1 牛津高中英语模块一语言点Unit 1 School life Reading 1. be happy with / be satisfied with: 对 满意Are you happy with you present situation? 2. The school starts around 9 a.m. and ends about 3:30 p.m. 学校上午大约9 点上课，下午3:30 结束。3. earn sb sth: 为某人赢得 make / earn a living: 谋生 His honesty earned him much respect. It is wrong to earn a living by gambling. 靠赌博为生是错误的。4. respect (1) n. 尊重，尊敬have respect for sth: 尊重 treat sb with respect: 尊重 Old people should be treated with more respect. 重视，考虑show respect for sth: 考虑 You should show respect for others feelings when communicating with others. 方面in all respects: 在各方面with respect to sth: 就 而言，关于 vt. 尊敬，重视，考虑，遵守respect the law / your proposal 5. average (1) n. 平均数，平均水平on average: 平均来看above/below average: 高于低于平均水平 These marks are well above average. We fail one student per year on average. (2) adj. 平均的；普通的，平常的average temperature. an average girl. 6. struggle: n. & vi. 斗争，奋斗；挣扎；争夺be a struggle for sb: 对 来说是困难的事struggle to do sth: 努力做 struggle against/against sb for sth: 为 与某人斗争struggle to one s feet: 挣扎着站起来struggle on: 挣扎着坚持下去 It was a real struggle for you to be on time. I m struggling to fi nish the job you tell me to do. The leaders are struggling against each other for power. We have lost two of our best players, but we re struggling on. 7. devote: vt. 致力于，付出，献身devote sth / oneself to sth: 致力于 ；为 付出 He has devoted all his being to his career. devoted: adj 热爱的，忠实的，全心全意的be devoted to sb / sth: 热爱忠于 She is devoted to her motherland. devotion： （1） n. ( to sb / sth) 挚爱；献身，忠心a mother s devotion to her son.（2） n. 虔诚a life of great devotion 信仰诚笃的一生8. for free/free of charge: 免费I got this ticket for free from one who didn t want.9. fun (1) n. U 快乐，乐趣 滑稽，幽默 有趣的人或事what fun: 多么快乐have fun: 玩得高兴just for fun: 当笑话，取乐 What fun we had! Have fun on such beautiful beach! 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 11 页2 I m learning to cook just for fun. She is very lovely and full of fun. 她很活泼又很幽默。 It s not much fun going to a party alone. 独自一人去参加聚会没意思。(2) adj. 有趣的，愉快的a fun night. 10. look back on/think back to: 回顾 Looking back on those days, I still can t figure out what went wrong. 11. with satisfaction: 满足地，满意地He accepted my offer with great satisfaction. Grammar1. graduate from sth: 从 毕业2. after graduation: 毕业以后3. develop an interest in sth / become interested in sth: 逐渐对 感兴趣After graduation from university, he developed an interest in arts. 4. upon/on (doing) sth: 一 就Upon arrival, we started our work at once. 5. donate: vt. 捐赠donate sth to sb donation: n. d?u?nei? n 捐赠，捐赠物Plenty of goods have been donated to the flood-stricken area. 6. open day: 开放日7. regret that: 后悔遗憾 regret to do sth: 后悔要做 regret doing sth: 后悔做了 to one s regret:使 遗憾的是 I regret that I cant help. We regret to inform you that the sports meeting has been put off. 兹奉告运动会已被推迟，甚以为憾。 I regret to say the job has been filled. 十分抱歉，那个工作已经有人做了。 He regretted having lost such an important chance to study abroad. Much to my regret, I cant accept your invitation.Project1. host: n. 主人，东道主，主持人vt. 主办，主持host a program/ host the Olympic Games hostess: ?h?st? s n. 女主人；（夜总会的）女招待；（电视或广播节目的）女主持人；（餐馆的）迎宾女招待vt. 作东，请客2. approve sth: 通过，批准approve of sth: 同意，赞成approval: 赞成，同意，认可give one s approval to sth: 同意 I approve of your trying to earn some mone y but please dont neglect your studies. The auditors(审计员 ) approved the company s accounts. Have you given your approval to the trip plan? 3. charge (1) v. 收费，要价charge sb + 钱 + for sth How much do you charge me for mending shoes? 指控charge sb with sth: 指控某人 She charged me with neglecting my duty. 她指控我玩忽职守。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 11 页3 进攻，冲锋charge (at) sb We drew our sword and charged at the enemy. 