升初二英语 第一讲1 一、学习目标1.复习初一一般现在时和一般过去时2.U1 L1-L3 同步课文主要语言点的回顾3.综合运用词汇和语法进行细节阅读和听力二、语法题目精讲精练（） 1 . The sun _ in the east and_ in the west. A. raises; set B. rise; sets C. rises; sets D. rises; set （）2. My father_ breakfast at home every day. A. hasnt B. isnt having C. doesnt have D. has had （）3. _ he _ a good time last Sunday? A. Were; were B. Did; do C. Did; has D. Did; have （）4. When he was a child, he_ in the garden in the morning. A. always plays B. always played C. plays always D. played always 两种时态总结：一般现在时:表示经常的习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 常用的频度副词有： 如：always 总是，usually 通常，often 经常，sometimes 有时，seldom 很少，never 从来不以及 every Sundays, every day/month/year 一构成： 1. be 动词：主语 +be(am,is,are)+ 其它。Eg：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词 (+其它 )。Eg：We study English. 我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it 或者其它事物)时，动词的形式如何呢？找规律：1.写出下列单词的第三人称单数形式并总结规律talk_forget_hope_stop_perform_ play_say_buy_worry_fly_study_ like_make_take_give_see_swim_stop_shop_plan_get_sit_let_wash_watch_ finish _ teach _ fish _reach _ go_ 动词三单的形式变化：1 在动词尾直接加s。如：want wants ， work works ，2 以字母 s、x、 ch 或 o 结尾的动词加 -es ；如：guess guesses ， fix fixes ， teach teaches ， go goes catch catches 3 以辅音字母y 结尾的动词，先变y 为 i，再加 -es。如：study studies，二一般现在时的基本用法（1）表示经常、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。He often has breakfast at home.他经常在家吃早饭。（2）表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。Does he speak French? Yes, only a little. 他讲法语吗？是的，只讲一点。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 10 页升初二英语 第一讲2 （3）表示普遍真理或客观存在。Two plus two is four. 2 加 2 等于 4. The earth moves around the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last night（昨晚）, two days ago, last week（上周） , just now（刚才） , once upon a time（从前）等。I went to Yuexiu park yesterday. Mr. Yang traveled to Cairo last weekend. 动词的过去式的构成规则有：、规则动词一般直接在动词的后面加ed，如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以 e结尾的动词直接加d；如 lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词，要改y 为 i 再加 ed，如 study studied；carry carried； worry worried 以 y 结尾的动词，在y 前为元音字母时加 ed ,qbeyobeyed enjoy-enjoyed 动词为单音节，以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,双写最后一个字母，再加-ed 如 stopped admittde 、常考的不规则动词的过去式：sing , eat , see , take , buy , get , read , fly , say , leave , swim , tell , draw , come , lose , find , drink , hurt , feel ，write- 规律：动词特殊形式变化类型原形过去式过去分词be 动词(ABC) am is are AAA型hithurtlet putread set shut spread精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 10 页升初二英语 第一讲3 AAB 型ABA型二一般过去时的基本用法：（1）表示在过去某个时间经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。We lived in Guangdong last year. 去年我们住在广东。（2）表示过去经常发生的或习惯性的动作。When I was young, I played games with my friends every day. 我小时候，每天都和朋友们玩游戏。再次回顾：一般现在时一般过去时含义结构句式be 动词否定式一般疑问句及回答特殊疑问句及回答实意动词否定式一般疑问句及回答特殊疑问句及回答there be 结构否定式一般疑问句及回答特殊疑问句及回答时间状语巩固练习一、根据所给词的适当形式填空1. Sometimes he _(go) to school on foot.2. The boy _(not bring ) his homework every day. 3._ _ _ _ _ _ y o u_ _ _ _ _ _ _ ( l i k e )E n g l i sh ?4. What _his father usually in the evening(do) ?5 . M r .L i u_ _ _ _ _ ( h a v e )n oc h i l d r e n . 6.We _(not have) lessons on Saturdays. 7.F o r t ypl u s f i f t y_ _ _ _ _ _ ( b e)n i ne t y . 8.My brother _ （like）playing football very much. _ your sister _(study) in this school two years ago? . There _(be) a little factory in this town in 2001.1 . Where _you _(work) last year? . When _you _(buy) the book? I _(buy) it when I _(be) ten years old.1 _he _(live) here? No, he didnt. 1. Can you _(work) out the math problem now?1 You should _(be) polite to your parents. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 10 页升初二英语 第一讲4 1 . H e m u s t _ _ _ _ _ _ ( b e )at h o m e n o w . You neednt _(come) here so early.