1情态动词表推测【2013 天津】 Where are you going this month? We_ go to Xiamen, but were not sure. A. needn t B. must C. might D. mustnt 【2013 四川南充】 Excuse me, whose book is this? It _ be John s. It has his name on it. A. must B. need C. can t 【2013 湖南益阳】 24. The man _be my English teacher. He has gone to Canada. A. might B. must C. can t【2013 江苏盐城】 Are you in a hurry? NO, I ve got plenty of time I _wait. A. can B. can t C. must D. mustn t【2013 福建泉州】 Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation? Not yet. We _go to Qingdao . Its a good place for vacation. A. may B. need C. must 【2013 山东潍坊】 21. You mustnt go off on your own, because you _get lost in the mountains. A. should B. must C. need D. might 【2013 湖南株洲】 -Oh, its raining hard. -Be careful! The road _be wet. A. could B. must C. might 【2013 黑龙江绥化】 Whose T-shirt is this? It _ be John s. It s _ small for him. A. can t; much too B. can t; too much C. mustn t; too much【2013 湖北黄冈】 Who s the man over there? Is it Mr. Black? It _ be him. He s much taller.A. may not B. can t C. will not D. mustn t【2013 广西贺州】The woman who is talking with Mr. Brown _ be Miss Li. She has gone to England. A. can t B. must C. may D. mustn t【2013 甘肃兰州】 Look at the boy playing basketball on the ground. Is it George? It _ be him. He told me he would play basketball after class, but he s not sure.A. mustn t B. must C. can t D. may【2013 湖北宜昌】 Difficulties always go with me! Cheer up! If God closes a door in front of you, there _ be a window opened for you. A. would B. must D. could D. can 【2013 湖北孝感】 Look at the young lady in red. Is it Mrs. King? No. It _ be her. She is wearing a white dress today. A. can B. may C. must D. can t【2013 湖北十堰】 Two hundred years for such a T-shirt! You _ be joking! I mnot joking. It s made of silk.A. can t B. can C. need D. must【2013 山东烟台】 Whose book is this? It _our geography teacher s. You see, his name is on it.A. can t be B. can be C. mustn t be D. must be【2013 浙江宁波】That T-shirt _ be expensive because its by a famous designer.A. can t B. mustn t C. must D. should 【2013 广东】 Someone is knocking at the door. Is it Ann? It _be her. She is giving a performance at the theater now. A. may B. must C. can t D. mustn t【2013 福建福州】 Is that girl Susan? It _ be her. She left for Beijing yesterday. neednt B. cant C. mustnt 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 12 页2【2012 河南】 Do you have any plans for this weekend? Im not sure. I _ go climbing Mount Yuntai. A. must B. need C. may D. can 【2012 贵州贵阳】“Whose notebook is this? ” “It _ Jim s. It has his name on it.”A. cant be B. must be C. can be 【2012 甘肃鸡西市黑龙江黑河黑龙江齐齐哈尔】Is that your teacher? That _be Mr.Wang. He has gone to Japan with his wife. A.cant B. mustntC. may not 【2012 湖南岳阳】 Who is that? It _ be Shirly. Only she is in red today . A. could B. may C. must 【2011 湖北恩施】Is that girl under the tree Mary? No, that _be Mary. She is in New York. A. can B. mustntC.cant【2012 湖北黄石】 Is Maria knocking at the door? It _be her. She is in Australia