给 充电 charge the battery (2) n.管理，负责；指控；电荷，电量；费用free of charge: 免费be in charge of sth: take charge of sth: be in the charge of sb: 由 负责 He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away. 经理不在时，他负责这家商店。 The department was badly organized until she took charge of it. 那个部门在她负责以前组织工作做得很差。 These patients are in the charge of Dr Wilson. 4. more than: 多于；比 多；非常 (=very)；不只是 More than 10 students have attended the assembly. I m more happy to take you there in my car. The beauty of the West Lake is more than words can describe. 5. make preparations for sth: 为 做准备in preparation for sth: 为 做准备 (作状语 ) The army is making preparations for a full-scale invasion. We are doing all this in preparation for the coming exam. 6. inform sb of sth: 告知某人 keep sb informed of sth: 使某人被告知让某人知道 I have been informed of the latest news. Keep me informed of what has happened. Unit 2 Growing pains Reading 1. than expected: 和预料的相比She stayed two days more than expected. 2. can t wait to do sth: 迫不及待地做I couldn t wait to take photos when I saw the sea. 3. Eric runs in after it, followed by a dog, walking very slowly. (1) 分词作状语，从句和主句的主语必须一致。(2) followed by a dog 为过去分词作状语，表示伴随状态。相当于and he was followed by a dog. (3) walking very slowly为现在分词作状语，表示伴随状态。相当于and it walked very slowly. 4. be supposed to do sth: 应该做 You are supposed to pay the bill by Friday. 5. mess: n. 脏，乱messy: adj. 脏乱的in a mess: 杂乱无章；脏乱不堪The previous chairman had left the company in a terrible mess. 6. doing (动作进行 主动 ) done (动作完成 被动 ) with + n + to do (将来 ) adj / adv 介词短语性质或特征名词(1) With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. 管理负责 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 11 页4 (2) With all the money spent, Jack started looking for work. (3) With so much work to do, I can t spare a minute.(4) Hearing the lion roaring, I felt frightened, with my face pale. (5) With the exams over, the students returned to their own classroom. (6) The river with grass and flowers on both sides runs through our campus. (7) With a stick his only weapon, he fought the tiger. 7. There is a garbage can around which are pieces of garbage and waste paper. around which 为定语从句的地点状语，后面句子用倒装形式。表示方位的副词、名词短语、形容词短语、介词短语放在句首，而且主语是名词时，句子完全倒装。常见的方位副词有：here， there，out，in，down，away，off 等。常见的名词短语有：north，south，west，east等。(1) Here comes the bus. (2) Southeast of the village stands a tower. (3) By nine o clock, all the Oly mpic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which 8. leave sb in charge of sth: 让某人负责 Who will be left in charge of the department when I am away on business? 9. sink: (1) n. 水池，洗涤槽(2) v. (sank, sunk) vt. 使下沉；挖，掘；使受挫 be sunk in sth: 陷入（某种情绪）. Three ships were sunk that night by enemy torpedoes. 那天夜里三艘船被敌人鱼雷击沉。 sink a well: 挖井 She just sat there, sunk in thought / gloom( 忧愁 ) / misery( 痛苦 )。 vi. 下沉，沉没；下陷， （日、月）落下；降低，衰退 one s heart sink: 感到失望 sink into sth: 陷入 ；渐渐 Wood won t sink in water. The foundations (地基 ) sank two feet after the flood. The sun sank slowly behind the hills. When I saw the pile of dirty dishes, my heart sank. Now China has sunk into great economic recession. 10. tolerate: vt. 容忍，忍受，宽容tolerance: ?t?l?r?ns n. 容忍，忍受，宽容，耐受力tolerant: ?t? l?r?nt adj. 容忍的，忍受的，宽容的be tolerant of / towards sth: 容忍 ；对 宽容 a government which refuses to tolerate opposition. 不容有人反对的政府。 racial tolerance：种族上的宽容 Her own mistakes made her tolerant of the faults of others. 她因自己有错误，对别人的错误就不计较了。11. defend: vt. 防御，保护；辩解defend oneself: 自卫；自我辩解defend sb against / from sth: 保卫 免于 ；就 为 辩解 When the dog attacked me, I defended myself with a stick. The newspaper defended her against the accusations. 报纸为她辩护，驳斥对她的指责。