现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时和一般过去时都表示一个在过去完成的动作，但现在完成时强调的是与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果或影响等，属于现在时范围，谈论的是现在的情况。而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系，现在情况可能已发生变化。Who opened the door? (“谁开的门？ ” 只强调过去开门这一动作，门现在可能已关上。) Who has opened the door? (“谁把门开了？ ” 强调门现在依然还开着。) 现在完成时不能与明确的过去时间状语连用，如：three days ago, last year, yesterday, last Sunday, in 2008 等等。 如句中有以上这些明确的过去时间状语，应用一般过去时。 再有，过去发生的一个动作，如现在情况已经发生的变化，也应用一般过去时。特别提醒：如果这些过去时间状语前有since，表示 “ 自过去某一时间一直延续到现在” ，应用现在完成时。He finished reading the book the day before yesterday. I put my ruler in my pencil-box, but I can t find it now.My cousin has been in Nanjing since 2009. 现在完成时不与when 引导的特殊疑问句连用，when 后只用一般过去时表示已发生的动作。 但现在完成时可与where, why 等疑问词连用。 如： Where have you been? (你去过哪里了？) -The train has left. -When did the train leave? since 引导的时间状语从句后面用一般过去时，只有前面的主句才用现在完成时。We have known each other since we came to the school two years ago. 有些时间状语，如 this morning, this month, tonight等，既可以与一般过去时连用，又可以与现在完成时连用，但内涵不同。与一般过去时连用时，表示与“ 现在 ” 无关，时间已成为过去。而与现在完成时连用，则表示包括“ 现在 ” 在内。I saw him this morning. ( 时间已不在上午了。) I have seen him this morning. ( 说话时间还是上午。) He lived in New York for eight years. ( 他现在已经不在纽约住了。) He has lived in New York for eight years. ( 他现在还在纽约居住。) 同步练习动词填空：1. I _(see) Tom last Friday. 2. _you _(go) to the Great Wall last summer? 3. -Where _ you _(put) my pen? -I _(put) it in my pencil-box, but it s nowhere to be found.4. When _ you _(start) to live in China? 5. -The train _ (leave) already. -When _ the train _(leave)? 6. It is five years since I _(meet) you last. 7. Where _ you _(be) for the last two weeks? 8. I _ (lose) my pen in the bedroom. I have to write with a pencil. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页单项选择：( ) 1. -Where _ the recorder? I can t see it anywhere.- I _ it right here. But now it s gone!A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put C. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; have put ( ) 2. My father _ here since he _ to this school. A. taught; came B. has taught; came C. taught; has come D. has taught; has come ( ) 3. I am sorry you ve missed the train. It _ 10 minutes ago. (山东 ) A. left B. has left C. has been left D. had left ( ) 4. Hi! Jim! Nice to meet you again! It s one year since I last _ you.(重庆 ) A. saw B. see C. seeing D. have seen ( ) 5. - Have you visited the Dinosaur World, Elsa? （宁波）- Yes, I _ it yesterday. A. have visited B. had visited C. visited D. visit ( ) 6. - Nice to see you. I _ you for a long time. (南京 ) - I _ in Bejing. I ve just come back.A. hadn t seen; am B. haven t seen; wasC. didn t see; will beD. haven t seen; shall be( ) 7. -What is the weather like this summer here? - There _ very little rain. A. has B. has been C. are D. have been ( ) 8. When _you _ your dictionary? A. did; lose B. has; lost C. will; lose D. does; lose ( ) 9. Where _ you _? Which answer is not right? A. are; going B. have; been C. did; go D. are; doing ( ) 10. There _ many great changes in my hometown since ten years ago. A. were B. have C. are D. have been Keys: 动词填空：1. saw 2. Did, go 3. have, put, put 4. did, start 5. has left, did, leave 6. met 7. have, been 8. have lost 单项选择：15 BBAAC 610 BBADD 现在完成时练习题一、单项选择1. Li Hong has _ the army for 2 years. A. joined B. be in C. been in D. joined in 2. We have been friends since _. A. children B. five years C. five years ago D. five years before 3. Mike _ the story for a month. A. has bought B. has had C. had had D. has borrowed 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页4. You _ that question three times. A. already asked B. have already asked C. already have asked D. asked already 5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou _. A. since last week B. a week ago C. for a week D. since a week ago 6. I _ at this school for two years. A. am studying B. study C. studied D. have studied 7. They _ in the city since last summer. A. live B. di dn t live C. have lived D. live 8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _ 1992. A. since B. from C. after D. in 9. Mr. Black _ China since the summer of 1998. A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to 10. His father _ for years. A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies 11. Mary _ to see the films because she _ it twice. A. won t go, saw B. won t go, will see C. won t go, has seen D. didn t go, sees 12.