.核心单词识记思考运用一、单词拼写1.*(2015湖南，阅读A) We are having a _(辩论)about this topic.2.*(2015江苏，阅读A)Always observe district fire _(禁令).3.*(2013北京，阅读A)We have a special offer for 10 days，during which you can enjoy a half price _ (折扣) and a free delivery.debatebansdiscount4.We _ (测量) the room and found it was 20 feet long and 15 feet wide.5.(2015湖北，书面表达)After the questions being put forward one by one，our actions go _ and _(进一步)，until we get a good command of it at last.6. (2014浙江，阅读A) Europeans see a piggy bank as a _(象征，符号)of good fortune and wealth.measuredfurtherfurthersign7.Although he may be troubled，he always _(显露) a calm smiling face.8.Only four people managed to _(逃离) before the roof collapsed.9.The school has only been open for six months，so its too early to _ (评价) its success.10.(2013新课标全国，短文改错)When tea got popular in Britain，there was a crying need for good cups with _(手柄)to suit British habits.presentsescapeevaluatehandles二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.(2015浙江，阅读B)Graphs can seem _(frighten)，but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story.2.His father was reached by their _(persuade) at last.3.They made an _(arrange) to meet at the school gate at 3 pm.4.*(2013辽宁，阅读C)In order to stay _ (energy)，sitting workers need to exercise regularly.5.(2014浙江，写作)They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity about scientific _ (discover).frighteningpersuasionarrangementenergeticdiscoveries6.(2013上海，选词填空)Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for _(recognise)to take place.7.I was _ (terrify) out of my mind，giving my first public performance.8.Fresh air and nutritious food will speed his _ (recover).9.Of those wounded in the battle，only three _(survival)，and now they all have passed away.10.(2014安徽，阅读D)So，let us assume that historical buildings are both _(attract) and important to the majority of people.recognitionterrifiedrecoverysurvivedattractive11.It was reported that the chemical factory _ the environment and the _ was very serious.(pollute)12.The child made a very _ comment，which showed that he was a boy of very high _.(intelligent)13.We all _ in the camp and agreed that this _ was very valuable.(participate)14.Tom _ to Mary the other day for his rudeness; Of course，she accepted his _.(apologise)pollutedpollutionintelligentintelligenceparticipatedparticipationapologisedapology三、开心词场 According to an intelligent and energetic professor in our department，he has never participated in a further voyage on his own before.Although he isnt an explorer，he often makes new discoveries.We know he likes collections of seashells.He can recognise the ages by measuring their widths and lengths altogether.【联想积累】“争论”种种quarrel vt.争辩，争吵argue v. 坚决主张，争论，辩论discuss vt.讨论debate v.争论，争辩“(不)许可”词汇大观园permit v.允许allow v.允许forbid v.禁止ban v.& n.禁止prohibit v.禁止含count高频词集锦count v.计算；认为；有价值 account n.账户；解释；账目accountant n.会计师 counter n.柜台discount n.& v.折扣；打折扣 country n.国家；乡下，农村 countryside n.农村，乡下 描绘人“性格”的形容词一览energetic 有活力的lively 活泼的optimistic 乐观的pessimistic 悲观的easy-going 随和的gentle 温和的outgoing 外向的straightforward 坦率的词汇拓展frightening adj.令人惊恐的，骇人的frighten vt.(使)惊恐frightened adj.害怕的；受惊的educate vt.教育educator n.教育工作者education n.教育，培养attract vt.吸引attraction n.吸引人的地方attractive adj.吸引人的terror n.恐 怖 ， 恐 惧 terrify vt.令 人 感 到 恐 惧terrifying adj.使人感到恐惧的terrified adj.感到恐怖的survive vi.幸存，生存下来survival n.幸存survivor n.幸存者.重点短语识记思考运用一、补全短语1._ ones own 独自地；独立地2.be covered _ 覆盖3.*in addition _ 除以外还有4.get _ trouble 陷入麻烦，陷入困境5.in search _ 寻找，寻求6.all _ once 突然onwithtointoofat二、短语填空*participate in；fill out；deal with；pick up；set sail；*make sense；*make it to；watch out for1.Everyone in the class is expected to _ the discussion.2.Weve _ several renewals this week.3.The seamen decided to _ the next morning for Europe.4.You must always _ the traffic here.participate indealt withset sailwatch out for5.The boy _ some English while living in America with his parents.6._ this form and sign your name，then well issue you a bankbook.7.It _ to buy a large house because your family is big.8.Even though he couldnt swim，he managed to _ the river bank with his friends help.picked upFill outmakes sensemake it to【联想积累】归纳表示“除了以外还有”的词汇as well asbesidesin addition toapart/aside from各种各样的“参加”joinjoin intake part inattend participate inmake的高频短语小结make a difference 有影响；起作用make a living 谋生make a fortune 发财make a mess 弄糟make a comment 作出评论.