二、精选易错题1. You _ to tell him the news. It will make him sad.A. needn t B. shouldn t C. couldn t D. don t need2. There _ so many beautiful toys that he didnt know which one to choose.Ais BareC wasDwere3. Now my father _ his bike to work every day instead of driving.A. ride B. rode C. rides D. will ride4. Our teacher, Miss Chen, _ English on the radio the day before yesterday. A. teachesB. taught C. will teachD. had taught 5. There _ a football game this afternoon. A. will have B. is going to be C. has )in Shanghai _from 12yuan to 14 Yuan last August.A. raised B. was raised C. has raised D. has been raised7. Little Tom _ while everybody else was listening to the teacher carefully.A. had slept B. will sleep C. slept D. was sleeping8. Sam usually _ his key to his neighbor when he is away from home.A. leaves B. has left C. will leave D. is leaving9.The book _ well in the bookstore. A. sells B. is sold C. sold D. has sold10. Jim_very hard, but he _still a little weak in Chinese. A. studies, is B. study is C. doesn t study, is三. 翻译练习，然后改成否定句和疑问句1.王先生一家每周末都一起去看电影。2.张老师刚才去图书馆了。3.我去年去欧洲旅游了。4.TOM 经常上学迟到。5.昨天这个桌子上有一本书，但是现在没有了。6.这些玫瑰花很漂亮。7.昨天我很累。三 . 同步词汇语法点汇总这些你会吗？1. What s the weather like in Shanghai ? (同义句 ) _ is the weather in Shanghai? 2.It is a good time to do sth. =It is a good time for sth. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页升初二英语 第一讲5 3. -Where have / has been for ?- have / has been to -Where have / has gone for ?-have/has gone to Step 2. 你知道如何形容天气吗？1.2.3.It s very cold and _ today. (snow)4.It is too hot today, and it s _(sun)5.On the winter morning, in the north, it is often _.(fog) 天气类的单词：sun-sunny fog-foggy wind-windy cloud-cloudy rain-rainy snow-snowy frost-frosty （其他天气的词：wet hot cold cool warm）Step 3. 看分数如何表达1/2 2/3 四 、课堂测试：1.She often _(watch) TV on Sundays. 2. _his mother _(cook)? Yes, she does. 3. She _(not play) the guitar last week. 4. _you _(see ) a film this morning? 5. We shouldn t _(talk) loudly in the classroom.6. They stopped here because they_ the way to the station. A. didn t know B. don t know C. will know7. The boys _only subjects last term, but this term they _ five. A. have, have B. had, had C. had, have 8. There _ twelve months in a year and January_ _ first. A. is, comes B. are, come C. are, comes 9.The trees must _ three times a week. A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页升初二英语 第一讲6 10. Do you like watching cooking programs on TV? -No, I don t, but my twin brother _. He s very fond of cooking.A. does B. do C. is D. are 11. We all know that English is _ useful language. A. a B. an C. the D./ 12. It is wise _ good use of time to learn. A. for us to make B. for us make C. of us to make D. of us making 13. John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School _ the foot of the mountain. A. on B. for C. with D. at 14. She was willing to do anything except _ me the name. A. told B. telling C. tell D. to tell 15. Dr. Smith, together with his wife, _ to arrive on the evening flight. A. are B. are going to C. is D. will be 16. The tower has been rebuilt so that it looks as if it _during the 12th century. A. could B. used to be C. was D. did 17. It is noisy outside; please get out to see what _. A. is happening B. happened C. has been happened D. is to happen 18. If you don t know a word, why not _ in a dictionary?A. look up it B. look for it C. look it up D. to look it up 19. When she saw the strange and funny person, she _. A. couldn t help to laughB. couldn t help laughing C. couldn t help laughD. couldn t help but laugh20.-What do you think of his _ play? -I like it much better than his _ one. A. last; latest B. latest; last C. later; last D. later; latest Step 4. 你能看懂听懂，并准确完成吗？