12. deserve sth / to do sth: 值得应得应受精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 11 页5 deserve punishment / to be punished 13. that is why : 那就是为什么That is why I came late. 14. be hard on sb: 对 严厉；对 苛刻Well, youre too close to the project. Dont be hard on yourself. 当局者迷、旁观者清，别自责了。15. be rude to sb: 对 粗鲁He was punished because he was rude to his parents. 16. feel like doing sth: 想要做 feel like that: 觉得好像 I don t feel like walking alone today. He felt like he had never been to such a place. word power 1. a piece of cake: 小菜一碟，容易的事After climbing mountains in the Swiss Alps, going up English hills is a piece of cake. 爬过了瑞士的阿尔卑斯山后，爬英国的小山简直是小菜一碟。2. a wet blanket: 扫兴的人或物The weatherman threw a wet blanket on our picnic plan when he forecast rain. 气象员报有雨，给我们的野餐计划泼了冷水。3. be all ears: 认真听，侧耳聆听A detective must be all eyes and all ears. 一个侦探必须眼观六路，耳听八方。4. pull one s leg: 开玩笑Michael and Derek are good friends, but they like to pull each others leg sometimes. 麦克尔和德里克是好朋友, 但有的时候喜欢开对方的玩笑. 5. have green fingers: 有园艺技能I never have green fingers. 我向来不擅长种花草. 6. top dog: 当权派，头儿；优胜者He always wanted to be the one in control, the top dog. 他总是想成为可以控制一切的人，即长官大权的人。7. give sb the cold shoulder: 冷淡对待某人He gave his wife the cold shoulder when she visited him. 8. rain cats and dogs: 下倾盆大雨In the middle of the picnic It started to rain cats and dogs, and everybody got soaked. 野餐进行中，突然大雨倾盆，每个人身上都湿透了。9. be one s cup of tea: 感兴趣喜爱的东西Working overtime everyday is not my cup of tea. 我可不喜欢每天加班。task 1. handle: n. 柄，把手；把柄Vt. 处理，管理；操作；经营 please fix a handle to my case. His careless gave his enemies a handle to use against him. 他的粗心给敌人以反对他的把柄。 An officer must know how to handle his men. They don t handle imported goods.2. for nothing: 免费；徒劳，无结果 Children under 5 can travel for nothing. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 11 页6 All that preparation was for nothing because the visit was cancelled. 3. error: n. 错误make an error: 犯错trial and error: 反复试验You will find out by trial and error which flowers grow best. 4. mix sth up: 混淆 ；混合搀和mix up sth with sth: 把 与 混淆 The chemist mixed up some medicines for me. I always mix him up with his brother. They look so much alike. 5. insist: v. (1) 坚持说，坚持认为(2) 坚持要求（ should do）insist that: 坚持说坚持要求insist on (doing) sth: 坚持（做） She insisted that he was innocent.(= She insisted on his innocence.) I insist that you take action to put this right.(= I insist on your taking action to put this right.) 我坚决要求你采取行动把事情处理好。6. allow sb sth: 允许某人 We won t allow you much time of pleasure in such a case. 7. harm: vt. & n . 伤害，损害do harm to sb / harm sb: 伤害损害 mean no harm / not mean any harm: 无意伤害do more harm than good: 弊大于利 Modern farming methods have done considerable harm to the countryside. He does not mean any harm. He is joking. Criticizing people s work often does more harm than good.8. as for sth: 就 而言As for salary, I leave it to you. 关于薪水，请您定夺。9. depend on sth: 确信，坚信；依靠；取决于depend on it that: 确信坚信 You can never depend on his arriving on time. 你决不可指望他会准时来。 We can depend on it that Tom won t give up. Children depend on their parents for food and clothing. How much is produced depends on how hard we work. 10. normal: adj. 正常的，正规的n. 正常，常态，标准return to normal / be back to normal: 恢复正常above / below normal: 高于低于正常水平 Train services were back to normal again after the strike. The rainfall has been below normal this time of year. 11. grow out of sth: (1) 长得高大而不能穿 (2) 年龄增长不再做 (3) 由 产生 grow out of ones clothes grow out of childrens games My interest in arts grew out of the time I spent during the war. 12. grow into sth: (1) 渐渐成为或变得(2) 长得大以适合（衣服）(3) 变得习惯于 She is growing into a beautiful young woman. The coat is too big for him now, but he will grow into it. She is a good actress, but still needs time to grow into the part she is playing. