Unit 2Poems核心单词conveyconcretecontradictory1_ vt.传达；运送2_ adj.具体的contradictioncontradict3_ adj.引起矛盾的；好反驳的_n矛盾；对立_ v反驳；驳斥；批驳4_ adj.灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的_n灵活；弹性flexibleflexibilitypattern5_ n模式；式样；图案6_ vi.& vt.取笑；招惹；戏弄teaseendless7_ adj.无穷的；无止境的_ n& v结束；终止_ n结尾；结局endending8_ n翻译；译文_ v翻译_ n译员translationtranslatetranslator9_ adv.最后；终于eventually10_ vi.& vt.转化；转换；改造；变换_ n转化transformtransformation11_ n悲伤；悲痛；懊悔_ adj.悲伤的12_ adv.永远sorrowsorrowfulforever13_ adj.适当的；正当的14_ n交换；交流；互换 vt.& vi.调换；交换15_ n赞助人；主办者；倡议者vt.发起；举办；倡议exchangesponsorchampionship16_ n冠军称号darknessdark17_ n黑暗；漆黑_ adj.黑暗的18_ n暖和；温暖_ adj.温暖的 v使暖和warmthwarmscholarshipload19_ n奖学金；学问；学术成就20_ n负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)_ adj.装载的；满载而沉重的_ v卸载loadedunloadappropriate常考短语nurserysensetakeeyesstay1_ rhyme 童谣2make _ 有意义；讲得通；有道理3cant _ ones _ off.无法将目光从挪开takeeasyrunoutmadeup4_ up 熬夜，不睡觉；挺立5_ it _ 轻松；不紧张；从容6._ _ of 用完transform7be _ of 由构成8_ into 变成particularholdtryletgorun9in _ 尤其；特别10_ on 坚持；忍受11_ out 测试；试验12_ out 发出；放走13_ over 复习14_ away 跑开经典佳句whyinawaythat1There are various reasons _ people write poetry.人们写诗歌的原因是多种多样的。2 Some poems tell a story or describe something _ _ _ will give the reader a strongimpression.有的诗歌以能给读者留下强烈印象的方式讲述一个故事或描述事情。Itisnot3_ _ _ a traditional form of Englishpoetry, but is very popular with English writers.它不是传统形式的英语诗歌，但是英国诗人很喜欢。poetry.Some 2._ (poem) give the reader a strongimpression.Others try 3._ (convey) certain emotions.Inthis text, some simple forms of English poems 4._(introduce)Such as nursery rhymes, which may seem 5._(concretely), but they are easy to learn and recite.List poems have aflexible line 6._ (long) and repeated phrases.Students can课文回顾whypoemsto conveyTherearevariousreasons1._peoplewriteare introducedconcretelengthalso write the cinquain, a poem 7._ (make) up of fivelines.Haiku is a Japanese form of 8._ (poet) with 17syllables.English speakers also translate Tang poems 9._English.With so many different forms of poetry to choose10._ ， students may eventually want to write poems oftheir own.madepoetryintofrom单句语法填空1 (2017 年北京卷 七选五型阅读理解)The processes takeplace to stop our brains becoming _ (load) with memories.2With so many different forms of poetry _ (choose)from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own.3The two haiku poems above are _ (translate)from the Chinese.loadedto choosetranslations4It is _ (easy) than you might think and certainlyworth a try.easier5 If Alfred had paid more attention at the time, he wouldnt_ (miss) her instructions.6If I _ (be) you, I would take it easy and go homeearly.have missedwereeventually7Any behavior that is repeated enough times will _(eventual) become a habit and happen automatically.8The story has a happy _ (end)ending9Standing on the bank, the children watched the ship loaded_ all kinds of goods.withflexibly10As a matter of fact, employees expect to work _(flexible) in the workplace.1convey vt. 传达；运送convey sth.to sb.向某人表达/传达convey sb./sth.from A to B 把某人或物从 A 地运送到 B 地convey ones feelings 表达某人的感情【写作佳句】In this letter，I would like to convey my sincere appreciation toyou for your help.在这里，我想要表达我对你的帮助的感激之情。运用单句语法填空(1)They took a more reasonable approach, _(convey) to their children how success at school could improvetheir lives.(2)His determined look conveyed his meaning that all theinjured should _ (convey) from the spot to thehospital at once.conveyingbe conveyedto(3)Please convey my good wishes _ your mother.2transform vi.& vt.转化；转换；改造；变换transform.into 把改变成transform.from 从中转变/转化transform ones life 改变某人的一生transform to a new place 搬到新地方transformation n转化；转换【写作佳句】It was an event that would transform my life.这是一件将改变我人生的大事件。运用单句语法填空(1)Every moment of every day, energy _(transform) from one form into another.