名师总结优秀知识点英语语法专项 之 状语从句1. 时间状语从句2. 条件状语从句3. 原因状语从句4. 结果状语从句5. 比较状语从句6. 目的状语从句7. 让步状语从句8. 地点状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词， 副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表：时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before，as long as （长达之久）条件 If, unless,as/so long as( 只要) 原因 As, because, since ，as/so long as( 既然,因为 ) 地点 Where 目的 So that(为了), in order that 结果 So that（方便） , sothat, such that 让步 though, although, even if, however 方式 As 比较 than, (not)as as 1. 时间状语从句时间状语从句 常见的从属连词有： (注意其汉语意义 ) when, while, as, before, after, since, until (till) once as soon as, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, each/every time, the first time, the last time, next time, by the time, whenever等。例如：Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to my help. I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. 注意： （1）when, while, as的区别：1)when引导从句时，主从句的动作有先有后，也可以同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。如：When I got to the airport, the plane had already taken off. （主先从后）（短暂性）When I lived there, I used to go to the seaside on Sundays. (同时) （持续性）When the movie ended, the people went back. （从先主后）2)while 侧重主从句动作的对比，且从句的动词必须是持续性的。如：While we were chatting she was looking at the time table on the wall 3)as引导从句时侧重主从句动作同时或几乎同时进行，从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。如：Sometimes I watch TV as I am having breakfast 4）when和 while 还可以是并列连词，意思分别是“就在这时”， “然而” 。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点如：I was having a rest on the sofa when the telephone rangThey were surprised that a child should work out the problem while they couldn t . 注：并列连词 when常用与以下句型中：was/were doing when（正在做突然）was/were about to do when（刚要做突然）was/were on the point of doing when(刚要做突然 ) had just done when.(刚一就 ) Hardly/Scarcely haddonewhen(刚一就 ) (2)before引导从句时 ,词义非常灵活，注意下列句子中的before的词义：1.Before I could get in a word, the tailor had measured me.( 还没来得及就 ) 2.We hadn t run a mile before he felt tired.(还没就 ) 3.We had sailed 4 days before we saw land.(才 ) 4.Please write it down before you forget it.( 趁还没就 ) (3)till (until) 和 nottill (until) 1） till (until): 主句谓语动词必须是持续性的，意思是“到为止“如：He remained there till/until she arrived. 2） nottill (until) : 主句谓语动词必须是短暂性的，意思是“直到才”如：She wont go to bed till/until he returns home. 3） notuntil 还有强调式和倒装式：强调句： It is not until he returns home that she will go to bed. 倒装句： Not until he returns home will she go to bed. (4)几个极易混淆的时间状语从句：1） It was +时间点 +when（当的时候时间是）It was 5 am when we arrived at the village. 2） It was/will be+时间段 +before(没过就过了才 ) It was/will be two weeks before we met/meet again. 3） It is /has been + 时间段+since（自从以来有）It is/has been 3 years since we last met. 突破点：一看 be动词的时态，二看时间段还是时间点。注意：在“It is /has been + 时间段+since”句型中，从句的动词必须是短暂性的，如果是延续性的动词，时间要从从句的动作结束时算起。如：It is 3 years since I smoked.( 我戒烟有三年了 ) 补充：as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no soonerthan, hardly/scarcely.when.和 once这些从属连接词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一就”。从句中一般时态代替将来时态。every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time 等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当.，每次 .；下次”等。 1. It was quiet _ those big trucks started coming through the town. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点A. before B. after C. until D. unless 2. It seemed only seconds _ the boy finished washing his face. A. when B. before C. after D. even if 3. Hardly had he reached the school gate _ the bell rang. A. while B. when C. as D. as soon as 4.We were told that we should follow the main road _ we reached the central railway station. A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever 5. I recognized you _ I saw you at the airport. A. the moment B. while C. after D. once 6. He was about to go to bed _ the doorbell rang. A. while B. as C. before D. when 7._I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. A. Every time B. When C. While D. Until 8. _ John was watching TV , his wife was cooking. A. As B. As soon as C. While D. Till 9. The children ran away from the orchard( 果园) _ they saw the guard. A. the moment B. after C. before D. as 10. No sooner had I arrived home _ it began to rain. A. when B. while C. as D. than 11. Several weeks had gone by _ I realized the painting was missing. A. as B. before C. since D. when 12. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment. A. will not be; will know B. is; will know C. will not be know D. is; know 13. What was the party like? -Wonderful. It s years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. after B. before C. when D. since 14. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she_. A. will arrive B. arrives C. is going to arrive D. is arriving 15. _ got into the room _ the telephone rang. A. He hardly had; then B. Hardly had he; when C. He had not; then D. Not had he; when 16. No sooner had he finished his talk _ he was surrounded by the workers. A. as B. then C. than D. when 17. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? -Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once 18. I thought her nice and honest _ I met her. A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time 19. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _ from the university next year. A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate 20. The moment the 28th Olympic Games _ open, the whole world cheered. A. declared B. have been declared C. have declared D. were declared 答案： CBBBA DACAD BCDBB CBCCD 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点2. 条件状语从句条件状语从句引导词： if(如果) ,unless(除非), in case(以防) 时态：主将从现 (可能会发生的事情 ) 主现从现 (肯定会发生 /祈使句) 1.if 引导的条件状语从句，可位于前面或后面，但是如果放在后面，主从句用逗号隔开。引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if， 常见的 if 条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生， 条件是可能存在的， 主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如： If you ask him，he will help you如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。If you fail in the exam，you will let him down 如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。 If you have finished the homework， you can go home 如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。另外，if 从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。 从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。如： If I were you，I would invite him to the party如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。 I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic 要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。另外你还要注意 if 条件句的时态搭配1if 从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时If he runs hell get there in time. 如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。2if 从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can If the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted. 如果雾在大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。If it stops snowing we can go out. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。 3if 从句用一般现在时，主句用must/should If you want to lose weight you must/should eat less bread. 如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。4if 从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时If you heat ice it turns to water. ( 也可用 will turn) 如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。 