UESTC GENERAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST FOR MASTER STUDENTS OF ENGINEERING 电子科技大学工程硕士学位英语考试Jan. 9, 2005 注意事项：所有答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试卷上无效。Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20 points) Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word, or mark your answer with a pencil on ANSWER SHEET by filling in the bracket with the corresponding letter . 1.Geographers use surveying equipment to measure distance and to fix the precise location of surface features. A. determine B. inspect C. review D. exhibit 2.A person who deals with the public must be courteous at all times, even when he or she is very tired. A. forthright B. polite C. decisive D. neat 3.If Dr. Smith is incompetent, he should be removed from his position. A. thrifty B. boundless C. permissible D. incapable 4.According to a United States law passed in 1986, states participating in daylight saving time simultaneously advance their clocks one hour on the last Sunday in April. A. conceptually B. systematically C. at the same time D. empirically 5.An understanding of the quantum theory is vital in the study of solid-state physics. A. soluble B. essential C. incisive D. viral 6.Because of the austerity program, car makers are especially vulnerable to the downturn. A. voluntary B. susceptible C. peaceful D. problematic 7.This is a clear indictment of government mismanagement. A. sign B. statement C. accusation D. injustice 8.Certain abilities and traits help qualify a person for an engineering career. A. treats B. viruses C. attributes D. merits 9.People who work in offices are frequently referred to as white collar workers . A. regarded B. concerned with C. applied to D. related to 10. The hotel manager said he intended to lay off the less efficient members of his staff. A. put off B. turn off C. give up D. dismiss 11. He turned up his _ to protect his neck from the wind. A. collar B. sleeve C. cap D. scarf 12. He thinks all animal food is harmful so he lives on bread, vegetables and _. A. eggs B. cheese C. beans D. fruit 13. Many elderly people find painting pictures a relaxing and enjoyable _. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 10 页A job B. employment C. work D. occupation 14. The car stopped so _ that the one behind almost ran into it. A. immediately B. closely C. soon D. suddenly 15. Difficulties often _ in keeping traffic moving after a heavy snowstorm. A. arise B. happen C. become D. appear 16. Everybody _ him on the standard of his performance. A. cheered B. congratulated C. applauded D. clapped 17. Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is _. A. granted B. exaggerated C. implied D. remedied 18. I didn t know the word. I had to _ a dictionary. A. make out B. look out C. go over D. refer to 19. In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took _ trouble over the figures. A. extra B. extensive C. spare D. supreme 20. Putting in a new window will _ cutting away part of the roof. A. contain B. comprise C. include D. involve Section B Directions: In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your answer with a pencil on ANSWER SHEET by filling in the bracket with the corresponding letter. 21. But for the rain we _ our destination before five yesterday. A. reached B. would have reached C. would reach D. will reach 22. I would rather _ him about it. A. you won t tell B. you didn t tellB. you do not tell D. you not tell 23. I took it for granted _ they were not coming. A. what B. which C. that D. if 24. The Olympic Games upholds the ideal that _ matters is not winning but participating. A. it B. what C. that D. whether 25. The molecules of a solid tend to resist _. A. being separated B. to be separated C. separating D. will separate 26. However hard _, he still failed in the exam. A. he tried B. he has tried C. he would have tried D. had he tried 27. The risk the financial commission is taking is greater than _. A. the bank B. the banksC. bank D. bank risk 28. Though _ in a large city, he has always preferred to live a simple life. A. grown B. rose C. raised D. cultivated 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 10 页29. All her roommates _ back home, she didn t want to stay in the dorm.A. having gone B. going C. had gone D. went 30. If we _ succeed, we would be rich. A. should B. would C. can D. did 31. This is the most beautiful painting _ I have ever seen. A. which B. what C. it D. that 32. I have told you all _ you ought to know. A. what B. it C. that D. which 33. It was because he has a cautious nature _ he wasn t involved in that financial scandal. A. why B. that C. how D. if 34. Many a woman _ higher education nowadays. A. had received B. have received C. has received D. receiving 35. _ we get some rain soon, there will be little fruit this summer. A. If B. In case C. Unless D. Provided 36. I have done nothing except _ what I should. A. do B. doing C. to do D. done 37. He was never heard _ English. A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. spoken 38. His idea was that she _ there half an hour ahead of time. A. must get B. get C. would get D. gets 39. _ to help was a great encouragement to us. A. They come B. Their coming C. They came D. Them come 40. It is no use _ him a letter. It s too late already.A. to write B. write C. wrote D. writing Part II. Cloze (10 points) Directions: Read the passage through and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A,B,C or D for each blank in the passage . There was a time when parents who wanted an educational present for their children would buy a type-writer, a globe ( 地球仪 ) or a set of encyclopedia. Now those 41 seem hopelessly old-fashioned: this Christmas, there were a lot of personal computers under the Christmas tree. 42 that computers are their key to success, parents are also insist that children 43 taught to use them in school-as early as possible. The problem for schools is that when it44 computers, parents dont always know best. Many schools are 45 parental impatience and are purchasing hardware without sound educational planning, so they can say, OK, weve moved into the computer age. Teachers found themselves caught in the middle of the problem-between parent pressure and clever educational decisions. Educators do not even agree on how computers should be used. A lot of money is going for computerized educational materials 46 research has shown can be taught equally with pencil and paper. Even those who believe that all children should have access to computer warn of 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 10 页potential 47 to the very young. The temptation remains strong largely because young children 48 so well to computers. First graders have been seen willing to work for two hours on math skills. Some have an attention span of 20 minutes. 