- Would you like some more food? -Thank you. I _ enough. A. will have B. have had C. have D. had 13. _ you _ England? Yes, it _ a beautiful country. A. Will, gone to, was B.Have, been to, is C. Had, been to, is D.Have, gone to, is 14. -_ you _ to Beijing? -No, I _.I _ there early next month. A. Have, been, haven t, am going B. Had, been, hadn t, am going C. Have, gone, haven t, was going D. Did,go, didn t, was going 15. -You sister _ to London to study English. Is that true? -Yes , she _ there for two months. A. has been, has been B. will go, has gone C. gone, will be D. has gone, has been 16. He has a computer of his own. He _ it two days ago A. bought B. bought C. bought D. has bought 17. Where is Li Lei? He _ Shanghai. A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to D. goes to 18. He _ his homework and is now listening to music. A. finishes B. has finished C. finish D. is finishing 19. David _ Shanghai for more than three months. A. came to B. has been to C. has been in D. has come to 20. - Is your father a Party member? - Yes, he _ the party three years ago. He _ a Party member for three years. A. joined; has been B. has joined; has been C. was joined; is D. joined; was 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页21. -What a nice bike! How lone _ you _ it? -Just five weeks. A. will; buy B. did; buy C. are; having D. have; had 22. I _ this book for a week .I have to return it now. A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept 23. -_ your sister _ in Green China for a long time? -Yes. She joined it five years ago. A. Has; been B. Have; been C. Has; joined D. Have; joined 24. -How long have you _ from the USA? -For three months. A. come back B. returned C. go back D. been back 25. I _ this book for half a year. A. have bought B. have had C. bought D. had 26. The students are sorry to hear that famous singer _ for a year. A. has left B. has gone C. has been away D. has gone away 27. - _ you_ your homework yet? -Yes, I _ it just now. A. Did; do; finished B. Have; done; finished C. Have; done; have finished D. Will; do; finish 28. The sand storm weather _ in Beijing several times this year. A. happen B. happened C. has happened D. have happened 29. -How long have you been here? - _ last month. A. For B. Until C. Before D. Since 30. He _ a cold for three days. A. has caught B. has had C. has got D. caught 31. Jim Green _ in China for two years. A. has come B. has been C. has arrived D. came 32. The film _ for half an hour. A. has been on B. has begun C. hasn t begun D. began 33.Where have you _ these days？I have to Beijing with my friendsA. been；gone B. been；been C. gone；been D. gone； gone 34 How long have you _ this book ？A. bought B borrowed C had Dlent 35. We have lived here _ five years ago A. when B since Cbefore Dafter 36 I have watched the game When _you _ it ？Ahave； watched B do；watch Cdid；watch Dwill ；watch 37 How do you like Beijing, Mr. Black？Oh，I _ such a beautiful city Adont visit B didnt visit C havent visited D hadnt visited 38 Miss Brown _ to the Great Wall twice Ahave been Bhas been Chave gone Dhas gone 39.His brother has been to Stone Forest twice _ he came to YunnanAafter B before Csince Dfor 40 His grandpa _ for two years Awas died B has been dead C was dead D has died 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页41 Have you ever_ to Haikou ？Yes，I_ there with my family last AugustAgone； went Bbeen；went C been；went to D been；was in 42. His sister _ her hometown for three years. Shell return next year Aleft B has left C has been away Dhas been away from 以适当形式填空1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week. 2. - _ he _(finish) his work today ? -Not yet . 3. -_you _(be) to Hong Kong ? -Yes, I _ (be) there twice . 4. -_ you ever _(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? -No, never. 5. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 6. Where s Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teacher s office. 7. Shanghai _ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it _ (become) a large city. 8. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999. 9. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here. 10. -How long _ the Smiths _(stay)here? - For two weeks. 11. - I _ (see) the film “ Chicken Run” . - Where and when _ you _ (see) it? - Last week. 12. Mary _ already _ (have) her supper. 13. I _ (not want) to see the film. I _ (see) it with my parents. We _ (see) it last Sunday. 14. -_ Uncle Wang _ (mend) the TV yet? -Yes, he_. -When _ he _ it? - Yesterday. 15. _ you _ (read) today s newspaper yet? 16. They _already_(do) their homework. But they don t know what_ (do) next. 17. -_ you _ (see) the film last night? -No, I _ (see) it for several times. 18. She _ (be) ill for three days. 19. My father _ ( buy) a book for me yesterday. He_ already _(pay) fifty yuan for it. 20. She_ (not read) this book before. 21. _ you ever _ (travel) on a train before? 22. - _ Wei Hua _ (come) yet? -Yes. She_ (come) already. She _ (come) just now. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页23. -How long _you _(learn) English? -For more than two years. 24. They _ (live) in China since they _ (move) to China. 句型转换 (每空一词 )。1. I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句 ) I _ _ been to Macau before. 2. He hasn t come to school because he s ill (就划线部分提问) _ _ he come to school? 3. He has learned English for 5 years. (就划线部分提问) _ _ _ _ learned English ? 4. I bought a new bike just now. ( 用 just 改写 ) I _ just _a new bike. 5. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句 ) We _ _ English _ three years 6. He has lived here since 1999.(就划线部分提问) _ _ _ he_ here? 7. They have already finished the work. （否定）They _ _ the work _. 