology is starting to give us superpowers once reserved only for comic book heroes like Spider-Man and Superman.We now live in an age of human enhancement and related technology has captured the attention of the media and investors.Some of these new technologies achieve their effects by means of electronic devices that connect our brains to external sources of knowledge,sensory data or physical power.We may not get chips implanted in our brains any time soon,but think about Google Glasswho needs an inserted chip when you can wear a computer on your head?Wearable technology doesnt only come in the form of a pair of glasses.A Japanese laboratory is working on a more practical prototype(雏形)of a muscle suit than Iron Mans shiny armor(盔甲).The muscle suit,called an exoskeleton,enables the sick and elderly to move around more easily,New Scientist magazine reported.Coveting(觊觎)the powers of Spider-Man,the US military is working on a“Spider-Man suit”that not only lets wearers climb vertical walls,but also allows them to sense approaching o