(2)He has transformed his garage _ a guest house.(3)The movie transformed her almost overnight _ anunknown schoolgirl into a super star.is being transformedintofrom3appropriate adj.适当的；正当的be appropriate to/for 适于；合乎It is appropriate to do sth.做是恰当的。It is appropriate that.是恰当的。appropriately adv.适当地【名师指津】在“It is appropriate that.”句型中， 从句常用(should)do的谓语动词形式，表示虚拟语气。运用单句语法填空(1)This kind of food is appropriate _ children.(2)It is appropriate that he _ (act) as our guide.(3)It is not appropriate _ (ask) such personalquestions in an interview.for/to(should) actto ask4exchange n交换；交流；互换vt.& vi.调换；交换make an exchange 交换in exchange for 作为的交换exchange.for.把换成exchange sth.with sb.和某人互换某物【名师指津】exchange 与 change 做动词时，前者强调双方交换，后者则强调事物的属性或位置的改变。运用单句语法填空(1)I am going to travel abroad, so I have to go to exchangeRMB _ dollars in bank.(2)There is an open exchange of ideas _ the twoteams.forbetweenin(3)Hes giving her French lessons _ exchange for herteaching him English.1take it easy 轻松；不紧张；从容take ones time 不匆忙；不着急；慢慢来take sth.seriously 重视某事；严肃对待某事take.for granted 认为理所当然take.as.把当作【写作佳句】When faced with difficulty, take it easy! Dont panic.当面对困难时，沉住气，不要惊慌。运用单句语法填空(1)Its nice to sit down and take _ easy after a harddays work.itgrantedasseriously(2)We take it for _ (grant) that the book written bythis writer should be interesting.(3)I take her _ my best friend.(4)We should take examinations _ (serious)because it is related to our future.2run out of 用完(及物动词短语，主语是人，其后可直接接宾语)run out (某物)用完(不及物动词短语，主语是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词，后不可接宾语)use up 用完，用尽(及物动词短语，相当于 run out of)give out 用尽；分发；宣布；发出；精疲力竭(为不及物短语)【一词多义】(1)All the students run out of the classrooms as soon as thebell rings.从跑出来(2)Filthy water runs out of the pipe every day. 从中流出来(3)We ran out of coal, and had to burn wood.用光(4)They ran the spies out of the country.将驱逐出运用用适当的介词或副词填空(1)Tom decided to go home before the money ran _.(2)We felt exhausted, but we had to find a pool before we ranout _ the water in the bottle.(3)His strength gave _ after he ran that long distance.outofout3be made up of 由构成make up 弥补；编造；组成make up for 补偿be made of 由做成(看出原料的样子)be made from 由做成(看不出原料的样子)make out 分辨，辨认出be made in 在(地方)做成be made by 由(某人)制成make towards sth./make ones way to 向移动，朝走去【名师指津】be made up of 相当于 consist of 的主动语态。运用用适当的介词或副词填空(1)The medical team is made up _ five doctors andten nurses.ofupforoffrom Five doctors and ten nurses make _ the medicalteam.(2)I dont see very well, but my ears and nose make up_ it!(3)Concrete is made _ cement, sand, and gravelmixed with water.(4)These wines are all made _ grapes.4let out 发出；放走；泄露let alone 更不用说；更谈不上let sb./sth.alone 对某人/某事放任不管；置之不理let down 把放下来；使(某人)失望/情绪低沉let go 放手；放开；释放let in 允许进入；容许；许可【写作佳句】In the darkness, some students let out a scream of terror. 在黑暗中，有些学生发出可怕的怪叫声。运用单句语法填空(1)The poisonous gas let _ and caused a great panic.(2)I am counting on you to support me; dont let me_.outdownwalk(3)The baby cant even crawl yet, let alone _ (walk)原句1There are various reasons why people write poetry.人们写诗歌的原因是多种多样的。该句中 why 引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词 reasons，why可改为 for which，在从句中做原因状语。reason 后面的定语从句常用 why 和 that, which 引导，后接同位语从句时要用 that引导，对 reason 的内容进行说明或解释，要注意它们所使用的场合。This is why.这就是的原因。(强调结果)This is because.这是因为(强调原因)The reason why.is/was that.的原因是( 在此句型中，一般用 that 引导表语从句，而不用 because)注意：the reason 后是用why 或for which 还是用that 或which，取决于其在从句中所承担的句子成分。缺少主语、宾语、表语用that 或which，缺少状语用why 或for which。运用单句语法填空(1)The reason _ which he failed the English examwas that he didnt learn it well.forthat/which(2)The reason _ he explained to us was thathe hadnt read the book before.(3)This is the reason _ he explained at themeeting.