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2013高考英语单项选择答题技巧一、命题原则突出语境,强化语意,强调运用二、单项选择题命题特点覆盖面广,重点突出突出在语境中运用知识的考查淡化语法结构,重视能力三、英语单项选择解题技巧(一)分析句子结构1.This is the main use that the scientists make_ natural resources.A. in B. up of C. from D. of有些试题的考本来十分简单, 但命题者却通过使用定语从句,或者将我们十分熟悉的固定词组有意拆开,重新组合,使我们在结构上产生错觉。that the scientists make是定语从句,关系代词that是代表先行词use的,将其置入定语从句中,就得到that the scientists make use.显然是考查make use of 这一词组。正确答案是D。(二)找准关键词语2.It is_ any wonder that his friend doesnt like watching television much.A. noB. such C. nearly D. hardly此题的关键词是any, 因为any常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中,而此句不是疑问句,也不是条件句,所以应该是否定句。no本身就相当于not any,于是排除A。.因此,正确答案D(hardly=almost not)。(三)补全省略成分3.-What do you think made Mary so upset?- _her new bike.A. Lost B. As she lostC. LosingD. Because of losing口语中会使用一些省略句,作题是若将被省略的成分补充完整,答案就会一目了然。此题将答句补全,就是Losing her new bike made Mary so upset。显然,只能选C,用动名词作主语。(四)适当转换句式4.Mr. Wang ,whom would you rather _ the important meeting?Tom.A. have attend B. have attendedC. having attendD. have to attend有时将题干的句式转换成自己更熟悉的句式,就很容易选出正确答案。如:将疑问句、强调句、感叹句或倒装句改为陈述句,将被动句改为主动句,将无序句调整为正常句。此题若将疑问句改为陈述句,就是I have Tom attend the important meeting。其中would rather 后必须跟动词原形,have sb do sth.所以选A。(五)注意标点符号5.There are eight tips in Dr. Rogers lecture on sleep, and one of them is:_ to bed early unless you think it is necessary.A. doesnt go B. not to go C. not going D. dont go标点有时对我们作题有提示的作用。此题很容易选B,认为是不定式做表语。其实冒号已经表明后面是Dr.Roger讲的原话,这原话应当是个句子,只有选D才构成一个否定的祈使句。(六)删除干扰部分6.We agree to accept_ they thought was the best tourist guide.A. whichever B. whoeverC. whateverD. whomever就是将起干扰作用的定语从句、介词短语或插入语,如I think/ suppose/believe,do you think/ suppose/believe, you know,of course等删除,从而更容易地选出正确答案。此题去掉插入语they thought ,可知宾语从句缺主语,又能与the best tourist guide 搭配的,只有答案B。(七)利用对称结构7.English has a large vocabulary, hasnt it?Yes. _ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A. KnowB. KnowingC. To knowD. Known就是在作题的过程中要善于利用and, but等并列连词。若前面是个句子,后面也是个句子,反之亦然;若连接的是几个动词,这几个动词也必定是同一时态或同一形式。此题第二个and后面是个句子,所以前面也必定是一个句子,但是前面这个句子没有主语,只能选用动词原形,构成一个祈使句,因此答案是A。又如:On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, _some bananas and visited her cousin.A. bought B. buyingC. to buyD. buy(八)检查有无谓语8.He wrote five novels, two of _translated into English.A. it B. them C. which D. that有时看似有两个句子,于是就选连词,正好掉进命题人设计的陷阱。事实上,有时貌似句子的“句子”却没有谓语,其中的动词只是一个非谓语动词(多为分词)。此题很容易误选C,以为后面是非限制性定语从句。事实上, translated是过去分词,而不是谓语动词,后面不是句子,无须连词,所以答案是B。若在translated前加上were,were translated就是谓语,这时就 选连词which。(九)熟记固定搭配9.Mr. Smith used to smoke _ but he has given it up.A. seriously B. heavilyC. badly D. hardly在平时的学习中注意积累一些常见的固定句式、动词与副词的搭配、名词和形容词的搭配等。因为指烟瘾或酒瘾很重,要用heavy或heavily ,因此答案是B。此外,雨雪下得“大”、烟雾“浓”、交通“拥挤”、波涛“汹涌”等,也用heavy。(十)消除思维定势10.Everyone here will thank the firefighter for the things they have done to prevent fires_ the environment safer.A. make B. to making C. to make D. from making有些试题的题干,看上去好象就是固定搭配,我们高兴地完成以后,结果却做错了。要从句子结构上或者句子意思上分析,以免步入命题者设计的陷阱。此题容易误选D,以为是考查prevent sb. /sth. from doing 这一固定搭配的。其实,“使环境更安全”是“他们为防火所做的工作”的目的,所以用动词不定式,选C。(十一)查看有无连词11.If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, _means many more people in the world can enjoy it.A. as B. whichC. whatD. that若经查实,前后的确是两个句子,就要看其中一个分句是否已经用了连词。若已经用了连词,一般不选连词,若没有用连词,就一定要选连词。此题已有连词If,选D,若没有If,就选B, which引导一个非限制性定语从句。(十二)正确把握语境12. I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _.A. everything B. anythingC. something D. nothing有时孤立地看留空格的那个句子,好象多个答案都可以,但与上下句的意思联系起来,就会发现问题。因此,做题时一定要把握语境。此题答案选A。B答案的意思是I dont agree with anything 等于I agree with nothing.这就与前一分句的意思发生矛盾了。(十三)识别相似句型13. _is known to everybody, light travels much faster than sound.A. It B. As C. ThatD. What14._is known to everybody that light travels much faster than sound.A. It B. As C. ThatD. What15. _ is known to everybody is that light travels much faster than sound.A. It B. AsC. That D. What有的句型十分相似,若不仔细分辨,很容易出错。13题选B,as引导一个非限定性定语从句,先行词是后面整个句子。14题选A,it是形式主语, that引导主语从句;15题在that前加个is,则应选D, what引导的是主语从句, that引导的是表语从句。2013高考英语单词联想记忆一adventure ;n.& vt.冒险;词中词 :venture 冒险;投机 risk; danger; adventurous adj.喜欢冒险的;充满危险的airplane;n. 飞机;联想: aircraft 飞行器;飞机; disappoint ;v. 失望;泄气;词中词appoint 指定;委派argue ;vi. 争论;争吵; 近义debate discuss;brave;adj.勇敢的; 近义bold ;fearlesscare about担心;关心care for 喜欢;castvt.& vi.投掷;投射;抛 (cast,cast) 联想;broadcast 广播compass;n.罗盘;指南针;词中词 pass 通过;经过deserted adj.荒芜的;荒废的;为人所弃的; 联想:desert 沙漠; dessert甜点;drop sb a line给某人写信(通常指写短信)e-pal;;n.网友;联想:pale苍白的; e-friend;error ;n.错误;差错;false adj. 错误的;fault n.错误false; incorrect不正确的feeling ;n. 触觉;知觉;感觉;情绪; 近义emotion ;feel;touch;Fond; adj.喜爱的;喜欢的; ( be) fond of喜欢;爱好Fry;;vt. & vi.油煎;油炸 frying-pan; pot; tryGun;;n.炮;枪;联想: run; fun;Hammer;n.锤子;槌;词中词ham 火腿;联想: gram; grammarHandsome;;adj.英俊的;美观的; 近义beautiful; pretty;
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