5if 从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时If you are looking for Peter youll find him upstairs. 如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。6if 从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时If you have finished dinner Ill ask the waiter for the bill. 如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点注意 ：学习 if 引导的条件状语从句的用法,现在总结一下 : if 条件句不一般 ,几个要点记心间 ; 条件句 ,放在前,逗号要放句中间。条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。如： We can walk there if we cant find a bus . If it rains tomorrow ,we will not go to the zoo. What will you do if you find a panda in danger. 如果 if 条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件，则主从句大多用一般现在时态。如： If bears are in danger ,they attack people. 在 if 引导的条件状语从句中， if 和条件句位置灵活，可直接放在主句后面，若 if 条件句放句首， 从句后面要加逗号，和主句隔开。还要注意前后时态一致原则if 条件状语从句的时态练习一在正确的答案下划一条线。1.Daina ( will go/go/goes) to Europe if she (will pass/pass/passes) the exams . 2. The graduates (will teach/teach/teaches) in the poor village if the Ministry of Education (will agree/ agree/agrees) soon. 3. If there (will be/ are/is) a car accident, they (will call/call/calls) 110 for help at once. 4. If it (wont/don t/doesn t/isn t) rainy, we (will take/ take/takes) walk outside. 5. If a UFO (will land/land/lands) in front of me, I (will go/go/goes) in to look for the alien. 6. If he (will have/have/has) money, he (will bulid/build/builds) a science lab. 7.Dont wait for me if I (am/ will be) late. 8.They (wont/don t) go to the beach if it (will rain/rain /rains). 9. I (will call/ call) you if he (will stay/stay /stays) at home. 10. Mr Smith (will let/ let/lets) you know if he (will need/ need/ needs) help. 11. (Will / Do/ Does) he visit the museum if he (wont / dont/ doesnt) get tired? 12. Where (will/ do/does) they live if they (will miss/ miss/ misses) the bus? 二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.If you _(feel) tired, you _ (have) to have a rest. 2. Where _ he _(see) the film if he _(have) time? 3. If there _(be) fewer trees, there _( be) more pollution. 4. He _(dress) more casually if he _( not work) on weekends. 5. If Marcia _(live) alone, she _( keep) a pet parrot. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点 6. Lana _( buy) a new dress if the old one _(be) out of style. 7.The twins _(fight) if they_(argue). 8. I _(have) a bake sale if I _(need) money for education. 9. Peter _( send) me a beautiful souvenir if he _(tour) Spain. 10. If Mr Green _(say) I am hard- working, my parents _( feel) glad. 11.I _(go) to the beach if it_ ( not rain) this wee 12. _they _( have) a match if the P.E. teacher _(be) busy? 13.He _(write) a letter to his grandparents if he _(get) his report card this week. 14. If she _(get) up late, she _ ( not catch) the early bus. 15. Peter _(major) in English if he _(pass) the exams in Peking University. 15.如果他到的晚了会发生什么事情？What _ if he _ late? 16. 如果努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。If you_ _, you _ good _. 17. 他如果看电视太久了，他的父母会不高兴。 If he _ TV too much, his parents _ _ unhappy. 18. 如果我们为他组织生日聚会，大家都会来的。 Everyone _ if we _ a birthday party _ him. 19. 如果明天不下雨，我会和你一起去公园的。 If it _ _ tomorrow, I _ go to the park _ you. 20. 如果她睡过头了，就会旅游迟到的。 She;_ the trip if she _. 21. 如果他有空，他会帮助你的。If he _, he _ you. 22. 如果 Tom 考试不及格，他就没有机会上高中了。Tom _have the _to go to the _high school if he _ the exams. 23. 你如果抄同学的作业就不能学好各门功课。You _ _ good at all the subjects if you _ the other students homework. .单项选择（ 15 分）1.If you _ to the party, youll have a great time. A. will go B. went C. go D. going 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点2. It will be a long time _ Peter _ his work. A. since, has finished B. after, finishes C. when, will finish D. before, finishes. 3. What will father _ us from Japan? A. take B. bring C. carry D. make 4. Weifang is famous _ kites. A. for B. to C. on D. with 5 I _ her the answer if she _me. A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks 6. What are you going to do tomorrow? - We ll go to the library tomorrow if it _. A. isn t rain B. rain C. wont rain D. doesnt rain 7.Do you know when he will come back tomorrow? -Sorry, I dont know. When he _ back, I ll tell you. A. comes B. will come C. come D. may come 8. What will you do if you _ to the old folk s home visit? A. go B. went C.going D. will go 9. If I eat _ food, I ll be very fat. A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too 10. I ll give the book to him if he _ here next Sunday. A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came 11. There _an English film in our school tomorrow. A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D. has 12. Could you tell us where _ ？ A. will the next Olympic Games held B. the next Olympic Games will be held C. would the next Olympic Games be held D. the next Olympic Games would be held 13. When my mother returned last night, I _ a book. A. read B. am reading C. was reading D. am going to read 14.What _ you _ when it began to rain? A. do, do B. were, doing C. are, doing D. did, do 15. I ll wake you up when he _back. A. will B. is going to come C. comes D. come 1-5 CDBAD 6-10 DAACB 11-15 CBCBC 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点e.g.I will call you if I come. 或 If I come, I will come.( 主将从现 ) 如果明天不下雨，我们将去野炊。_ If you drop the vase,it falls into pieces.( 主现从现 ) 如果你摔花瓶的话，它就会变成碎片。如果你把水冷却的话，它就会变成冰。_ If you have any problems,please call me. 如果你知道答案，请举手。_ 2.unless引导的条件状语从句，位置和if 引导的一样。 Unless=if.not E.g. If you dont study hard,you will not pass the exam. =Unless you study hard,you will not pass the exam. 除非你努力工作，否则你不会得到高工资。（high salary） 。_ _ 3.条件状语从句和祈使句之间的转换。结构：祈使句， and/or +从句 （and:那么 or 否则）1.) Work hard,and you will get a high salary. =If you work hard, you will get a high salary. 2.)Work hard,or you will not get a high salary. =Unless you work hard, you will not get a high salary. =If you dont work hard, you will not get a high salary. 练习一在正确的答案下划一条线。1.Daina ( will go/go/goes) to Europe if she (will pass/pass/passes) the exams . 2. The graduates (will teach/teach/teaches) in the poor village if the Ministry of Education (will agree/ agree/agrees) soon. 3. If there (will be/ are/is) a car accident, they (will call/call/calls) 110 for help at once. 4. If it (wont/don t/doesn t/isn t) rainy, we (will take/ take/takes) walk outside. 5. If a UFO (will land/land/lands) in front of me, I (will go/go/goes) in to look for the alien. 6. If he (will have/have/has) money, he (will bulid/build/builds) a science lab. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点3. 原因状语从句A、引导原因状语从句的连词原因状语从句一般由从属连词because, as, since ，now that 引导。B、because, as, since 和 now that的区别： 1、because “因为” ，表示直接的原因，语气最强。 1）why 提问的句子，必须用because回答。2）because的从句常放在主句之后。3）because 不能与 so连用。4）because+ 从句； because of+ 名词短语 I missed the train because I got up late. He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise. -Why didnt he come yesterday? -Because he was ill. because和 so不能同用在一个句子里。注意：“not . because ”结构中的 not 否定的是 because引导的整个从句， 例如： The country is not strong because it is large. 国强不在大。2、as “因为” ，语气较弱，一般放在主句前，中间用逗号隔开，表示的是明显的原因。 As he was not well, I decided to go there without him. As it was raining hard, we had to be indoors. 