Unit 3 Language in use1. 一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态 如果要表达发生在过去的事情或行为的被动语态，我们该如何表达呢？请看例句： Liu was encouraged at first to train for the high jump. The Olympic torch relay was not introduced until 1932. Was the cup broken by Tom? Yes, it was./No, it wasnt.When were the Olympic Games founded?（1）一般过去时的被动语态的各类句式：肯定句主语+was/were+v.-ed（+by.）.否定句主语+was/were not+v.-ed（+by.）.一般疑问句 Was/Were+主语+v.-ed（+by.）?特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+v.-ed（+by.）? 如：These new books were published last month. （肯定句）These new books werent published last month. （否定句）Were these new books published last month? （一般疑问句） （2）当不定式结构在句中作宾语补足语时，其被动语态该如何处理呢？请看以下例句： The school encouraged Liu Xiang to train for the high jump. 改为被动语态： Liu Xiang was encouraged （by the school） to train for the high jump. 可以看出，被动语态的句子是把主动语态中的宾语提到了主语的位置，宾语补足语位置不变。这样的句子往往不会提到动作的执行者。 在ask/encourage/tell/allow sb. to do sth.等固定结构中，含有不定式作宾语补足语，在变为被动语态时，要把主动语态中的宾语提到句首作主语，宾语补足语的位置不变。如： His parents encouraged him to go abroad for further study.改为被动语态： He was encouraged to go abroad for further study by his parents. （3）那么，诸如give sb. sth., lend sb. sth.等含双宾语的结构在被动语态中又该如何处理呢？ 1）将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变； 2）将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语前须有介词（一般是for或to）。如： He gave me a book. 改为被动语态： I was given a book by him./ A book was given to me by him. 【注意】在主动语态中，动词make, let, see, hear, feel, watch, find, notice等后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时，后面要加 to。如： I heard him sing in the next room.改为被动语态： He was heard to sing in the next room. The man makes the boy do his homework.改为被动语态： The boy is made to do his homework （by the man）. 2. remember的用法的用法 【辨析】remember to do sth.与remember doing sth. （1）remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”（指事情还未做过）。如： I must remember to take my notebook with me. 我必须记得把我的笔记本带着。（表示笔记本还未带上）. （2）remember doing sth.意为“记得曾做过某事”（指事情已经做过）。如： I remember seeing her once somewhere. 我记得在哪里见过她。（表示已经见过她了） 【延伸】以下几个动词后接to do和doing也具有类似的不同意义： （1）forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事”（指事情已做）；forget to do sth.意为“忘记要去做某事”（指事情还未做）。 （2）stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”；stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做某事”。 （3）try doing sth.意为“试着去做某事”；try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”。【话题呈现话题呈现】 本模块围绕“Sports life”展开话题，要求学生能够对同学们参加体育活动的情况进行小结并发表简单评论。能写一篇短文介绍运动员。【佳句荟萃佳句荟萃】 He was invited to competitions around the world. 他被邀请参加世界各地的比赛。 Well go there to cheer for them. 我们将去那里为他们加油。 But he is still a symbol of courage and success, and we continue to take pride in him. 但是他仍然是勇气和成功的象征，我们依然为他感到自豪。 It is a pity that his foot problem stopped him from completing the 2012 London Olympic Games. 遗憾的是，脚伤让他没能完成2012年的伦敦奥运会。 Its very important for everyone to do sports. 做运动对每个人都很重要。 I feel happy and relaxed after doing sports. 做运动后我感到很高兴，心情也放松。 Doing/Taking exercise is a good choice. 进行锻炼是不错的选择。 In my opinion, taking exercise is a good way to help us relax. 在我看来，做运动是一种很好地帮助我们放松的方式。 I am good at playing basketball. 我擅长打篮球。 I think its very important for everyone to do sports. 我认为进行体育活动对每个人都很重要。 Doing sports is not only good for my health but also good for my study. 进行体育活动不仅对我的健康有好处，而且有利于我的学习。【写作任务写作任务】 孙杨是中国著名的游泳运动员，请根据表格内的提示，以“My Favourite Sports Star”为题，写一篇100词左右的短文。姓名孙杨出生时间1991年12月1日出生地杭州成长经历6岁开始学游泳，8岁进入体校进行系统学习成绩及荣誉2006年进入国家游泳队；2012年伦敦奥运会上取得两金一银一铜；2013年世界游泳锦标赛获得三项冠军，这使得他成为亚洲最佳游泳运动员；2016年里约（Rio）奥运会获得一金一铜Beginning开篇点题及基本信息（出生日期、出生地）开篇点题及基本信息（出生日期、出生地）Sun Yang is a famous Chinese 1 . He was born in 2 , on 3 1st, 1991. swimmer【写作指导写作指导】 这是写记叙文。要求以时间为线索写自己喜爱的体育明星，可以用第三人称，一般现在时和一般过去时来写作。 Hangzhou DecembersixBody简介体育生涯简介体育生涯4. He began to swim at the age of .5. In 2006, he was chosen into .6. In the 2012 London Olympic Games he won .7. In the 2013 World Swimming Championship, he got .8. He won and a bronze medal in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.the National Swimming Teamthree gold medals two gold medalsa gold medal Ending表达崇拜，向他学习表达崇拜，向他学习His. encourages me. From him, I know. and I will learn 9 him. Im 10 of him.from proud 【自主创作自主创作】 【范文展示范文展示】 My Favourite Sports Star Sun Yang, a swimmer, was born in Hangzhou, on December 1st, 1991. He began to swim at the age of six. In 2006, he was chosen into the National Swimming Team. He trained very hard and made great achievements in many national and international events. In the 2012 London Olympic Games he won two gold medals, one silver medal and a bronze medal. In the 2013 World Swimming Championship, he got three gold medals. This made him The Best Asian Swimmer. He won a gold medal and a bronze medal in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games. He is considered to be one of the most successful swimmers. He is so wonderful a player that we are proud of him. His hard work and shining achievements encourage me. I will learn from him.【升格点拨】 本文要点齐全，条理清晰，从年份及获得的奖项描述人物，使文章紧凑，并运用了at the age of, learn from等短语，使人物形象丰满，可读性强。最后作者发表了自己的看法，使文章更充实。