经典句式识记思考运用 1.Its three times as big underwater.(倍数as.as)(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍大。仿写There were _ cars as we expected during the meeting.会议期间汽车的数量是我们预料的三倍。three times as many2.You certainly wont find a noisier fish.(比较级和否定词连用表达最高级含义)你肯定不会发现比这更吵的鱼了。仿写_ than a good book at the moment. 此刻，没有比一本好书更有意义的了。Nothing could be more meaningful3.Our boat survived，and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear，and screamed out the terrifying word “Whirlpool！”.(be doing.when.“正在做这时”)我们的船获救了，我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来，就在这时哥哥把他的嘴放到我的耳朵旁，大声说出那个令人胆战心惊的词“漩涡”。仿写I _ on the Internet _ I found some information of iPhone 6.我正在上网，这时我发现了一些关于苹果第六代手机的信息。was surfingwhen4.*One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands，our boat full of fish.(独立主格结构)那一天，我和我的两个兄弟从岛上归来，船上载满了鱼。仿写He came out of the library，_.他夹着本大书，走出了图书馆。a large book under his arm【联想积累】小议独立主格结构 (1)独立主格结构(Absolute Structure)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。 (2)独立主格结构基本构成形式：加名词(代词)现在分词(过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语) 。.单元语法识记思考运用“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句单句语法填空1.I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing.2.*I bought a great many books，_ which I spent all my money that I saved.whenon3.*The athlete _ whom you talked is a famous runner.4.Did you enjoy yourself at the party?Yes.Ive never been to a _ (exciting) one before.5.Of the two sisters，Betty is the _(young) one，and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.tomore excitingyounger【联想积累】教你一招“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中，如何选取介词？根据先行词跟介词的搭配；根据句意确定；当定语从句的动词与介词是不可分割的固定搭配时，分词不能放到关系代词之前。单 词 点 睛1.arrange v.安排，准备；整理；排列 教材原句If not，then your group should arrange to meet outside of school hours and choose a time thats best for most people in the group.如果没完成，那么你们小组应该安排在课余时间见面，选择一个对你们小组大多数人都适合的时间。I have arranged _ the neighbours _ taking care of the cat.我已和邻居们商量好照顾猫咪的事情。Her parents are busy _ her wedding ceremony.她的父母正忙着为她的婚礼做准备。(1)arrange to do sth 安排做某事arrange for sb/sth to do sth 安排某人/物做某事arrange with sb about sth 与某人商定某事(2)make arrangements for 为做好安排We have made all the _ (arrange)for the conference that will be held next week.我们已做好下周召开会议的全部筹备工作。【名师点津】不能说arrange sb to do.，且arrange后跟that从句时，从句用虚拟语气“(should)do”。He arranged that the meeting _ for a week.He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week.他已安排好将会议延期一周。答案with；aboutarranging forarrangements(should) be put off2.sign n.符号；标志；手势；征兆，迹象vt.签署；示意；打手势 高考例句(2015江苏，阅读A)When driving，minimize noise and observe no smoking signs. 开车的时候，降低噪音，并观察禁止吸烟的标志。(1)sign of/that.的迹象/征兆(2)traffic signs 交通标志(3)sign (to sb) to do sth 示意(某人)去做某事(4)sign in 签到(5)sign up/on(sb) 报名，注册，签约雇用(某人)(6)sign up (for sth) 报名(参加课程)(2014浙江，阅读A)Europeans see a piggy bank as _ sign of good fortune and wealth.欧洲人把储蓄罐看作是好运和财富的象征。All the teachers who want to visit our school must sign _ on arrival.所有想参观我们学校的老师一到学校均需签到。The company has signed _ three top models for the fashion show.为了时装表演，公司签约聘请了三名顶级模特儿。答案ainon/up3.persuade vt.说服，劝服；使相信 高考例句(2015安徽，完形)Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. 广告说服我们越新越好，而且我们会更乐于使用最新产品。In a debate you need persuade the listeners _ the soundness of your argument.辩论中你需要让听众信服你的论点的准确性。(2015浙江，书面表达) I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.I managed to persuade my classmates _ my idea. 我已经说服我的学生接受我的观点。I persuaded him out of going there with Tom.I persuaded him _ there with Tom.我说服了他不要与汤姆一起去那里。