3、since/ now that “既然” ，一般放在主句前，中间用逗号隔开，表示的是明显的原因或众所周知的事实。Since/ Now that this method doesn t work, lets try another. Since/ Now that you feel ill, youd better not go to work. C、for 引导的并列句与原因状语从句的辨析并列连词 for“因为” ，引导的不是从句， 而是并列分句， 只能放在主句之后，不能放在句首， 常用逗号把它和前面的分句隔开。对主句补充说明理由或推断原因。 It rained last night, for the ground is wet. She must have gone out early, for she had not come for breakfast. Exercise: 一、填入恰当的连词1. I didn t go to school yesterday _ I was ill. 2. _ everybody is here, let s begin our meeting. 3. _ you are in poor health, you should not stay up late. 4. I asked her to stay to tea, _ I had something to tell her. 5. _ all the passengers are here, why don t we start at once? 6. Bill won t make any progress _ he doesn t study harder than before. 7. He might have gone to bed, _ the light went out. 二、 改写句子 ,保持句意不变1) The ship changed its course because there was a storm. The ship changed its course _ _ _ _. 2) Because he was ill, he didn t go to school. He was ill, _ he didn t go to school. 3) He couldnt walk because his leg was broken. He couldnt walk _ _ his _ leg. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点4) I came back because it was raining heavily. I came back _ _ the _ rain. 三、回家作业：一、填入恰当的连词1. _ you do not understand, I will explain again. 2. _ Jane was the oldest in this family, she had to look after the others. 3. He must be ill, _ he is absent today. 4. The teacher must be strict with you _they want you to make great progress. 5. _your father is well again, you no longer have anything to worry about. 6. The day breaks, _the birds are singing. 7. _ you are ill, youd better go to see the doctor. 8. _ she was late for class, she had to say sorry. 二、 选择恰当的答案1. The man cant get on the bus _ there is no room on it. A. though B. because C. until D so that 2. _ her daughter hadnt come back, _ she looked worried. A. Because, / B. Because, so C. Though, but D. Though, / 3._ youve got a chance, you might make full use of it. A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as 4. He found it difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. A. and B. for C. but D. or 5. A man cannot smile like a child, _ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone. A. so B. but C. and D. for 原因状语从句练习题I. 在下列句子的空格中填入适当的连词(每空一词 )：1. _ Jane was the eldest, she looked after the others. 2. _ you know it, I wont repeat it. 3. He didnt hear the knock at the door _ he was listening to the radio. 4. Why didnt you come? _ my father wouldnt let me. 5. _ _ everybody is here, lets begin the discussion. II. 句型转换 (把下列复合句转换为简单句)： I)把从句简化为 because of 结构：1. He lay in bed because he had caught a bad cold. 2. He couldnt walk because his leg was broken. 3. I came back because it was raining. 4. They stayed in because the weather was bad. 5. We didnt get home till after midnight because we had missed the bus. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点II)把从句简化为分词短语：6. As he is a warmhearted man, he is always ready to help others. 7. As he saw nobody in, he decided to leave a note. 8. Because he didnt understand its meaning, he asked the teacher to explain the word. 9. As he had lived in Beijing for many years, he knew the city very well. 10. As I have not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 11. As they were influenced by Lei Fengs example, they did a lot of good deeds. 12. As he was brought up in the countryside, he was not used to the city life. III) 把从句简化为形容短语：13. Because he was afraid of being late for class, Bob ran to school as fast as he could. 14. As he was full of ear, Crusoe left the cave in a hurry. 15. As he was anxious for a quick decision, the chairman called for a vote. Key: I. 1. As 2. Since 3. because 4. Because 5. Now that/Seeing that II. 1. He lay in bed because of a bad cold. 2. He couldnt walk because of a/his his broken leg. 3. I came back because of the rain. 4. They stayed in because of the bad weather. 5. We didnt get home till after midnight because of missing the bus. 6. Being a warm-hearted man, he is always ready to help others. 7. Seeing nobody in, he decided to leave a note. 8. Not understanding its meaning, he asked the teacher to explain the word. 9. Having lived in Beijing for many years, he knew the city very well. 10. Not having seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 11. Influenced by Lei Fengs example, they did a lot of good deeds. 12. Brought up in the countryside, he was not used to the city life. 13. Afraid of being late for class, Bob ran to school as fast as he could. 14. Full of ear, Crusoe left the cave in a hurry. 15. Anxious for a quick decision, the chairman called for a vote. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点4. 结果状语从句结果状语从句，结果状语从句的用法：结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。、1.由 so that（从句谓语一般没有情态动词）， so that ， such that 等引导。结果状语从句表示结果，通常位于主句之后。so that 可以引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。He worried so that he couldn t sleep.他急得睡不着。(so that 引导结果状语从句) It was very cold, so that the river froze. 天气寒冷，河水都结冰了。 (so that 引导结果状语从句) I came to the class early so that I could see the classmate beside me.我赶早来上课，以便早点看到我旁边的同学。(so that引导目的状语从句) 1. She sat behind me so that I couldn t see her. 2. His anger was such that he lost control of himself. 3. The problem was so difficult that I couldn t solve it. 4.He is so young that he can t join the army. 5. It was such an exciting film that we couldn t forget it. 2. 表示 “ 如此 以致 ” 的“ so. that.”和“ such. that.”均可引导结果状语从句，其中的such 是形容词，修饰名词；so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词，具体的搭配形式是：so adj./adv. that so adj.(a/an)n.that；such(a/an)(adj.)n.that。so many/ much / little/ few adj.n. 比较：so 和 such 其规律由so 与 such 的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little 连用，形成固定搭配。so foolish, such a fool , so nice a flower, such a nice flower , so many flowers, so few flowers, such nice flowers, so much money, so little money, such rapid progress, so many people, such a lot of people, 例如：He speaks so fast that no one can catch him. 他说话太快，无人听得明白。I have had so many falls that I m black and blue.我摔了如此多跤以至我全身青红紫绿。There are so few books that I can t give you one . 书如此之少以至我不能给你一本。They are such interesting movies that I want to see them again and again . 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点They are so many interesting movies that I want to see them again and again . Our country has so much coal that she can export large quantities. 我们国家的煤炭非常丰富，可以大量出口。The shop sells so expensive goods that I want to buy nothing in it. 这家商店出售的货物价格昂贵，以致我在里面不想购买任何东西。He s such a good person that we mustn t blame him. 他是这样好的人，我们不能怪他 . They are such fine teachers that we all respect them . 他们是非常好的老师，我们对他们极为尊敬。It is such nice weather that I would like to go to the beach. 天气如此之好，我想去海滩。so that与 such that之间的转换既为so 与 such 之间的转换。tooto, enough to do sth , The boy is so young that he cant go to school. =He is such a young boy that he cant go to school. =The boy is too young to goto school. She was busy so that she didnt attend the meeting. =She was too busy to attend the meeting . He was so excited that he could not say a word. =He was too excited to say a word. The man was so old that he could join the army. = The man was old enough to join the army. Peter got up late so that he didn t catch the early bus . = Peter got up too late to catch the early bus . 