now. A. may not B. neednt C. mustnt D. cant 【2012 湖北武汉】You _ be happy with the strong public support you ve received. Yes, youre right. I m really excited.A. may B. can C. must D. need 【2012 湖北宜昌】 My brother won the first prize in speech competition. Congratulations! You _be excited about that. A. need B. must C. would D. can 【2011 湖南株洲】 That man _ be my English teacher. He has gone to Canada. A. needn t B. mustn t C. cant【2012 江苏连云港】Meng Fei had his arm broken while recording If You Are the One in Beijing. Really? Then perhaps he _host TV programs for some time. A. needn tB. mustn t C. shouldn t D. cant【2012 江苏南京】 -Have you decided which senior high school to choose? -Not yet. I _ go to Moonlight School. A. must B. may C. need D. should 【2012 江苏无锡】 The lady in this photo _be over fifty! She looks so young! A. mustntB. must C. cantD. can 【2012 内蒙古包头】You _be excited that you re going back to your hometown soon. Yes, I can t wait any longer.A. shall B. can C. need D. must 【2012 江苏扬州】Excuse me, when are we going to have a picnic? I m not sure, Ask our monitor, please. He _ know. A. need B. can C. may D. shall 【2012 】 Whose is the pencil box? It_ be Toms. Look at his name on the cover! A. can B. may C. must D. need 【2012 山东济宁】 This toy Mickey Mouse _be Amys. she s the only kid at the picnic. A. must B. can C. need D. cant 【2012 四川广安】Look! The man at the gate _ be our teacher. He is always standing there every morning. No, it _ be him. He is having a meeting in the office now. A.must; can t B. must; mustn t C. can t; can t 【 2012 四川成都】Excuse me, whose Japanese book is this? It _be Tom s. In our class, only he is studying Japanese.A. must B. can t C. would 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 12 页3【2012 四川凉山】Is Jim coming by train? I m not sure. He_ drive his car.A. must B. may C. need 【2012 四川宜宾】 Whose shoes are these? They _ be Mike s. They are much too large for him. A. might B. may C. mustn t D. can t 【2012 山东济南】Look! A book is on the floor. Whose is it? It _be Ricks. It has his name on it. A. mustnt B. cant C. must D. need 【2012 湖南常德】 In competition, as in life, you _ not always win. A. may B. shall C. must 【2012 四川自贡】-Have you heard that some bad thing would happen in 2012? -Dont worry! The news _ be true. A. mustnt B. may not C. neednt 【2012 浙江杭州】 You _be serious! Youre actually going to lend him money again? A. neednt B. cant C. shouldnt D. mustn t情态动词表推测用法总结及专项练习1.can / could 用于表推测的用法(1) 从使用句型上看， can 通常只用于否定句或疑问句，一般不用于肯定句， 而 could 可用于肯定句、 否定句和疑问句。 两者没有时间上的差别，只是could 比 can 更委婉，更不确定。如：It cant couldnt be true. 那不可能是真的。What can could they be doing? 他们会在干什么呢 ? We could go there this summer. 今年夏天我们可能要去那儿。注：can 有时也用于肯定句中表示推测，主要用于表示理论上的可能性 (即从理论上看是可能的，但实际未必会发生)，或表示 “ 有时”之意。如：Even experienced teachers can make mistakes. 即使是有经验的教师也可能出错。She can be very unpleasant. 她有时很令人讨厌。(2) 从时间关系看，对现在或将来情况作推测，后接动词原形；对正在进行的情况作推测， 后接 be doing 结构；对过去情况作推测，后接动词完成式。如：He could have gone home. 他可能已经回家了。He cant couldnt have understood. 他不可能理解了。