8. My father got there two days ago. （同义句）My father _ _ _ for two days. 9. Mr. Li began to teach English in this school in 1999. （同义句）Mr. Li _ _ English in this school since 1999. 10. The factory opened ten years ago.（同义句）The factory _ _ _ for ten years. 11.They have cleaned the room twice this week. ( 就划线部分提问) _ _ _ _ they _ the classroom this week? 12. My father went to England in 2003 and 2005. （同义句）My father _ _ _ England _. 13. John left Beijing three years ago. （同义句）John_ _ _ Beijing_ three years. 14. His company closed in 2003. （同义句）His company _ _ _ _ 2003. 15. My father bought the car half a year ago. （同义句）My father _ _ the car _ half a year. 16. We got to know each other for about 15 years. （同义句）We _ _ each other _ about 15 years. 17. The film began ten minutes ago. （同义句）The film _ _ _ for ten minutes. 18. I borrowed this book two weeks ago. （同义句）I _ _ this book for two weeks. 一、单项选择。1、 Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . （呼和浩特）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页. knew . have known . must know .will know 2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ? . already .never .ever . still 3、Have you met Mr Li _ ？. just . ago .before . a moment ago 4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 5、 Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . . know . had known . have known . knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . . will see . have seen . saw .see 9、 These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ? . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they gone 10、 _ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished . Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish 11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . . joined . has joined . was in . has been in 12、 Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . . were . have been . have become . have made 13、 How long have you _ here ? About two months . . been . gone . come . arrived 14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . . has begun . had begun . has been on . began 15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . . is . has . will . was 16、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . .has gone . went .will go . has been 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . . have been in . have been to . have gone to . have been 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页18、 The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. don t they C. have they D. haven t they19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20、 His uncle for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university 二、句型转换。1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句）2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) have they been here? 3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.( 同义句转换 ) This factory _ for twenty years. 5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换 ) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）Her mother _ the Party three years _ . 7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. ( 同义句转换 ) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France. 8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. ( 把两个句子合并成一个句子) _ 汉译英。1、 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。2、 他昨天收到一封信。3、 我父亲以前到过长城。4、 她还没有看过那部新电影。5、 她去过上海。6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？参考答案：一、单项选择。1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是。2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好） ，ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不） ，before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2 应选 B。3、C 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止） ，in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故4 应选 D。5、C 6、现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故 6 应选 C。7、C 8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次）， several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故8 应选 B。9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别： 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last week , a moment ago 等）连用。故9 的正确答案为B。10、 B 11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for 和 since 引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故11 的正确答案依次为：D。12、 B 13、A 14、C 15、A。16、 “have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）” ，指主语所指的人不在这儿。 “have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。 “have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。 ”故 16 的正确答案为 A。17、 A 18、D 19、C 20、C 二、句型转换。1、has he? 2、 How long 3、died, has been dead 4、has been open 5、has been away 6、joined；ago 7、It is, since 8、The bus has been here for ten minutes. 三、汉译英。1、Jim has finished doing his homework already. He is free now. 2、He received a letter yesterday. 3、My father has been to the Great Wall before. 4、She hasnt seen the new film yet. 5、She has been to Shanghai. 6、Where has he been these days ？精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页