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 11 页7 13. keep up with sth: 跟上；知悉It is hard to keep up with the changes in computer technology. 14. be annoyed with sb about / at sth: 因为 而生某人的气He was very annoyed with me about my carelessness. 15. shame on you: 你应该感到羞耻；真丢人How could you treat her so badly? Shame on you. 16. forbid (forbade, forbidden): vt. 禁止forbid sb from doing sth forbid sb to do sth: forbid doing sth: 禁止做 Women in the Middle-east are forbidden from going out without a veil(面纱 ). He forbade smoking during office hours. project 1. go through: vt. (1) 穿过，通过(2) 浏览(3) 经历(4) 仔细检查 go through the forest go through the files She s gone through a bad patch recently.她最后经历了一段苦难时期。2. day by day: 一天天地，渐渐地，慢慢地（强调过程）day after day: 日复一日，天天（强调反复） Her health was improving day by day. I can t tolerate sitting at a desk day after day, doing nothing. 3. be out of control: 失控be in control of sth: 管理、控制 Inflation has been out of control. Who is in control of the project? 4. think of sb as sth: 认为 是We do think of this plan as a realistic way to solve the problem. 5. tend: vi. 往往，趋于，倾向于Vt. 照顾tend to do sth: 趋于倾向于往往tend to / towards sth: 趋于，倾向于tend sb: 照顾 Sally tends to interfere with other s privacy. He tends towards extreme views. nurses tending the injured. 6. in this regard: 在这一点上7. limit: n. 限制；界限，极限Vt. 限制limit sth to sth: 把 限制于 中be limited to sth: 局限于 there is a limit to sth: 是有限的set a limit to sth: 为 设限within limit: 适度地without limit: 无限地 limited: adj. 有限的禁止某人做 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 11 页8 Our topic day is limited to wars. There is no limit to what you can do if you try. The company set a limit to the output of the products. I am willing to help within limit. time limit / speed limit. 8. fit in sth: 适应 fit in society. 9. trade sth for sth: 以 换I will trade my stamp collection for your model ship. Unit 3 looking good, feeling good Reading 1. feel good:（精神上）感到愉快feel well: ( 身体上 ) 感到舒适身体好 It makes me feel good to know you like me. Are you feeling well now? feel good about oneself: 自我感觉愉快。2. be dying to do sth: 渴望急于 Jane is dying to lose much weight to keep a slim figure.be dying for sth: 将想要渴望 We are dying for more freedom of entertainment now. 3. work out: (1) vt. 计算出，解决，制定 work out a math problem. work out a puzzle. The general worked out a new plan of attack. (2) vi. 结果进展；锻炼 Things worked out quite well. I work out regularly to keep fit. 4. be ashamed of (doing) sth: be ashamed that: be ashamed to do sth: 耻于羞于做 I was ashamed of having been lied to him. Barry( 巴里 ) was ashamed that he had lost his temper. I am ashamed to say I haven t been to the church for 3 years. 5. take weight-loss pills: 服用减肥药gain weight / put on weight: 发胖lose weight: 减肥6. recover: (1) vt. 找回，重新获得，恢复recover sth from sth: 从 找回重新获得 recover stolen things from the clues. recover senses / consciousness: 恢复知觉(2) vi. 恢复recover from sth: 从 中恢复过来My boss has just recovered from heart attack. 7. follow one s advice:听从 的建议take / adopt one s advice: 采纳 的建议8. be embarrassed about sth: 因为 而难堪尴尬embarrassing: adj.令人难堪的尴尬的embarrassed: adj. 感到难堪的尴尬的embarrassment: n. U 窘迫，尴尬C 令人为难的难堪的人或事 He was embarrassed about my hairstyle. Jane suffered much embarrassment in his youth. 对 感到羞愧羞耻精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 11 页9 We came across a lot of financial embarrassments in the economic development. 9. as sb be: 按照某人 的样子Please put the book back on the shelf as it was. 10. damage: (1) n. U 损害，伤害损害赔偿金C (2) vt. 