【辨析比较】persuade sb to do/try to persuade sb to do/advise sb to dopersuade sb to do强调劝说并达到成效，即说服 try to persuade sb to do试图说服某人做某事， 强调过程advise sb to do建议某人做某事，不涉及最后的结果完成下列小片段At first， many friends _ see a doctor， but he refused.Later his wife _ him and also failed.Who else can _ do so?最初，很多朋友都建议他去看医生，但是他拒绝了。后来，他妻子试图说服他，也失败了。还有谁能说服他去看医生呢？答案ofto acceptnot to goadvised him to；tried to persuade；persuade him to4.ban vt.禁止n.禁止，禁令 高考例句(2014山东，阅读表达)Fining drivers who are in areas where cars have been banned can also tend to encourage them to leave their cars behind.对禁止汽车通行的地区的司机罚款也可能鼓励他们不驾车出行。(1)ban doing sth 禁止(做)某事(2)ban sb from (doing) sth 禁止某人(做)某事(3)a ban on sth 对的禁令After the accident，he was banned _ driving.发生事故后，他被禁止驾车。There is to be a total ban _ smoking in the office. 办公室将彻底禁止吸烟。答案fromon5.present vt.演示，讲演；上演，演出；出现，出席；显示；介绍；赠予；交给；提出，提交；颁发教材原句How will you present your project?你怎样展示你的计划？I dont have any information about Lin Shuhao _.目前我没有关于林书豪的任何消息。The students presented flowers _ their teachers on Teachers Day.The students presented their teachers _ flowers on Teachers Day.教师节这天学生们送花给老师。【巧学助记】 An expert _ at the meeting _ me with a book on_ financial crisis as a _.出席会议的一位专家送给我一本关于当前金融危机的书作为礼物。答案at present/at the present timeto；withpresent；presented；present；present【名师点津】present用作形容词，作“现在的，目前的”讲时，常作前置定语；作“出席的，在场的”讲时，常作后置定语。6.attract vt.吸引，引起的注意；使喜爱；引起的好感(或爱慕) 高考例句(2015重庆，阅读B)In ancient Egypt，a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment.在古埃及，店主发现，他可以简单地通过改变店的环境吸引顾客。(1)attract sb to sth/sb 把某人吸引到attract ones attention/interest 吸引某人的注意/兴趣(2)attraction n. 吸引人的事物，吸引力(3)attractive adj.有魅力的，吸引人的She gave a quiet cough to _. 她轻轻地咳了一声好引起我注意。The scenery in Switzerland is very _(attract) to the tourists from the whole world.瑞士的风景对来自全世界的游客都很有吸引力。答案attract my attentionattractive7.escape vi.逃脱，逃跑；被忘掉，被忽视n.逃走，逃脱 教材原句Without waiting，I dived into the sea to try and escape.我没有等下去，潜入海中试图逃生。 (1)escape from/out of.从中逃脱escape (doing) sth 避免/逃脱(做)某事(2)make ones escape 逃走a narrow escape 九死一生No prisoner escaped _ the prison without being seen.没有一个囚犯逃离这个监狱而不被看到。He escaped _(kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work.他因没有去上班而逃过了在那次爆炸中丧生。Its a wonder that he had/got _ narrow escape from the car accident.他在这次车祸中死里逃生真是个奇迹。答案frombeing killeda短 语 点 拨1.make it to到达(to为介词)教材原句Eric set sail once again，this time with 25 ships，of which only 14 made it to Greenland.埃里克又开始航行，这次他率领25艘船，最终只有14艘抵达了格陵兰岛。make it时间 约定为(时间) make it 及时到达(尤其在困难情况下)；能够出席或到场；获得成功；幸免于难get it 懂得，理解Lets make _ at seven oclock on Tuesday morning at my office.我们把时间定在星期二早上七点，地点就在我的办公室。Lucy failed in the computer test last time while I_. 上次计算机考试露西没有通过，而我通过了。I dont _.Please explain.我不懂。请解释一下。答案itmade itget it2.pick up取，接载；营救，搭救；拾起，捡起；收听(节目)；无意中学到；廉价买到；恢复健康；情况好转牛津例句She went over to the crying child and picked her up. 她走到啼哭的孩子身边，把她抱了起来。写出下列句中pick up的含义She picked up a lot of French when she was in France. _ My radio made in Shanghai can pick up BBC very clearly. _He is beginning to pick up after the operation，which delights his family._When is the weather going to pick up? Its been bad for weeks. _ (2014山东，阅读A)Peter drove to Anns house to pick up his dog， and saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window._答案(非正式途径)学会，获悉收听，收到 恢复健康天气好转接载【巧学助记】句 式 透 析1.教材原句Its three times as big underwater.(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍。这是一个倍数表达法的常用句型，结构为：倍数as形容词(副词)原级as.倍数的表达方式有：(1)倍数as形容词或副词的原级as(2)倍数形容词或副词的比较级than(3)倍数the size/length/width/height.of.(4)倍数what从句(5)倍数that of.注意：后两种多用于产量的表达上。Our school which was built last year is _ his.我们去年建的学校是他的学校的三倍大。After looking at the map，he finds this street is four times the _ (long)of that street.看过地图之后，他发现这条街是那条街的四倍长。The production now is three times _ it was ten years ago.现在的产量比十年前增加了两倍。答案three times as big aslengthwhat【名师点津】倍数表达中，一倍用once，两倍用twice，三倍及三倍以上用“数词times”来表示。2.教材原句You certainly wont find a noisier fish.你绝不会找到比它们更吵闹的鱼。not.a noisier fish此结构是：not.a比较级名词的单数。这种结构是以比较级的形式来表达最高级的含义。Yi Jianlian is taller than _ other player in our national basketball now.现在易建联比我们国家篮球队中的任何一名队员都高。What a wonderful novel！I have never read _ more moving one.多么好的一本小说啊！我从未读过比这更感人的。答案anya