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 12 页4Why does he know this? Can Could someone have told him about it? 他怎么知道 ? 会是哪个人告诉他了吗 ? (3) “could+完成式 ” 除表示对过去的推测外，还有以下重要用法： 表示过去没有实现的可能性，常译为“ 本来可以 ” 。如：I could have lent you the money Why didn t you ask me? 我本来可以借这笔钱给你的。你为什么不向我提出? 用来委婉地责备某人过去应该做某事而没有去做，常译为“ 本来应该 ” 。如：You could have helped him. 你本来应该帮助他的。 表示“ 差点儿就要 ” 。如：I could have died laughing. 我差点儿笑死了。2. may / might 用于表推测的用法表示推测，两者都可用， 只是 might 比 may 语气更不确定， 表示的可能性更小。(1) 在句型使用方面：两者均可用于肯定句和否定句，但用于疑问句时，may 通常不用于句首， 但可用于疑问句的句中 （如特殊疑问句等），而 might 尽管可以用于疑问句的句首，但不算普通，通常会改用其他句式（如用could 等）。如：He may might know the answer. 他可能知道答案。He may might not believe you. 他可能不会相信你。And who may might she be? 那么她会是哪一位呢？(2) 从时间关系看，对现在或将来情况作推测，后接动词原形；对正在进行的情况作推测， 后接 be doing 结构；对过去情况作推测，后接动词完成式。如：He may might tell his wife. 他也许会告诉他妻子。He may might be writing a letter. 他可能在写信。She may might have read it in the papers. 她可能在报上已读到过此事。(3) “might+完成式 ” 除表示对过去的推测外，还有以下重要用法： 表示过去某事可能发生而实际上却并没发生。如：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 12 页5It was really very dangerous. I might have killed myself. 那真的是太危险了，我差点没命了。A lot of men died who might have been saved很多人本来可以获救的却死了。 表示委婉的批评或责备。如：You might have made greater progress. 你的进步本来可更大一些的。You might at least have answered my letter. 你至少可以回我一封信嘛。3. must 表示推测的用法must 表示很有把握的推测，其意为“ 一定会 ”“肯定会 ” ，只用于肯定句， 一般不用于否定句或疑问句。 表示对现在或未来的情况作推测，后接动词原形；表示对过去情况的推测，接动词完成式。如：I must be the happiest woman on earth! 我一定是世界上最幸福的女人了。No, he must be lying. 不，他一定在撒谎He must have mistaken my meaning. 他一定误会了我的意思。4. should have done 的用法should have done 只用于谈论过去情况，主要有两个用法：一是用于推测过去已经发生的情况， 二是用于指本该发生而实际上未发生的情况。如：You should have told me so before. 你早就应该告诉我。He should have arrived by now. 此时他本该到了。Look at the time! We should have been at the theatre ten minutes ago. 瞧都什么时候了 ! 十分钟前我们就该到戏院了。5. need have done 的用法need have done 结构主要用于否定句或疑问句， 一般不用于肯定句。用于否定句时，表示本来不必做某事，但实际上却做了；用于疑问句时，用于询问某一过去动作的必要性。如：You needn t have hurried. 你当时实在不必那么匆忙。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 12 页6She needn t have come in person a letter would have been enough. 她本不必亲自来 写封信来就足够了。Need you have paid so much? 你当时真须要付那么多钱吗? Need they have sold the farm? 他们那时非得把农场卖掉不可吗? 历届 NMET 中表推测的情态动词的用法情态动词是中学英语学习中的一个重点和难点，也是高考的重点考察内容之一。其中表示推测用法的情态动词在近几年的高考中更是屡见不鲜。现结合近几年的高考题目， 对表推测的情态动词的用法作一归纳，希望对各位考生会有所帮助：【考例】 1. Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter _ go and do the opposite! A. may B. can C. must D. should (2003 年普通高等学校春季招生统一招生考试英语试题（安徽卷）) 【分析】 Can,may,must都可用来表示 ” 推测” ，但侧重点各有不同：May 常用来指 ” 事实上的可能性 ” ， 而 can 则表示一种 ” 理论上的可能性” 例如：The railways may be improved. =It is possible that the railways will be improved. =Perhaps/Maybe/Possibly the railways will be improved. 铁路可能会得到改进。（意味着已有具体的改进计划或方案。）The railways can be improved.=It is possible for the railways to be improved. 铁路可以得到改进。（意思是铁路还不完善，尚有问题存在。）理论上的可能性 (can) 比事实上的可能性 (may) 更弱。在一般的陈述句， can 与 sometimes几乎相同，表示一种偶然的可能性。比如：Even expert drivers can make mistakes. 甚至是很熟练的驾驶员也可能会犯错。