损害，伤害do / cause damage to sth (= damage sth): 损害，伤害 . . The typhoon did a lot of damage to the crops. The court awarded 5,000 dollars in damages to the injured. 11. figure: (1) n. 数字金额，价格体形人物；肖像图表 He has an income of 6 figures. We bought the house at a low figure. I am dieting to keep a slim figure. The central figure in the painting is the artist s daughter. The figure on Page 22 shows a political map of Africa. (2) vt. 计算；认为vi. 是重要部分； （以重要地位）出现figure sth out: 理解；计算出 I can t figure out why he quit his job. Have you figured out how much the holiday cost? She figured greatly in the public debate on the issue. 她在该问题的公开辩论中非常突出。word power 1. in shape: 健康out of shape: 变形，走样 不健康get (oneself) into shape: 强身健体 You will never be in shape until you eat less and take more exercise. The children have been playing with my hat they ve knocked it out shape.孩子们一直玩着我的帽子 把它弄得不成样子。 Take exercise if you are out of shape. 2. on one s own: 独自地；独力地，单独地 She lives on her own. Although her father is in the firm, she got the job on her own. Grammar and Usage fall out: vi. 脱落Her hair is falling out because of too much worry. task 1. make the most of sth / make full use of sth: 充分利用 (1) Every possible _ advanced technology. A. should be made of B. should be made use C. use should be made of D. should make use of (2) It s connected with the use it makes _ the fat stored in its body. A. with B. of C. at D. by 2. offer: n. 提议，建议That s a very kind offer: 真是帮了大忙了-If you like, I can do some shopping for you. -That s a very kind _. (2006 浙江 ) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 11 页10 A. offer B. service C. point D. suggestion 五、 Project 1. in the long term / run: 从长期看in the short term / run: 从短期看We must aim for world peace in the long term. 我们必须争取更持久的世界和平。2. （百）分数+ of + n: 百分之几分之 (作主语时，谓语动词根据名词形式变化) 75 of the students are going to camping out. Two thirds of the time has been wasted. 3. skip: vt. & vi. (skipped; skipping) 跳过，略过；不做 ；蹦跳着走skip sth: 跳过，略过；不做skip (out of) sth: 悄悄离开 skipping-rope: 跳绳 Skip the first chapter and start on Page 21. skip a lecture / a class: 未参加讲座 旷课 The lambs are skipping about in the field. The official skipped the country with the stolen money. 4. count: vt. 清点；把 计算在内；认为vi. 数数；有价值，很重要count sth as sth: 认为 是count on sth: 依靠，指望 Don t forget to count your change. There are 5 people in my family, counting my parents. She can count from 1 to 100. We count her as our best friend. His opinion counts because of his experience. Don t count on a salary increase this year. 5. so / as + 助 + 主语： 也一样John is very energetic, so is Tom. The twin has won the final competition, so / as have I. 6. concentrate: vt. & vi.集中；全神贯注concentrate sth on sth: 集中 于 concentrate on sth: 全神贯注于 ；专心于 Concentrate your attention on your study. I can t concentrate on my exam with the noise going on. Birds like to concentrate in places where food is rich. 7. a large / good amount of + nU: 大量的A large amount of time has been spent on this matter. 8. in no time: 立刻at no time: 绝不，从来没有At no time will we abandon the good opportunity. 9. at all: 用于疑问句，意为：到底、究竟、难道不。如：Are you at all worried about it? 你难道对此不担心吗? Have you read any of the report at all? 那份报告你到底有没有读一点? 用于条件句 (用来加强if 的语气 )，意为：假若、既然、即使、反正。如：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 11 页11 If you do it at all, do it well. 既然要做，就把它做好。 用于肯定句 (较少见 )， 意为：不管怎样、竟然。如：I was surprised at his coming at all. 我很奇怪，他竟然来了。10. not at all: 根本不、一点也不 It wasn t difficult at all. 这一点也不难。 There was nothing to eat at all. 根本没什么可吃的。 不用谢；没关系（回答感谢或道歉） A： Thank you very much. 多谢你了。B：Not at all. 不客气。 A： I m sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。B：Oh, not at all. 噢，没关系。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 11 页