(A) Choose the best answer Ill tell you a story about a Chinese student. The incident happened when he went to study in England. His family name was Sun. It is spelt S-U-N, just the same as the English word sun, the sun in the sky. England is a country with mixed weather. Sometimes it is cloudy or misty. Often it will rain. Many people think England doesnt get enough sunshine. When the Chinese student arrived at London Airport, a customs officer checked his passport. The customs officer was interested to find the Chinese name Sun in his passport. He thought it was pronounced just like the English word sun, so he said to the Chinese student, I see your name is Sun. You are wanted here. What a surprise it was to Mr. Sun to hear that! Everybody knows that if you are wanted by the police, you must have broken the law. Mr. Sun asked the customs officer, Is there something wrong with my passport? Do I have to go back to China? Go back? said the customs officer. Now that you are here, we 11 never let you leave. Why? What have I done? asked the Chinese student in surprise. He thought he was going to be arrested. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 10 页升初二英语 第一讲7 It was only then that the customs officer began to smile. He said, You dont know what you have done, Mr. Sun? Youve brought sunshine to England. Thats why we dont want you to leave. ( )1. This story took place_. A. at London Airport B. at a university C. in the street D. at a station ( )2. Why people in England want to see more of the sun? Because_. A England is a country with mixed weather B. England doesnt get enough sunshine C. it doesnt rain in England D. both A and B ( )3. Mr. Sun was very _when he heard that he was wanted. A. angry B. happy C. surprised D. moved ( )4. Why did the customs officer tell Mr. Sun he couldnt leave? Because _. A. Mr. Sun had broken the law B. the customs officer and Mr. Sun were friends C. Englishmen are never named Sun D. the customs officer liked Mr. Sun s family name and thought Mr. Sun would bring sunshine to England ( )5. Which of the following statements is correct? _ A. The customs officer arrested Mr. Sun. B. Mr. Sun stayed in England and studied there. C. Mr. Sun knew he had broken the law. D. Mr. Sun left England. (B)Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage The world outdoors is full of secrets. They are. so interesting that quite a lot of people are busy 1 them. All around us are birds, animals, trees and flowers. The facts about how they live and grow are as interesting as anything could be. Do you know that one of the great presidents of U. S. A. spent hours and hours studying birds businessman who lives near New York City became so interested in insects that he began to 2 them. He now has over one thousand different kinds carefully kept in glass boxes. Come then with me, and I will help you find some of nature secrets. Let s go quickly into the woods and fields. Here we shall find how a rabbit 3 the other rabbits that there is danger. We shall follow a mother bear and her young ones as they search for food and get ready for their long winter 4 . We shall watch bees dancing in air to let the other bees know where they can find food. I will show you many other interesting things, but the best thing that I can teach you is to keep your eyes open 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 10 页升初二英语 第一讲8 when you go 5 Nature tells her secrets only to people who look and listen carefully. ( )1. A. looking for B. keeping C. studying D. learning ( )2. A. kill B. catch C. collect D. keep ( )3. A. says B. tells C. asks D. speaks ( )4. A. rest B. trip C. holiday D. sleep ( )5. A. into B. inside C. between D. out (C)Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words How do you like to go to school on Oxford, England? There are no r 1 classes. The students go from one group to another when they want to. You may find students of fourteen, sixteen, or twenty-five years old all in the s 2 group. They work at their o 3 studies. Nobody tells them what they should or shouldn t be doing. The day I visited, school b 4 at nine. Some students were working at a tape recorder and listening to their lessons. Others were watching TV on maths. A group was reading in the school library. I didnt see anybody just sit doing n 5 . Everybody was studying. At lunch lime 1 could see students working, too. They were talking about their lessons while they were eating. When you think of these students, you can be sure it is one of the best students in the world. 