How Far can Structural Grammar Go？【Abstract】TherearesomemisunderstandingsoftheroleofStructuralLinguisticsinrecentlinguistics.InordertomakeitclearwhetherStructuralLinguisticsisstillalivingtheory，thispaperreviewsthetheoryofStructuralGrammar，andanalysesAudiolingualMethodanditsrealization-patternteaching.TheconclusionisthatStructuralLinguisticsisstill，atleastinthefieldoflanguageteaching，influentialnowadays.【Keywords】StructuralGrammar；AudiolingualMethod；TheimportanceandapplicationofPatternTeaching【作者簡介】赵莉莉1981.6-，女，壮族，广西人，广西师范大学漓江学院，硕士，研究生，讲师，研究方向：英语教学，跨文化传播学。TheStructuralapproachtotheanalysisoflanguagewasstartedbytheSwisslinguistFerdinanddeSaussureinthebeginningofthetwentiethcentury.Inasense，allthelinguistictheoriesafterhimarestructuralinthatallregardlinguisticunitsasinterrelatedwitheachotherinastructuralorsystem，notasisolatedbits.HuZhuanglin，2020：119However，since1970s，StructuralLinguisticshavegivenrisetoTransformationalGrammar，whichisproposedfirstlybyChomskyandacceptedworld-widelyinthefieldoflinguisticstudy.Eventhose，whoworkinfieldslikephonologyorwithunitslikethemorpheme，donotdescribethemselvesasstructuralists.IsStructuralGrammarreallyout-dated？Doseitdieawaytotallyfromthenowadayslinguisticstudy？But“iflinguisticsisnolongerofficiallystructural，whysomanylinguistsandtheoriesarestillinfluencedbystructuralistideas，Matthews，2020：142namely，patternteaching.ThispaperbeginswiththerevisionofStructuralGrammar，andthendescribestheAudiolingualMethodinfluencedbyideasofStructuralLinguistics，andendsupwithdiscussionofsignificanceandapplicationofPatternteaching-onerealizationofAudiolingualMethod-inordertodepictthatStructuralLinguisticsisstillvaluableinrecentlinguisticstudy.1.StructuralGrammarStructuralGrammariansthinkthateverylanguagehastightstructuralwhichmakesthatlanguageaspecificsystem.Itisbecauseofmasteringthesystematicstructurethatpeoplecanunderstandandproducesentenceswhichtheyhaventheardbefore.Grammarshouldbeconstructedtodescribelanguagestructureanddisplaylanguagesystemobjectively.HeLinmei，2020：59ThestructuraldescriptionofEnglishbeginswithananalysisofthesoundofthelanguageingeneral，andthengoesontoisolatemutuallyexclusivegroupsofgrammardescriptionproceedstothenexthighestlevel，thewordstructuremorphologyofEnglish，whichinvolvestheisolationofthesmallestmeaning-bearingunits，themorphemes，whichmakeupthewordsofthelanguage.Finally，structuralgrammaranalyzesthephrasestructure，orsyntax，ofEnglish.Atthislevel，thegrammarianlooksforthevariouswaysinwhichcanbecombinedtoproducegrammaticalEnglishsentences.Lapalombara，1976Therefore，therewillbeasystem：somepatternsoforganizationwhichcontributetogrammaticalmeaning.AsFriesargued，asentenceisastructuralpatternwhichismadeupof“partsofspeechwhichcanbeidentifiedbothbytheirformalmarkersandbytheirpositionorpositionsinthepattern，thenwemusttestforallsentencepositionsinwhichthatpartofspeechcanoccur.Becausealanguagehasasystemforputtingitswordstogetherinmeaningfulrelationships，Englishsentencecanrangeinlengthfromoneortwotoatheoreticallylimitlessnumberofwords.Indeed，mostofthesentenceswhichmostofusspeakandunderstandareagreatdealmorecomplexthanwerealize.Yetwespeakournativelanguagewithoutconsciousthoughtaboutthegrammarrulesweusewhenweputoursentencestogether.Structurallinguistsbelievethatsuchlanguageabilityisalearnedprocess，madepossiblebytwofactors：1humanspowersofobservationandtheirhighlyevolvedbraincapacity，whichmakeitpossibleforthemtoreasoninductively；and2thestructured，highlyorganizednatureoflanguage.Towhatextentthesefactorsexplainlanguageacquisitionisopentoquestion，butisundeniablethatlanguageissystematicallystructured.2.AudiolingualMethodThereasonwhyStructuralLinguisticshasbeenpopularforalongperiodfrom1930sto1950sisthatitwaswidelyappliedintolanguageteachingandlearningandhadgotgoodeffects.LiuRunqing，2020：148ThetheoryoflanguageunderlyingAudiolingualismwasderivedfromaviewproposedbyAmericanlinguistsinthe1950saviewthatcametobeknownasStructuralLinguistics.AccordingtoStructuralLinguistics，languageisviewedasasystemofstructurallyrelatedelementsfortheencodingofmeaning，theelementsbeingphonemes，morphemes，words，structures，andsentencetypes.Theterm“structuralreferredtothesecharacteristics：1Elementsinalanguagearethoughtofasbeinglinearlyproducedinarule-governedstructuralway.2Languagesamplescouldbeexhaustivelydescribedatanystructurallevelofdescription.3Linguisticlevelsarethoughtofassystemswithinsystemsthatis，asbeingpyramidallystructured；phonemicsystemsledtomorphemicsystems，andtheseinturnledtothehigher-levelsystemsofphrases，clauses，andsentences.Inthissense，learningalanguage，itisassumed，entailsmasteringtheelementsorbuildingblocksofthelanguageandlearningtherulesbywhichtheseelementsarecombined，fromphonemetomorphemetowordtophrasetosentence.Hence，AudiolingualMethodcontainsfiveprincipleswhichreflectBloomfieldsidea.Theprinciplesare：1Languageisspeech；2Languageisasetofhabits；3Toteachinglanguageistoteachhowtolearnakindoflanguageratherthantorecognizeit；4Languageshouldbewhatnativespeak