(4)Can you tell me the reason _ he was absent fromthe meeting?that/whichwhy原句2By playing with the words in nursery rhymes,children learn about language.通过玩童谣中的文字游戏，孩子们学习了语言。“by现在分词(短语)”在句中做方式状语。运用完成句子，每空一词Bypracticingalot(1)通过很多练习，你可以提高你的英语发音。_ _ _ _， you can improveyour English pronunciation.byproducing(2)树通过产生化学物质的方式保护它们自己。Trees protect themselves _ _ chemicals.(3)通过努力，你可以实现你的梦想。You can realize your dream _ _ _.byworkinghard原句3With so many different forms of poetry to choosewith宾语from ，students may eventually want to write poems of their own.因为有许多不同类型的诗可以选择，学生们可能最后都想写他们自己的诗了。“With so many different forms of poetry to choose from” 为with 的复合结构，做状语。with 的复合结构类型有： doing 表示主动、进行done 表示被动、完成to do 表示将来的动作介词短语/adj./adv.运用单句语法填空(1)With several problems _ (remain) to besolved, we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible.(2)With all the things she needed _ (buy), she wenthome happily.remainingboughtcut(3)With more and more trees _ (cut) down, someanimals are facing the danger of dying out.运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来The English Speech Club which 1._ (make) up oftwenty students will hold its first contest this Friday.Participants aremaking full 2._ (prepare) for it in order to behavebetter at the speech.Some practice at noon 3._ rest;others do before they have evening class. 4._ everyonesdelight, all the 5._ (participant) show positive attitudeis madepreparationswithoutToparticipantsparticularmakingtheirfortowards the contest.They say they will in 6._ (particularly)pay attention to the intonation because they think while 7._(make) a speech, intonation will surely convey 8._ (they)feelings.In a word, they stand 9._ the best English level ofthe whole school and we believe that they will give wonderfulperformances.Its believed that the contest will make students more10._ (enthusiasm) about learning English.enthusiastic语法填空(三)语法填空常考点之有提示词(3)谓语动词与非谓语动词1动词的时态句中若缺少谓语，注意要考虑所给动词的时态与语态。判断时态首先要确定时间，然后根据动作发生的状态来判断应该运用哪种时态。有时也可以根据空格前后和该句中已经存在的谓语动词的并列关系来确定时态。考试说明中规定考的时态有十种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时。近两年语法填空考查一般过去时和一般现在时居多。【例】(2015 年新课标卷语法填空)It was raining lightlywhen I _61_ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didntcare.解析： arrived主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时“wasraining”，后一句中用了一般过去时“didnt care”，根据语境可知此处要用一般过去时态。故填arrived。1 In 1969 ， the pollution was terrible along the CuyahogaRiver near Cleveland ，Ohio.It _ (be) unimaginable that itcould ever be cleaned up.解析：was事情发生在 1969 年，是一个过去的时间，故此处要用一般过去时，又因为主语为 It，故填 was。2考纲规定考查的八种时态的被动语态句中缺少谓语，且与主语存在被动关系，考虑根据时间和动作存在的方式，确定相应时态的被动语态。注意只有及物动词才有被动语态。考试说明中规定考的各种时态的被动语态有八种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时。【例】(2016 年新课标卷语法填空)So it was a great honorto be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, whereticket money helps pay for research.I_62_ (allow) to get up closeto these cute animals at the 600-acre center.解析：was allowed根据语境及“allow sb.to do sth.”这一固定句式可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态形式。2 (2017 年新课标卷 语法填空)When fat and salt64._ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missingsomething.解析：are removedfat，salt 和 move 之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态，又主语是复数。故填 are removed。3时态与语态中的几个特殊用法在确定谓语动词的时态与语态时，我们可从四个方面来进行判断：(1)看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。(2)看上下文的谓语动词的形式。(3)看是否是特殊的句型。如：(4)看与主语存在主动关系还是被动关系。若是被动，还需看所给是否为及物动词，是否考查主动表示被动等。(5)注意主谓是否一致。【例】(2016 年四川卷 语法填空)The giant panda _61_(love) by people throughout the world.解析：is loved句意：全世界的人都喜欢大熊猫。这里用一般现在时表示现状，panda 与love 之间为被动关系。故用一般现在时的被动语态。3 Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _ (run)out.We must act immediately before theres none left.解析：are running由句中“before theres none left”可知食物还没有用完，故用现在进行时表示“(食品供应)快用完了”；此外 run out 为不及物动词 ，不可用于被动语态 。 故填 arerunning。