1. r_ 2. s_ 3. o_4. b_ 5. n_ (E) Answer the questions What is the cleverest machine in history? If you re anything like nine out of ten people in the world, youll say its a computer, a machine with mathematical logic(数学逻辑that can reason (推理 ) in the same way as humans. Alan Matbison Turing never expected to be the father of a machine with such a title. He was born in London in 1912, the second of his parents two sons. His parents worked in India while Turing and his brother spent their childhoods in Britain. Turing s loneliness during this time may have led to his lifelong interest in how the human mind works. He believed that the mind creates its own world when the real world is not acceptable to it. At 13, he already showed a talent for mathematics. He wasnt perfect though. His teachers said his work was hard to read. After graduating from Cambridge University, he remained there as a teacher. At that time, his interest in the human mind led him to draw a machine. In 1937 , Turing wrote a report about his machine. However, few people understood what he was talking about. But the report changed Turing s whole life. After the start of World War II, the British Government ordered him to serve in a special department. The task of all those working there was to break codes used by the Nazi(纳粹 ). Turings talent shone in this top-secret work. He played a major role in designing an early 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 10 页升初二英语 第一讲9 computer-like machine that could decipher (破译 ) Nazi codes at high speed. After the war, he returned to Cambridge, and built a machine based on his ideas from 1937. 1. Where does Alan Mathison Turing come from? 2. What did Turing do in 1937? 3. What does the sentence If youre anything like nine out of ten people in the world mean? (in Chinese) 4. What was Turing interested in after he graduated from university? 5. What could the machine Turing helped to design do during World War II 五、课堂小结：本节课我学了1. 2. 3.并可以运用所学的单词和语法知识能够简单的阅读和推理。六、回家作业：翻译下面句子1.我曾经多次到过北京。2.那些花通常种植在花园里。3.如果你孤身一人在沙漠里，不要失去希望。4.应该在秋天去参观这个美丽的农场。5.一旦你接受了邀请，你最好不要变卦。选出最佳答案6. -You must let us know when you are in France. -Yes, I _. A. will B. must C. have to D. should 7. -Look! -I _ but I _ anything unusual. A. am looking; don t see B. have looked; see C. looked; have looked D. was looking; wasn t seeing 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 10 页升初二英语 第一讲10 8. -I hear another new building _, isn t it? -Yes, it _ in two months. A. is building; will complete B. is being built; will be completed C. has been built; is completed D. is built; will finish 9. On the second floor, _ a young man, who was an artist. A. there had B. there lived C. there have D. there has 练习卷答案 . Filling the best choice in the blank in each sentence : 单项选择题：1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A C C D D B C D B A 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 B A C B B A B A B B 阅读答案 (a) I. A 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. B (b) 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. D (c) 1. real 2. same 3. own 4. began 5. nothing (d) 1. London. 2. He wrote a report about his machine. 3. 十之有九你会这么认为4. He was interested in the human mind. 5. It could decipher Nazi codes at high speed. . Translation into English汉译英61. I have ever been to Beijing many times. 62. The flowers are usually planted in gardens. 63. If you find yourself in the deserts, dont be disappointed. 64. The beautiful farm should be visited in autumn. 65. Once you have accepted an invitation, it s better not to change your mind. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 10 页