如果结果状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同，可用 so (adj./adv.) as to 取代该结果状语从句，注意体会以下例句：He was so kind as to phone for a taxi for the patient. 他是如此热心，以至于他为病人打电话叫了出租车。考题解析1. Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influence our language. (2007 上海 ) A. as B. that C. which D. where 答案B 2. His plan was such a good one _ we all agreed to accept it. (2006 陕西 ) A. so B. and C. that D. as 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点答案C 3. We were in _ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. (2003 上海 ) A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush 答案D 4. It was five o clock in the afternoon _ they climbed up to the top of the mountain. A. since B. when C. that D. until 答案： B 5. Do think _ reading. A. while B. when C. as D. for 答案： .A 6. _, one becomes more experienced. A. When one grows older B. As one grows older C. The older one grows D. While one will be older 答案： .B 7. The students will go on playing football _ or not. A. whether it rains B. if it rains C. whether it will rain D. no matter it rains 答案：A 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点结果状语从句一根据句意，用so或 such填空。1. The boy is_ young that he cant go to school. 2. He told us _ a funny story that we all laughed. 3. He has _few books to read that he has to borrow some books from the library. 4. It is_ a tall building that I cant see its top. 5. The girls had_ high a fever that she nearly died last week. 6. They are_ clever children that all the teachers love them. 7. It is _ delicious orange juice that we all would love to drink it. 8. It is _ a little dog that Lucy likes it very much. 9. There is_ little water that it is not enough for many people. 二选择题：1. _she was a woman, _she was very brave. A. Though, / B. Though, but C. But, though D. /, though 2. The teacher told us _funny story _we all laughed. A. such a, that B. such, that C. so a, that D. so, that 3. The headmaster spoke slowly _we could understand him. A. such that B. because C. so that D. when 4. The workers work _hard _they dont have a day off even on the weekend. A. too, that B. such, that C. so, that D. as, that 5. He called her _hear her voice. A. to B. in order that C. so that D. in order 6. We ran to the bus stop _we could catch the bus. A. in order B. so that C. to D. in order to 7. He worked so quietly _no one know she was there. A. which B. after C. as D. that 8. After waking for four hours, he was _tired _move on. A. as, as B. too, to C. so that D. not, enough 9. Jim didnt run _to catch up with other runners. A. enough fast B. so fast C. fast enough D. fastly enough 10. There is _much bird food _it can last for two months. A .such, that B. so, that C. such a, that D. so, to 三选择题。 ( ) 1. She was _ well dressed that she attracted everyones attention at the party. (08 常州) A. so B. quite C. too D. very ( ) 2. When the fire broke out, many people were so _ that they ran _. (08 宿迁) A. frightening; wild B. frightened; wild C. frightened; wildly D. frightening; wildly ( ) 3. It was _ music that I lost myself in it. (08 泰州) A. such a beautiful B. so beautiful a C. so beautiful D. such beautiful ( ) 4. We arrived _ late that there were no seats left. (09 苏精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点州) A. much B. too C. so D. very ( ) 5. I like the pop star _ that I never miss his concert. (09 南通) A. very much B. too much C. quite much D. so much ( ) 6. The music in the supermarket sounded so _ that I wanted to leave at once. (09常州)A. soft B. wonderful C. friendly D. noisy ( ) 7. Curing sick people is _ important _ doctors must be careful. (09 泰州) A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. such; that ( ) 8. The question is _ that nobody can answer it. (09 宿迁) A. very hard B. too difficult C. strange enough D. so strange ( ) 9. That film was so _ that most of the audience kept screaming in fear while watching it last night. (2010 镇江) A. exciting B. frightening C. boring D. amazing ( ) 10. This is _ difficult problem that few students can work it out. (2010 宿迁) A. so B. so a C. such D. such a ( ) 11. The doctors in ORBIS have done _ an important job _ the patients are all grateful to them. (2010徐州) A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. as; as 四考题在线。1 Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influence our language. (2007上海) A. as B. that C. which D. where 2 His plan was such a good one _ we all agreed to accept it. (2006陕西) A. so B. and C. that D. as 3 We were in _ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. (2003 上海) A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点5. 比较状语从句比较状语从句表达人或事物的属性或特征的不同程度。主要运用于形容词和副词的原级、比较级及最高级的句子之中。原级：asas （和一样），not so（as ）as （和不一样）；比较级： morethan（更） ；最高级： The mostin/of， the + 形容词 +estof/in。 一原级比较1. as+原级+as（第一个 as是副词，含“如此”的意思，在主句说明所比内容的程度；第二个as是连词，含“比”或“如此”的意思，引导从句） 。例如：Our classroom is as big as theirs. 我们的课室跟他们的一样大。 I hope you like it as much as I do. 我喜欢你跟我一样喜欢它。在这种结构中，比较成分的前面常用表示倍数的词如 times（ 倍） ，twice（两倍）等来表示相比较的两个成分相差的倍数，通常译作“像 几倍那样多” ， “是 的几倍” 。例如：The speed of sounds in water is about four times as great as in air.声音在水中的速度是空气中的 4 倍左右。 This book is twice as thin as that one. 这本书的厚度是那本书的二分之一。2. not so / as as（不像 那样，不如）。第一个 as/so是副词，在主句中作状语，修饰其后的形容词/副词；第二个 as是连词，引导从句。 not soas比 not asas用得比较普遍。例如： It is not as easy as you think. 事情并不像你想的那么容易。The work did not go so smoothly as we hoped. 这工作并不像我们希望的那样顺利。 二比较级1. 形容词/副词的比较级 +than+被比较的对象。 表示两个人或事物在某 （些）方面的差别。 than是连词，引导从句。后面被比较对象如果是名词，多用省略形式，省去与主句中相同的部分。 Man grows faster than the planet he inhabits. 人类成长的速度远比他居住的星球快得多。注意： 从句中的主语（名词）如果与主句中的主语一致，为了避免重复，常用 that 代替不可数或某可数名词，用 those代替可数复数名词， 用 one或 ones代替可数名词。例如： The result of this experiment is better than that of the last one. 这次实验的结果要比上次好。The students in our class are more diligent than those in their class. 我们班的学生比他们班的学生用功。 比较状语从句的动词， 如果与主句的谓语动词一致，且为行为动词时，常用do（does ，did）代替，以免重复。例如： We have produced even more coal this year than we did that year. 我们今年出产煤要比去年出产得更多。 She drives better than her husband does. 她开车开得比她丈夫好。2. “no+比较级 +than” （不比 多，不少于）。no 是副词，在主句中作状语，修饰形容词或副词的比较级；精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点2 than是连词，引导从句。例如：Tom is no less diligent than peter. 汤姆用功不比彼得差。（汤姆和彼得同样用功）He feels no better today than he did yesterday.他今天的感觉不比昨天好/他今天的感觉跟昨天同样不好。 “ not more than ” 不如 (前者不如后者 ) Jack is not more diligent than John. 杰克不如约翰勤奋。3 句型 the the （越 越 ） 。即：从句：the + 比较级 ，主句：the + 比较级 The more we study, the more we discover our ignorance. 我们越学习，就越发现自己无知。 主句如果是将来时，从句可用现在时代替将来时。例如：The longer the treatment is delayed, the worse the prognosis will be. 延误治疗的时间越长，预后越差。三最高级1. The mostin/of This book is the most interesting of the three. 这本书是三本中最有趣的。 2. the + 形容词 +estof/in This road is the busiest street in our city. 这条路是我们城市最繁忙的街道。 3. one of the + 名词 (复数).之一(用于最高级 ) Tom is one of the best students in our school. Tom 是我们学校最好的学生之一。 