=Even expert drivers sometimes make mistakes. =It is possible for the expert drivers to make mistakes. 因此，如果讲的是一种特殊情况， 不是一般情况， 就用 may, 试比较：Mr Reed looks pale.He may be ill. Mr Reed is in poor health.He can be ill at any time. Must 指逻辑必然 ,作“ 想必” 、“ 准是” 、“ 一定” 解，用来表示我们对某事有把握的推论或揣测。（考虑到迹象如此， 再无别的结论 =It seems 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 12 页7certain that.）: They must be very tired now, for they have been working the whole morning. 他们现在一定是非常累了，因为他们整个上午都在工作。析：填C.must 。意思是 ” 不出所料，当我告诉女儿要做的事时，她准会去做相反的事。 ”【考例】 1、Mary _ be in Paris.I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.(NMET1994) A.mustnt B.shouldnt C.can t D.may not 2、.-Is John coming by train? (NMET 2002 Tianjing ) -He should,but he _ not.He likes driving his car. Amust B.can C.need D.may 【分析】 May 用于否定时， not 不是否定 may ，而是否定句中的动词，这一点与 can 不同，试比较：He may not know the truth. 他可能不知道事情的真相。（=It is possible that he didnt know the truth. ）He cannot know the truth.他不可能知道事情的真相。must表示推测的这种用法通常用在肯定句中，在疑问句中常用can( 可能)， 在否定句中常用cant( 不可能， 不会是 )， 而不用 mustnt。例如：- Somebody is knocking at the door. Who can it be ? It must be Wang Hong. - No, It cant be Wang Hong, because she left for Shanghai this morning. -有人在敲门。会是谁呢？一定是王红。-不，不会是王红，因为她今天早晨就动身去上海了。因而 You must be joking.在意义上相当于You cant be serious.析：1、填 C。意思是” 玛丽不可能在巴黎。几分钟前我还看见她在镇上。2、填 D。意思是 ” -约翰会坐火车来吗？ -应该会，但他可能不会。他喜欢开车。 ”【考例】 1.-I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. (NMET 2002Beijing ) -It _ true because there was little snow there. A.may not be B.wont be C.couldnt beD.mustnt be 【分析】 Could,might表示过去的可能性。I thought it might be true.我本认为那是真的。He could be very unreasonable.他有时可能毫不讲理。析：填 C。它是对去年冬天所发生的事进行评价。【考例】 1.-Are you coming to Jeffs party? (NMET 2000) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 12 页8-I m not sure.I_go to the concert instead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might 2.-Look!The clouds are gathering. -Yes.Im afraid it _ be pouring down soon. A,can B,must C,should D,might 【分析】 could和 might表示现在的情况时，更带有不肯定性和慎重味道，构成礼貌或婉转说法，包含或许的意思：A:I wonder where Tom is. B:He may/might/could be in the library.(Perhaps he is in the library.) 因 此 在wonder, fear,be afraid等 后 接 的 从 句 中 , 通 常 用may/might/could,表达一种探询的观点：I was afraid you might be out of sorts.我怕你可能心情不痛快。假设性的可能和试探性的可能，也用could 和 might ：Our team might still win the race.( 可 以 意 译 为 ： It is possible,though unlikely,that )析：1、2 均填 D.might 【考例】 Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? Acan BshouldCmayDmust (2001 年上海普通高校春季招生考试试卷) 【分析】表示推测的 may 通常不用于一般疑问句， 而要用 can 代替。Can 用于一般疑问句时，还可表示惊讶或怀疑，意思是” （到底）可能有这样的事吗？ ” ，比如：“There is the doorbell.” Who can it be at this time of day?”有人按门铃。 ”这个时候到底会是谁呢？”Must 也偶尔用于疑问句： Must there be some good reason for the delay? 这个问句设想的是一个肯定的回答，可以解释为”Does there have to be some good reason ?”may 可用于特殊疑问句或wh- 从句，意思是 ” （到底）是 ” 、” 不知是否” ：I wonder what it may mean.我不知道这究竟是什么意思。How old may his father be?他父亲到底有多大年纪？ （比 How old is his father?委婉的说法。）析：填 1、A.can. （布什先生做什么事都很按时。他怎么可能会在开幕式上迟到呢？）【考例】 1. Sorry Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.