49 school can afford to go into computing and that creates yet another problem: a division between the haves and have-nots. Very few parents ask for computer instruction in poor school districts, 50 there may be barely enough money to pay the reading teacher. 41. A. projects B. toys C. sets D. series 42. A. Given B. Provided C. Convinced D. Believed 43. A. are B. be C. are being D. were 44. A. talks about B. comes to C. turns to D. mentions 45. A. ignorant of B. blaming C. yielding to D. improving 46. A. however B. where C. what D. that 47. A. approaches B. exposures C. dangers D. laziness 48. A. adopt B. keep C. adapt D. devote 49. A. High B. Not every C. No D. Any 50. A. which B. in there C. that D. where Part III Reading Comprehension (40 points) Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this unit. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark it with a single line through the center. Passage 1 Believe it or not, optical illusion can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons (人字形 ) painted in the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatest curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars. Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents. 51. The passage mainly discusses_. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页A.a new way of highway speed control B.a new pattern for painting highways C.a new approach to training drivers D.a new type of optical illusion 52. On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that _. A.they should avoid speed-related hazards B.they are driving in the wrong lane C.they should slow down their speed D.they are approaching the speed limit 53. The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former _. A.can keep drivers awake B.can cut road accidents in half C.will have a longer effect on drivers D.will look more attractive 54. The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to _. A.try out the Japanese method in certain areas B.change the road signs across the country C.replace straight, horizontal bars with chevrons D.repeat the Japanese road patterns 55. What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads? A They are falling out of use in the United States. B. They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time. C. They are applicable only on road roads. D. They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles. Passage 2 Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “ fit” in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on. The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly. A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese farmer or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, and by our pocketbook(钱包 ) as well. Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited. 56. In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that statuses can help us _. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页A.determine whether a person is fit for a certain job B.behave appropriately in relation to other people C.protect ourselves in unfamiliar situations D.make friends with other people 57. According to the writer, people often assume different statuses _. A.in order to identify themselves with others B.in order to better identify others C.as their mental processes change D.as the situation changes 58. The word “ appraisal” (Paragraph 2) most probably means “ _ ”.A. involvement B. appreciation C. assessment D. presentation 59. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun “ it ” refers to “ _ ”.A.fitting our actions to those of other people appropriately B.identification of other people s statusesC.selecting one s own statusesD.constant mental process 60. By saying that “ an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese farmer or that of a Hindu prince” (Paragraph 3), the writer implies _.A.different people have different styles of clothes B.ready-made clothes may need alterations C.statuses come ready made just like clothes D.our choice of statuses is limited Passage 3 Crime in the cities has had more publicity than crime in the suburbs, but in recent years many of suburbs have found their crime rates increasing faster than those of cities. One crime prevention aid is the Neighborhood Watch Program started five years ago and is sponsored by the National Sheriffs ( 司法长官 ) Association. The aim is to get people to watch out for their neighbors. They are asked to be alert for any unusual activity, such as strangers who may be bringing things out of a house to an unfamiliar waiting vehicle. Vandalism (破坏行动 ) is also a target of the program. Children are much less likely to run around with spray cans if they know that neighbors are alert and that they will probably be caught. The program should fit the specific neighborhood and be practical with the knowledge and cooperation of the sheriffs office and the police department. So far, 2,300 programs have been set up with at least one in every state in the Union. In some cases, Neighborhood Watch Program has been set up, including one and one- half to seven million citizens at a federal government s cost from 5 to 22 cents per person. The national office supplies sheriffs and local office departments with program materials, crime prevention literature, and ideas on making homes more secure. Statistics show that this system works and is working better all the time. 61. