亠般现在时:1. 构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。(1) 直接加“s”，works， takes(2) 以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”carry f carries以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”goes dresses watches brushes2. 功能：(1) 表现在的事实、状态或动作：eg: . Birds fly.She loves music.Marys parents get up very early.(2) 表习惯性动作或职业，常与 often, sometimes, usually, always, every week, seldom, occasionally, frequently等时间副词连用。eg: . I always take a walk after supper.She writes to me very often.Tom and his girlfriend go out to take a picnic occasionally.(3) 表客观真理，格言警句或事实：.The earth moves round the sun.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.Two and two makes four.No man but errs.人非圣贤，熟能无过。(4) 表将来：A. 在由 when, aft er, before, as, as soon as, alt hough, because, if, even if, in case, till, until, unless,so long as, where, whatever, wherever等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来发生的动作。(黄金重点，所有考试都不放过它!)例如： .Ill t ell her when shecomes to morrow. Even ifit rains this afternoon, Ill meet you.What ever happens, you should keep cool-headed.(不错的句型，背下！).Ill be righ t here waiting for you wherever you go.(很感人的句型!)B. 按时间表示将要发生的动作或事件，用一般现在时表达将来时概念。.The play begins at 6:30 this evening. When does the plane take off?.He leaves for that city next week. According to the timetable, the express train to Shanghai starts at nine in the morning. (按照时刻表，开往上海的特快列车早上7点出发。)【测试精编】1. The Browns a nice car and Browns brot her a nice jeep.A. have / have B. has / has C. have / has D. has / have2. If t heir house not like ours, wha t it look like?A. is / is B. is / does C. does / does D. does / is3. - you t hink he will come? - If it to morrow, he will not come.A. Do / rains B. Are / rains C. Do / will rain D. Are / will rain4. The little child not even know that the moon around the earth.A. do / move B. do / moves C. does / moves D. did / moved5. Many a st uden t fond of films, but a good st uden t seldom to the cinemaA. are / goes B. is / goes C. are / go D. is / go【练习答案】二现在进行时：is / am / are +现在分词1. 表示现在正在进行的动作。如.The kettle is boiling. Shall I make tea?.Dont you t hink you eat too much? Youre putting on weigh t体重增加）。.The workers are building a new bridge across the river.2. 表现阶段正进行的动作。.He is taking physics this semester（本学期）。. Weare preparing for our final examination this week.3. go, come, leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, join, etc.用于进行时态时表示即 将开始的动作。.Look! The bus is coming.看!车来了！.The old man is seriously ill, and he is dying. Alice is leaving for Beijing with her mother.4. 与always, forever, con tinually, cons tan tly等副词连用，表示说话人带有感*彩：赞赏或厌恶。.He is always thinking of others. （他总是想着别人。）.The boy is con ti nually making noises.（这男孩不断地发出吵闹声。）.The teacher is constantly （always） criticizing her for being late老师一直在批评她迟到。）5. 下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时。（此条戒律请背10遍！）believe（相信），doubt（怀疑），see（看见），hear（听见）,know（知道），understand （理解），belong（属 于），think（认为），consider（认为），feel（觉得），look（看起来），seem（看上去），show（显示），mind（介 意），have（有），sound（听起来），taste（尝起来），require（要求），possess（拥有），care（关心），like（喜 欢），hate（讨厌），love（喜爱），detest（憎恨），desire（意欲）【简单记忆】永远不要说Im believing.或He is seeing a house.再简单一点说，这些动词后面不要随意加 -ing.可怕的是：我们在写作及口语中常犯此类大错！注意：have a party / think about可以用进行时，因为这里have意为“举行” ;think意为“考虑”。 【测试精编】1. How can you If you are not ?A. listening / hearing B. hear / listeningC. be listening / heard D. be hearing / listening to2. The girl even wont have her lunch before she her homework.A. will finish B. is finishingC. had finished D. finishes3. Those who have applied for the post（职位） in the office. （此 题超前）A. are being interviewed B. are interviewingC. interviewing D. to be interviewing4. The old scientist to do more for the country.A. is wishing B. has been wishingC. wishes D. has been wished5. If he , dont wake him up.A. still sleeps B. is still sleepingC. still has been sleeping D. will be sleeping still【练习答案】1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B三.般过去时1. 表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。. We visited the school last spring.I went to school by bike when I was in middle school. China was founded in 1949.2在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中代替过去将来时。.She told me that she would not go with us if it rained the next day.They would not leave until she came back.My friend promised to marry me once she made her final decision.3. 般过去时，现在时和过去时的几组差异：（别以为这很简单，下面的差异你不一定明白。） Her brother was a chemist.（已去世） Her brother is a chemist.（尚健在） Thats all I had to say.（话已说完） Tha ts all I have to say.（言之未尽） It was so nice to see you.（离另U时用） It is so nice to see you.（见面时用） Jane did a lot of work this morning.（已是当天下午或晚上） Jane has done a lot of work this morning.（仍是上午）本句现在完成时，此乃后话！测试精编I：（用所给动词的正确进态填空）。1. Yesterday I （think） that you were not in Beijing.2. Alice usually （si t） in the front of the classroom, but she （si t） at theback this morning.3. He （tell） the news to us three days ago.4. He （begin） to t each Chinese in 199