( 2000年普通高等学校春季招生考试(北京、安徽卷 ) A. might B. should C. can 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 12 页9D. will 2. There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. It_a comfortable journey. (NMET95) A.cant beB.shouldnt beC.mustnt have beenD.couldnt have been 【分析】 “ 情态动词 have + -ed分词” 结构可以表示对已发生的事情进行推测 , 就表示的可能性程度而言， must 最大，could 其次，may更次之， might 最小。must + have + -ed 分词: 用于肯定句 , 表示推测过去某事 “ 肯定,一定，准是 ” 发生了。其否定形式为： cant / couldnt have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事。may(might) + have + -ed 分词: 用于肯定句和其他否定句 , 表示对已发生事情的不肯定的推测, 意为“ 可能, 大概”, 其中 might 较 may 语气更弱 , 把握更小。Can/could用于否定或疑问句中 ,表示对过去发生的事件的“ 怀疑或不肯定 ” 。could 比can 更表示说话人语气的不肯定。例如：I mailed that letter a week ago. He must have received it.我一周前就发出了那封信 , 想必他一定收到了。I can t find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday. Jack cant have arrived yet,otherwise he would have telephoned me.（上海 1997 ）It couldnt have been Mr. Smith. He has gone to China.不太可能是史密斯先生。他已去了中国。另外，注意 may 不可用于疑问句，它的这种功能已为can 所取代。例如 Can they have missed the bus? 的答句是： Yes,they may have done. 而不是 Yes,they can have done.这一点要注意。Must偶尔也能用于否定句：His absence must not have been noticed. 此句和 His absence cant have been noticed. 的意思是一样的。许多评论者认为这类句子是不可能成立的，但它们正在为越我来越多的人所接受和使用，在美国英语中尤其如此。对正在发生的事情进行推测， 则采用” 情态动词 +be+ 现在分词 ” 结构，其中情态动词的区别与上相同。析：答案 A、D。can 通常不用于肯定句表猜测； ”should+have+ -ed分词 ” 表示 ” 过去本来应该做” ，但实际上没有做，意思是” 本该. ”，带有责备口气:I was really anxious about you.You shouldn t have left without a word. (NMET2001) ；”will+have+-ed 分词” 只是将来完成时的一种形式。【考例】 1.Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _be here at any 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 12 页1 0moment. (NMET95) A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can 【分析】should(ought to)表示很可能、预期的意思，指一种尝试性推论， 可认为是 must 的语气较弱的对应词， 意思是 ” 应该会、一定。 。 。吧” 。试比较：Our guests must be home by now.(I am certain)我们的客人现在一定到家了。（根据他们动身的时间、 路程远近、速度等具体条件，我能断定 /肯定他们现在已经到家了。）Our guests should(ought to) be home by now.( They probably are,but Im not certain.) 我们的客人现在该到家了。 （含义是我想他们很可能到家了，但我不能肯定” ）与 must 不同还在于它常常表示将来：-When can I come for the photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They_be ready by 12:00. (NMET1998) A.can B.should C.might D.need 表示不太可能可用shouldn t(oughtn t to):There shouldn t(oughtnt to) be any difficulties.不该有任何困难。析：填 C。意思是 ” 将近七点了。杰克很可能随时会到。”另外，在近几年的 NMET 中，对情态动词及其它语法项目的考查均放到一定的语境中进行，要求考生利用所学英语各项基础知识进行初步的语言运用，而不再是单纯的语法知识题和短语题。这类试题往往通过题干的其他部分或附加句子提供某个信息，然后让考生根据这个信息进行合理推理，产生新的想法和认识。因此，在做这类题时，除要熟悉所考查的语法规则外， 还要认真分析句子的结构， 注意抓住关键词， 分析上下文的逻辑关系。不能单凭语法规则做题。巩固练习1.Michael _ be a policeman, for hes much too short. A. needt B. cant C. should D .may 2.Johnny,you _ play with the knife. You _hurt youself. A.wont,cant B.mustnt,may C.shouldnt,must D.cantt,shouldnt 3.Peter _ come with us tonight,but taken he isnt very sure yet.A.can B.may C.will D.must 4.Put on more clothes.You _ be taken feeling cold with only a shirt on. A.must B.can C.could D.would 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 12 页1 15.Its nearly seven oclock.Jack _ be here at any moment.A.must B.need C.should D.can 6.I didnt hear the phone.I _ asleep.A.must be B.must have been C.should be D.should have been 7.Jack _ yet,otherwise he would have telephoned me.A.mustnt have arrived B.shouldnt have arrived C.cant have arrived D.need not have arrived 8.