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A.There has been as much crime in the cities as in the suburbs. B.Crime increases at the same rate in both the cities and the suburbs. C.Crime rates increase slower in the cities than in the suburbs. D.There has been more crime in the suburbs than in the cities. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 10 页62. Which of the following activities is not affected by the Neighborhood Watch Program? A.Neighbors quarrel with each other. B.Strangers take things out of a house. C.Children run everywhere with spray cans. D.Vandals(破坏者 ) walk around the neighborhood. 63. What is the purpose of the Neighborhood Watch Program? A.To replace the sheriff s and policeman s duties.B.To get the people united together so that they can become better friends. C.To make people less doubtful of their neighbors. D.To decrease the neighborhood crime rate. 64. How far has the program gone? A.The federal government assists in financing a national Neighborhood Watch Program. B.Many thousands of neighborhoods have organized them. C.It costs the government between 22 and 25 cents per person. D.Some states haven t become involved yet.65. The national office contributes a lot to Neighborhood Watch Program, including all the following actions except _. A.providing program materials to local office departments B.supplying crime prevention literature C.spreading preventive ideas in order to make neighborhood more secure D.setting up clubs to give instructions Passage 4 Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood. Not only was there the tragic incident involving the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by incidents caused principally by national contests. One country received its second-place medals with visible indignation after the hockey final. There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, the losers objecting to final decisions. They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents victory was unfair. Their manager was in a rage when he said: This wasnt hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished. The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least two years. The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia, after a disputable end to their contest. The game had ended in disturbance. It was thought at first that the United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play. A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another player popped it into the basket. It was the first time the USA had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 10 页Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism. 66 . According to the author, recent Olympic Games have _. A. created goodwill between the nations B. bred only false national pride C. barely showed any international friendship D. led to more and more misunderstanding and hatred 67. What did the manager mean by saying, .Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished (Paragraph 2)? A.His team would no longer take part in international games. B.Hockey and the Federation are both ruined by the unfair decisions. C.There should be no more hockey matches organized by the Federation. D.The Federation should be dissolved. 68. The basketball example implied that _, A. too much patriotism was displayed in the incident B. the announcement to prolong the match was wrong C. the appeal jury was too hesitant in making the decision D. the American team was right in rejecting the silver medals 69. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? A. The Organization of the Olympic Games must be improved. B. Athletes should compete as individuals in the Olympic Games. C. Sports should be played competitively rather than for the love of the game. D. International contests are liable for misunderstanding between nations. 70. The author s tone is _.A.satire B.supportive C.critical D.humorous Part IV English-Chinese Translation (15 points) Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET . Applied research and development differs in several important respects from pure science. Since the objective can often be definitely mapped out before hand, the work lends itself to organized effort. If successful, the results of applied research are of definitely practical or commercial value. The very heavy expenses of such work are, therefore, undertaken by private organizations only in the hope of ultimately recovering the funds invested. The distinction between applied and pure research is not a hard and fast one, and industrial scientists may tackle specific problems from broad fundamental view points. But it is important to emphasize that there is a perverse (反常的，倒错的) law governing research. Under the pressure for immediate results, and unless deliberate policies are set up to guard against this, applied 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 10 页research invariably drives out pure science. Part V Writing (15 points )Directions: Write an article of no less than 150 words according to the following topic:“What are the important and necessary characteristics that a qualified engineer must have ?”- END - 注意：所有答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试卷上无分。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 10 页参考答案1-5 ABDCB 6-10 BCCAD 11-15 ADCDA 16-20 BBDAD 21-25 BBCBA 26-30 DBCAA 31-35 DCBCD 36-40 ACBBD 41-45 BCBBC 46-50 DCCCD 51-55 ACCAB 56-60 BDCAD 61-65 CADAD 66-70 CBAAC （英译汉参考译文）应用研究与开发在诸多重要的方面有别于纯科学研究。前者的研究目的通常事先就能确定，因而利于有组织地进行。应用研究如果做得成功的话，其成果必然具有实用价值，即商业价值。因此，私人机构之所以承担进行这种研究所需的极其高昂的研制费，目的只在于期望最终收回投资。应用研究与纯科学研究并不是截然分开的，因为工程科学家们可以从广泛的基础科学角度去处理具体问题。但值得强调的是：支配科学研究的，有一条逆反律，除非制定专门的政策以防止这个逆反律。否则，在急于求成的压力下，应用科学研究肯定会排挤掉纯科学研究。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 10 页