一填空：1. He looks _ _ _ a brick wall. (nervous) 2. Drive _ _ _ you can. (safe) 3. His new boss is much _ _ _ his last. (interesting) 4. The car is running less _ _ it used to. (smoothly) 5. You are _ _ _ person I ve met. (annoying) 6. We ll drive a bit _ _ you do, so well get there first. (fast) 7. I like Jack and Tom, but I think Jack is _ _ of the two. (nice) 8. Youre far _ _ _ I am. (tolerant) 9. Is your mother any _ _? (relaxed) 10. Shes _ _ _ of the Smith girls. (sensible) 11. Could you come _ _ _ you usually do. 12. Honey is just about _ _ _ sugar. (sweet) 13. Doesnt Alice look a bit _ _ he did last week? (unhappy) 14. What is _ _ joke you have ever heard? (funny) 15. We bought _ _ boards we could find. (thick) 二翻译：1. 天气不如去年冬天那么冷。2. 他行动起来比他妹妹慢。3. 他是班里最高的学生。4. 他跟他哥哥一样刻苦工作。5. 她是姐妹中最漂亮的一个。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点二短文填空 Dear Jim, We ve moved into the old house at last! The repairs took longer and were more expensive _ we had expected, but living in the old house is just _ much fun _ we had hoped it would be! The cleaning wasn t quite _ bad _ we were anticipating ( 预料)，but of course, _ more we cleaned, _ less we enjoyed it! But we knew that the sooner we started, _ _ we d have it all finished. The actual removal went quit smoothly. Fortunately, the removal men werent _ careless _ we had feared, so we had fewer breakages _ expected. The grandfather clock stood up to it all very well! How are things with you and the family? Is life in New York still _ busy _ ever? Sorry I havent written earlier, but as we say, “Better late _ never! ”Peter Key: 一、1. as . as 2. as . as 3.more . than 4. . than 5.the most . 6. faster than 7. the nicer 8.more . than 9.more . 10. the most . 11. more earlier than 12. as . as 13. . than 14. the funniest 15. the thickest 二、1. The weather is not so cold as it was last winter. 2. He moves more slowly than his sister does. 3. He is the tallest student in the class. 4 He works as hard as his elder brother. 4 5. She is the most beautiful among her sisters. 三 than as as so as the the the sooner as as than as as than 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 19 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点6. 目的状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句：从句部分是用以补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的。引导目的状语从句常用的连词有：that（以便），so that（以便），in order that（为了；以便） ，lest（免得；唯恐） ， for fear that （生怕；以免）等词引导；目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词。You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. 2.He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it. 3.Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 4.Say it louder(so)that everyone can hear you. 大声说，以便大家都能听到你。5.I am telling you that lest you should make a mistake. 我告诉你这一点，以免你搞错。6. Speak clearly，so that they may understand you. 7. She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons. = =She has bought the book in order to follow the TV lessons. 8. He left early in case he should miss the train. He got up early so that he could catch the first bus. = He got up early(in order) to catch the first bus. 10. I lent him $ 50 in order that he could go for a holiday. 学习目的状语从句应注意以下两点：目的状语从句中常含有can, could, may, might, should 等情态动词。1.I got up early so that I could catch the first bus. 我起得很早，目的是为了赶上头班公共汽车。（2）在口语中so 可以引导目的状语从句。1. Well sit nearer the front so we can hear better. = Well sit nearer the front (in order to / so as to )to hear better. 我们坐的靠前一点，因此，我们听得清楚一点。【注意】 in order that 与in order to 的区别：in order that+ 从句in order to+ 动词原形（in order to 后面加的那个不叫目的状语从句，叫目的状语）目的状语从句的一个特点：由于目的都是未来的行为，所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性时态，比如上面两句中的could。当然还可以用will,would,can, 等用 so that 和 so that ,such that 填空并翻译1.You d better speak louder _you can be heard by all. 2.He spoke _ loud _he was 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 20 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点heard by all. 3.The weather is _ nice that all of us want to go to the park. 4.It s _ nice weather that all of uswant to go to the park. 5.They are _beautiful pictures that I want to buy all of them. 6.He is _ honest a boy that we all believe him. 7.He is _a honest boy that we all trust him. 8.Tim had _ much work to do that he decided not to see the film that night. 答案：1.You d better speak louder so that you can be heard by all. 2.He spoke so loud that he was heard by all. 3.The weather is so nice that all of us want to go to the park. 4.It s so nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. 5.They are such beautiful pictures that I want to buy all of them. 6.He is so honest a boy that we all believe him. 7.He is such a honest boy that we all trust him. 8.Tim had so much work to do that he decided not to see the film that night. 结果状语从句和目的状语从句有何区别so.that 和 so that的区别“ so.that.”句型的意思是 “ 如此 /这么 以致于 ” ， 常引导结果状语从句，但“ so.that.”是个爱 “ 变脸 ” 句型，你一不留意就会出错。“so.that.”句型及其转换也是中考的热点，现将其用法总结归纳如下，让我们一起来看看它是怎样变的吧。一、so. that.句型中的so 是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词，常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj. / adv. + that 从句。例如：1. She is so young that she cant look after herself. = She is too young to look after herself. 2. The boy ran so fast that I couldnt catch him. = The boy ran too fast for me to catch . 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 21 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点3. He was so angry that he couldnt say a word. =He was too angry to say a word . 二、在“such. that.”句型中， such修饰名词，意思也是“ 如此 以致于 ” 但当名词前有 many、 much、 (a) few、 (a) little 等词修饰时， 句子中要用 “so.that.”而不能用 “such.that.”。例如：1. He has so much money that he can buy what he wants. 2. Ive had so many falls that I have pains here and there. 3. There is little water in the glass that I cant drink any more. 三、 so 与 that 也可连起来写，即变成：. so that .(以便/ 为了 )，引导目的状语从句。例如：1. I got up early so that I could catch the early bus. 2. Please open the window so that we can breathe fresh air. 3. You must go now so that you wont be late. 四、 以“so.that”引导的结果状语从句可以转换成不定式的简单句，即可转换为 “.enough to.”或“.too.to”句型，但这种转换必须符合下列条件：1. 当主句和从句的主语一致，且 that 从句是肯定句时， 可用 “ enough to do sth.”来转换。例如：.The man is so strong that he can lift the heavy box. =The man is strong enough to lift the heavy box. . He was so clever that he can understand what I said. =He was clever enough to understand what I said. 2. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that 从句是肯定句时，可以用“enough for sb. to do sth. ”来替换，但须注意不定式的宾语要省略。例如：The question is so easy that I can work it out. =The question is easy enough for me to work out. The box is so light that he can carry it. =The box is light enough for him to carry. 3. 当主句和从句的主语一致，且that 从句是否定句时，可以用“ too.to”来替换。例如：The girl is so young that she cant dress herself. =The girl is too young to dress herself. I was so tired that I couldnt go on with the work. =I was too tired to go on with the work. 4. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且 that 从句是否定时， 如果要用 “too.to.”替换 “ so.that.”，则用介词for 引出动词不定式的逻辑主语，可以用“too.for sb. to do sth.”来替换，注意不定式的宾语要省略。The bag is so heavy that she cant move it. =The bag is too heavy for her to move. It is so hot that we cant sleep. =It is too hot for us to sleep. 目的、结果状语从句练习一、选择题：1. _she was a woman, _she was very brave. A. Though,/ B. Though, but C. But, though D. /,though 2. The teacher told us _funny story _we all laughed. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 22 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点A. such a ,that B. such, that C. so a, that D. so, that 3. The headmaster spoke slowly _we could understand him. A. such that B.because C. so that D. when 4. The workers work _hard _they dont have a day off even on the weekend. A. too, that B. such, that C. so, that D. as, that 5. He called her _hear her voice. A. to B. in order that C. so that D. in order 6. We ran to the bus stop _we could catch the bus. A. in order B. so that C. to D. in order to 7. He worked so quietly _no one know she was there. A. which B. after C. as D. that 8. After waking for four hours, he was _tired _move on. A. as, as B. too, to C. so that D. not, enough 9. Jim didnt run _to catch up with other runners. A. enough fast B. so fast C. fast enough D. fastly enough 10. There is _much bird food _it can last for two months. A .such, that B. so, that C. such a, that D. so, to 二、合并下列句子 . 1. Mum packed all the thick clothes in my suitcase. I could keep myself warm in Beijing.(in order that) 2. Cathy always writes letters to me. We can keep in touch with each other. (so that) 3.They worked hard to earn more money. They could live a better life.(so that) 4. She does eye exercise every day. She can protect her eyes.(in order that) 5.We plant many trees. We can fight against the pollution.(so that) 6. The job was very boring. Mike left it after one week. (so/such that) 7. It was a very interesting book. I kept reading it until midnight.(so/such that) 8. I didnt know him. I helped him.(Although/Though/but) 三、用 sothat 或者 suchthat填空：1. It was _ hot in the cinema _ I felt very uncomfortable. 2. It was _ a funny film _ I laughed until I cried! 3._ few people came to see the film _ the manager put on another film instead. 4.Tom hurt his legs _ badly _ he was not able to walk for six months. 5.There were _ many people at the party _our house got too crowded. 6.Joy has _ a strong love of films _ she goes to the cinema every week. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 23 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点四、写出下列句子的同义句：1. He puts on his coat so that he won t feel cold. He puts on his coat _ _ _ he wont feel cold.2. Mary often wears high heels in order that she may look taller. Mary often wears high heels _ _ _look taller. Mary often wears high heels _ _ she may look taller. 3. He stood in a high place in order to see it clearly. He stood in a high place _ _ he _ see it clearly. 4. I wore my raincoat so that I couldn t catch the rain. I wore my raincoat _ _ _ I couldn t catch the rain. 5. He was so angry that he could not say a word. He was _ angry _ say a word. 6. The boy is tall enough to reach the orange on the tree. 7. Although the job is hard, many people enjoy it 8.This pen isn t cheap enough for me to buy. This pen is _ _that I _buy it. This pen is _expensive _me _buy. 9. It was too noisy to hear a word. 10. Although it rained, but he ran out without an umbrella. 11. I took a lot of photos in Paris so that I could show them to my friends. 12. Tom is careful enough to do it well. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 24 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点7. 让步状语从句让步状语从句表“虽然”、 “尽管” 、 “即使”等概念的从句，叫让步状语从句。让步状语从句通常由下列连词引导：although (though)（虽然） ，as（尽管，虽然），even if (though)（即使） ，however（尽管） ，whatever（不管） ；no matter (how, what, where, when) （不管（怎样、什么、哪里、何时） ） ，whetheror（不管） whether.or.; no matter+ 疑问词，疑问词 -ever。although 和 though 在意义上没有区别，但although语气上要强一些，所以更常用于句首。例如：Although he is poor, he is honest. 他虽然穷，但是诚实。（1）though, although表示“虽然，纵然”之意。这两个连词意思大致相同， 在一般情况下可以互换使用。 在口语中，though较常使用， although比 though正式，二者都可与yet, still 或 nevertheless连用，但不能与 but 连用。例如： Although/Though he was worn out, (still) he kept on working. 虽然他已经精疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。 Although/Though he is very old, (yet) he is quite strong. 他虽然年纪大了，身体还很健壮。值得注意的是， although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多，though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。例如： She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard. 她虽然不用功学习，考试却及格了。（2）as, though表示“虽然但是”， “纵使”之意。 as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形， though间或也用于这样的结构中， 但 although 不可以这样用。例如： Object as you may, I ll go.(=Though/Although you may object, Ill go.) 纵使你反对，我也要去。 Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress. (=Though he works hard, he makes little progress.) 尽管他学习很努力，但几乎没取得什么进步。 Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.（=Though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do. ） 虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。 Fast as you read, you can t finish the book so soon. 纵然你读得快， 你也不能这么快读完这本书。（3）even if, even though 表示“即使”， “纵使”之意。这两个复合连词的意思基本相同。它们常可互换使用， 但意义有细微差别。even if 引导的让步从句含有强烈的假定性，而 even though引导让步状语从句时，是以从句的内容为先决条件的，也就是说，说话人肯定了从句的事实。例如： Well make a trip even if/though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行。Even if he is poor, she loves him. (=He may be poor, yet she loves him.)即使他很穷，但她还是爱他。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 25 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点 Even though he is poor, she loves him. (=He is poor, yet she loves him.)尽管他很穷，但她还是爱她。（4） whether.or. 表示“不论是否”， “不管是还是” 之意。 由这一个复合连词引导的让步状语从句旨在说明正反两个方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。例如： Youll have to attend the ceremony whether youre free or busy. 不管你忙不忙，都要参加这个典礼。 Whether you believe it or not, its true. 无论你是否相信，这都是真的。（5）“no matter+疑问词”或 “疑问词 -ever” 的含义为“都；不管都” ，它们引导的让步状语从句可以互换。例如： No matter what happened, he would not mind. (=Whatever happened, he would not mind.)无论发生了什么，他都不会介意的。 No matter who you are, you must keep the law.(=Whoever you are, you must keep the law. 不管你是谁，你都要遵纪守法。但“no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导名词性从句。例如： Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I won t believe you. (Whatever 引导让步状语从句 )无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。 Ill eat whatever (no matter what) you give me. (whatever引导宾语从句 )你给我吃什么，我就吃什么。 Whoever comes will be welcome. (Whoever 引导主语从句 ) 不管谁来都受到欢迎。此外，有时 while 也可以引导让步状语从句，但一般要位于句首。例如：While I like the colour, I dont like the shape.我虽然喜欢那颜色，但不喜欢那形状。综上所述，我们可以看出，学习让步状语从句的关键是关联词的选用；其次，要注意的是由as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序。让步状语从句表示： 虽然，尽管，即使等概念， 由 although （尽管）, though（尽管） , however （无论怎样）, whatever （无论什么）, whoever （无论谁）, whomever（无论谁） , whichever（无论哪个） , whenever（无论何时） , wherever（无论哪里）, whether （是否）, no matter (who, what, where, when, etc) （无论）, even if（即使） , even though （即使）等词引导。如： We wont be discouraged even if(=even though) we fail ten times. 我们就是失败十次也不泄气。 Whether you believe it or not, its true.不管你信不信，这是真的。However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, I ll take it.无论它有多贵，我也要买下它。 Dont let them in, whoever(=no matter who) they are. 不管他们是谁，别让他们进来。 No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I m wrong.无论我说什么或怎么说，他总认为是我错。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 26 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点特别提醒 1.no matter what （who， which， when， etc。 ） 与 whatever （whoever， whichever， whenever，etc。 ）的区别：当引导让步状语从句时，两者相同，可以互换，但当引导名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同谓语从句）时则只能用whatever（whoever，whichever，whenever，etc） 。如上面最后两个例句可改为： eg However pure the water looks ，I do not want to drink it。 I want to marry the man I love， no matter who he may be。下面句字不能用 no matter结构: Whoever comes back firs is supposed to win the prize.( 主语从句) I am ready to do whatever you want me to . （宾语从句）例证： Whatever you did, I will accept.为让步状语从句. I will except whatever you did.为宾语从句 . 2. as 引导让步状语从句的用法：引导让步状语从句时， as意为“虽然，尽管”，通常从句要倒装，倒装的方法是将从句的表语或状语放在as之前，而用 though引导让步状语从句时句字则不必倒装（口语中也可倒装） 。 e.g. Heavily as it was raining outside, they started out very early. Young as he is, he knows a lot=Though he is young 或 Young though he is, he . 他虽然年轻，但懂得很多。 (though 也有这种用法，可以替换as, 但 although没有这种用法 ) though还可以用作副词，放在句末。如： It was hard work; I enjoyed it, though=It was hard work, but I enjoyed it.那工作很苦，但是我喜欢干。 3.用 though/although, as 引导让步状语从句时，句中不能用but 表示转折语气。不能说： Though he looks weak, but he is healthy. 而要说：Though he looks weak, he is healthy. 或者说： He looks weak, but he is healthy. 让步条件状语从句练习（）1. It was raining heavily we got to Paris. A. while B. if C. when D. because （）2. I dont know if tomorrow. A. it doesnt rain B. the rain will stops C. the rains wont stop D. it wont rain （ 3 . The volleyball match will be put off if it . A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining （）4. Difficulties are nothing if we not afraid of them A. will B. shall C. are D. do （）5. We Beijing tomorrow if it doesnt rain. A. are going to B. would C. shall D. will go （）6. I dont like to be interrupted if I . A. speak B. will speak C. am speaking D. spoke （ 7. If you the book you will understand the story better. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 27 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点A. will be reading B. have read C. will have read D. read （）8. If you I will go with you A. go to B. went C. will D. should go （）9. Ill go to meet you，if I free then. A. would be B. will be C. am D. was （）10. If you to the music, buy a CD. A. will listen B. listen C. listening D. listened （）11. He suggested a pinic tomorrow. A. to have B. having C. have D. to having （）12. Be careful, if you want to make mistakes. A. wont B. dont C. didnt D. not （）13. Work hard if you to get a good mark. A. wanted B. wanting C. want D. will want 14. I want to know if you to the party tomorrow. I will if I free. A. will come; am B. come; am C. will come; will be D. come; will be （）15. The cat him the hand. A. bit; in B. bited; on C. bit; on D. bited; on （） 16. There is going to a sports meeting next week. If it , we ll have to cancel it. A. be; will rain B. have; will rain C. be; rains D. give; is going to rain （）17. If he , I go swimming alone. A. doesnt come will go B. wont come; will go C. will come; wont go D. is coming; dont go （）18. If you a chance to study in a foreign country, just take it. A. getting B. had got C. will get D. get （）19. Frank a film if hes free next Saturday. A. see B. saw C. has seen D. will see （）20. If he _ exercise, he healthy. A. not; will B. isn t;wont be C. doesnt; will be D. doesnt do; wont be （）21I dont know if he tomorrowIf he ，Ill tell you Awill come；comes B comes ；comes Ccomes；will D is coming；is coming II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Dont go out tomorrow if it _ _ (rain) . 2. I dont know if he _ _(come) tomorrow. 3. The doctor suggests him _ _ (drink) more water. 4. I suggested that we _ _ (go) swimming tomorrow. 5. If you the telephone _ _(ring) , answer it. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 28 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点III. 按要求转换句型。You want to record. You should press the red button. (合并成含 if 的条件句 ) Which bus should I take? I want to the bank. (合并成含 if 的条件句 ) I will do it. I can do it. ( 合并成含 if 条件句的省略句 ) I will go swimming. It won t be cold tomorrow. (合并成含 if 的条件句) IV. 完成句子。1如果你是错的，那么她就是对的。 2如果想她，就打电话给她。3如果你错了，就跟她说“sorry” 。4如果他已经跟你说“ sorry”了，就原谅他吧。5如果你不原谅他，他会很伤心的。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 29 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点8. 地点状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句表示地点、方位， 这类从句通常由where 引导。 用法 例如：Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者， 事竟成。They will go where they are happy. 他们想到他们觉得快乐的地方去。连词 含义 说明where 在地方通常表示一个确定的 wherever 无论什么地方表示“任何地方”anywhere 无论何处 everywhere 到处(1)地点状语从句由where，wherever，引导，如：We must camp where we can get water. 我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 (2)地点状语从句与定语从句的区别 : 在于分句在句中作什么成分。作状语，则是状语从句；作定语修饰名词，则是定语从句 where 引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而状语从句前则无需先行词。 如：Go back where you came from.(where 引导地点状语从句）你从何处来到何处去。Go back to the village where you came from.(where引导定语从句，修饰village) 回到你来的那个村子里去。(1)We went home, where we had dinner.此句是 where 引导的 非限制性 定语从句 ,这里where= at home( 先行词是home)从句还原 we had dinner at home 全句译：我们回到家，在家里吃了顿饭 . (2)I walk into the canteen where students are eating 此句也是 where 引导的定语从句， 与上句不同之处在于此句是一个限制性 定语从句 .全句译：我走进了这个同学们都在吃饭的食堂。 （限定说明了是一个什么样的食堂) (3)地点状语从句与定语从句其本身属性就不同：地点状语从句相当于大的副词;定语从句相当于大的形容词,副词是用来修饰动词的, 例： you can go where you want to go . 你可以去你想去的地方。 (3)地点状语从句的省略，如: Fill in the blanks with articles necessary.(necessary 前省略了 where it is) 在需要的地方填上冠词。（4）地点从句一般位于主句之后，但为了强调，也可以放在句首。 With a car a preson can go where he pleases and when he pleases. 有了汽车， 人可以想去哪儿就去哪儿， 想什么时候去就什么时候去。 And where there is shale there is likely to be oli. 哪儿有页岩，哪儿就可能有石油。1 考题解析考题 1 Mom, what did the doctor say? He advised me to live _ the air is fresher. (2006 四川) A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where 答案 D 解析 where 引导修饰谓语live 的地点状语从句。考题2 In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help _ there is human suffering. (2006 江西) A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever 答案 D 解析 where 引导修饰谓语send 的地点状语从句。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 30 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点考题3 If you are traveling _ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. (2006 天津 ) A. in which B. what C. when D. where 答案 D 解析 where 引导修饰谓语are traveling 的地点状语从句。使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题1、在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。 E.g. Well go outing if it doesn t rain tomorrow. I ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai. 2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致（或虽不一致，是 it） ，从句的谓语又包含动词be ，就可省略从句中的“主语 + be”部分。 E.g. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night. If (you are) asked you may come in. If (it is) necessary I ll explain to you again. 3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以 where 为例，能引导多种从句。 E.g. You are to find it where you left it. （地点状语从句） Tell me the address where he lives.（定语从句，句中有先行词） I don t know where he came from. （宾语从句） Where he has gone is not known yet.（主语从句）This place is where they once hid. （表语从句）4、as 作从属连词可引导多种状语从句。（1）as 引导时间状语从句，意为“当时”。例如：As (he was) a young man, he was a storekeeper and later a postmaster./ He sang as he worked. 高.考.资.源.网（2）as 引导方式状语从句，意为“象一样”。例如：We must do as the Party teaches us. （3）as引导原因状语从句。