-there were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. -It _ a comfortable journey.A.cant be B.shouldnt be C.mustnt have been D.couldnt have been 9.He _you more help,even though he was very busy.A.might have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give 10.Yesterday Jane waooked away from the discussion.Otherwise,she _ something the would regret later. A.had said B.said C.might say D.might have said 11.There was plenty of time.She _.A.mustnt have hurried B.neednt have hurried C.should have written it out D.couldnt have hurried 12.Tom ought not to _ me your secret,but be meant no harm.A.have told B.tell C.be telling D.havent told 13.I told Sally how to get there ,but perhaps I _ for her. A.had to wirte it out B.must have written it out C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out 14.If you had worked harder,you _. A.would succeed B.had succeeded C.should succeed D.would have succeeded 15.-If he _,he _that food. -luckily he wsa sent to the hospital immediately. A.was warned;would not take B.had been warrned;had not taken C.would be warned;had not taken D.would have been warned;had not taken 16.-I stayed at a hotel while in New York. -Oh,did you?You _ with Barbara. A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayed 17.Sorry Im late.I _ have turned off the alarm and gone back to sleep again. A.might B.should C.can D.will 18.-Shall I tell John about it? -No you _.Ive told him already. A.neednt B.wouldnt C.mustnt D.shouldnt 19.The new airoprt _ if they had not stopped working on it. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 12 页1 2A.would complete B.had been completed C.had completed D.would have been completed 20.I didnt see her in the meeting-room this morning.She _ at the meeting. A.mustnt have spoken B.shouldnt have spoken C.neednt have spoken D.couldnt have spoken 21.That young man has made so much noise that he _ not have been allowed to attend the concert.A.could B.must C.would D.should 22.Susan _ written a report like this. A.can have B.mustnt have D.cant have D.ought to not have 23.There wasd a lot of fun at yesterdays party.You _ come,but why didnt you? A.must have B.should C.need have D.ought to have 答案及难点解析 1.B 2.B mustnt 表示“ 禁止” ，may 表示“ 不可能 ” 3.B can表示“ 理论上的可能、 普遍性的可能、 当然的可能， 并非说话人主观认为可能，即并非猜测 ” ， 故不可选 A。 4.A 5.C at any moment/minute意为“ 随时，马上” 。 6.B 由句中的时态可知是在对过去的事件进行推测，故用情态动词 +have done。7.C 由 otherwise 一句可知说话人对Jack没有来持确定的态度。除所给答案外，A 也正确。 8.D 与 7 题相似，C也是正确的， 意为“ 肯定不舒服 ” 。 9.A may不可表示过去的事。10.D 11.B表示“ 当时本没必要那么匆忙 ” 。 12.A 13.C 14.D 15.B 16.A 二人相遇的可能性不大。 17.A18.A19.D对过去情况的虚拟假设，注意要用被动语态。20.D21.D22.C据常识可知是在对过去的事进行推测。 23.D精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 12 页