意为“由于”，例如：As you are tired, you had better rest. （4）as 引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然”、 “尽管”Child as he is, he can do it well. ( = Although he is a child, he can do it well.) 另外， as 做为关系代词还可以引导定语从句，如：I have the same book as you. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 31 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点状语从句练习【练习一】1 ( ) 1 The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there. A. because B. until C. why D. if ( ) 2 The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in. A. went not; until B. didnt go; after C. went; until D. didnt go; until ( ) 3 I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes. A. before B. until C. after D. when ( ) 4 He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday. A. didnt go; until; with B. wasnt go; after; to C. doesnt go; before; with D. didnt go; until; to ( ) 5 He _ back until the work _ done. A. isnt; will be B. isnt; is C. wont be; will be D. wont be; is ( ) 6 They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back. A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if 2 ( ) 1 Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai. A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to ( ) 2 Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing. A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves ( ) 3 I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came 3 ( ) 1 Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It _ by his father. A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought ( ) 2 When he got to the station, the train _. A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left ( ) 3 The boy told his father what he _ in the street. A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see( ) 4 We _ TV when the telephone _. A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are watching; rang ( ) 5 By the end of last term, I_ ten books. A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read D. finish read 4 ( ) 1 I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _? A. didnt see; did; go B. didnt see; have; gone C. havent seen; have; been D. havent seen; have; gone ( ) 2 Tom_ China for 3 years. A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at ( ) 3 I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket. A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt lose ( ) 4 -Hello! May I speak to Bob? -Sorry, but he _ for a month. A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away ( ) 5 I _ him since I began to live in the city. A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know ( ) 6 Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school for two years. A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying 5 ( ) 1 Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill. A. because B. but C. until D. if ( ) 2 May I sit nearer_I can see more clearly? A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so ( ) 3 _ you work hard, you will certainly succeed. A. Though B. If C. Because D. For ( ) 4 _ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of Engli精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 32 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点sh. A. While B. When C. Since D. After ( ) 5 Id like to go swimming _ the water is not too cold. A. for B. unless C. if D. whether 6 ( ) 1 There are _ many league members in class 2 _ in Class 4. A. both; and B. so; that C. either; or D. as; as ( ) 2 -Do you have a big library? -No, we dont. At least, not_yours. A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as ( ) 3 Suzhou is not _ beautiful _ Hangzhou. A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /; than ( ) 4 Iron is more useful _ any other metal. A. as B. than C. then D. so 7 ( ) 1 I want to know _ she is going to see a film. A. if B. that C. what D. which ( ) 2 You are sure to pass the exam _ you study hard. A. if B. thoughC. that D. since ( ) 3 Ill go to see the film with you_I have time this evening. A. whether B. so C. if D. when ( ) 4 _ you study harder, youll never pass the final exam. A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except 8 ( ) 1 Although it was raining, -still worked in the fields. A. but they B. and they C. they D. and yet they ( ) 2 _ there were only five soldiers left at the front, _ they went on fighting. A. Because; so B. If; and C. Though; but D. Though; / ( ) 3 _ she is very old, _ she can still work eight hours a day. A. Because; so B. Though; but C. As; yet D. Though; yet 9 ( ) 1 Please answer the question in a loud enough voice _ all the class may hear. A. so, that B. or C. in order that D. and ( ) 2 Lift it up_I may see it. A. though B. so that C. as D. than ( ) 3 I hurried_I wouldnt be late for class. A. so B. so that C. if D. unless ( ) 4 We should go by bus _ we can get there earlier. A. as soon as B. where C. in order that D. as 10 ( ) 1 The dictionary is so expensive _ I cant buy it. A. because B. when C. that D. if ( ) 2 I got there _ late _ I didnt see him. A. too; to B. such; that C. so; that D. so; as ( ) 3 It is _ hot in the room _ we have to go out for a walk. A. such; that B. so; that C. as; as D. such; as ( ) 4 He has_ an interesting book that we want to read it. A. so B. such C. the same D. as 参考答案： 1. 1-6 B D B A D A 2. 1-3 C D B 3. 1-5 D B C B A 4. 1-6 C B B D B C 5. 1-5 A B B C C 6. 1-4 D A B B 7. 1-4 A A C C 8. 1-3 C D D 9. 1-4 C B B C 10. 1-4 C C B B 一. 单项填空1. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So 2. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us? -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be 3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him. A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping 3.I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young. 4.A. what B. which C. where D. who 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 33 页，共 34 页名师总结优秀知识点5.5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 6.6. The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green. 7. A. not; before B. don t; when C. not to; until D. not; after 8.7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because 9.8. I ll go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was 10. 9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less 11. 10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to play. A. before B. after C. when D. while 12. 11. I hurried _ I wouldn t be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless 13. 12. When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions. A. which B. that C. where D. though 14. 13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order 14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since 15. 15. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk. A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day 16. 16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very 17. 17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if 18. 18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. 19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment 20. 20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing. A. will get B. get C. getting D. got 【练习答案】21. 一. 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 34 页，共 34 页