1 状语从句状语从句 用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1. 时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as 等连词来引导。例如：It was raining hard （rain hard 下大雨）when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along （沿着走）the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.(3)在带有 till 或 until 引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“ 一直到 时” ，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“ 直到 才” , “在 以前不 ” , 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：The young man read till the light went out （熄灭） . Let s wait until the rain stops.We won t start until Bob comes.Don t get off（从下来）until the bus stops. 【Till 是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而在那个时刻之后，该事情或状况仍将持续。Until是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候， 而讲话的人在自己心里认为，在那个时刻之后，该事情或该状况将中止（不怎么可能持续） 。固定组合里from morning till night，till/until是不能替换的， 】2. 条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless 引导。例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Don t leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won t be late unless he is ill.(3) “祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句 ” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or you ll be late.=If you don t hurry up, you ll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：He didn t come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not （不得；不应该）go the zoo. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页2 Since you can t answer the question, I ll ask someone else.(2)because表示直接原因， 语气最强。 Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由 why 提出的问题，只能用 because。As 和 since 语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和 since 引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：- Why aren t going there?- Because I don t want to.As he has no car, he can t get there easily.Since we have no money, we can t buy it.(3)because和 so 不能 同用在一个句子里。4. 结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由so that, such that, so that引导。例如：He is so poor that he can t buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her. My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn t see it.(2)so that语 such.that 可以互换。例如：在由 so.that 引导的结果状语从句中，so 是副词， 与形容词连用。 其结构是 : “.so + 形容词（副词） + that + 从句 ” 。例如：He was so glad that he couldn t say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people. Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever （几乎不，从来不）see her. 在由 suchthat 引导的结果状语从句中，such 是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a 或 an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything. He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling. （天花板）He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term. 有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again. =The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again. It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it. =The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it. (3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few 等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用 such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses. He has so little time that he can t go to the cinema（去看电影）with you. 5. 比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由asas, 比较级+ than等连词引导。例如：Tom runs faster than John does. This classroom is as big as that one. 6. 目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that（为了，以便）引导。例如：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页3 We started early so that we could catch the first train. He studies hard so that he could work better in the future. We used the computer in order that we might save time. (2)so that 既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might 等。2)从意思上看， 目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句) Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句 ) 7. 让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though 等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot. Although I am tired, I must go on working. (2)although(though) 不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说： Though it was raining hard, but he still went out. 应该说： Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或 It was raining hard, but he still went out. 8. 地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由where 来引导。例如：Go where you like. Where there is a will, there is a way.总结： 状语从句分类及常用连词：类别连词时间状语从句when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once （一旦）地点状语从句where, wherever 原因状语从句because, since, as, for, now that（既然，由于）etc. （ et cetera ，等于 and so on）目的状语从句in order that(为了，以便 ), so that, that, etc. 结果状语从句sothat, so that, suchthat, that, etc. 条件状语从句if, unless, as(so)long as, etc. 让步状语从句though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as, etc. 比较状语从句asas, so as, than, etc. 方式状语从句as, as if, as though, etc. 练习一一 . 单项填空1. _ he s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So 2. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us? -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be 3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and can t swim, the dolphins may come up _ him.A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping 4. I don t remember _ he worked in that city when he was young.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 8 页4 A. what B. which C. where D. who 5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 6. The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. don t; when C. not to; until D. not; after 7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because 8. I ll go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was 9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less 10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to play. A. before B. after C. when D. while 11. I hurried _ I wouldn t be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless 12. When you read the book, you d better make a mark _ you have any questions.A. which B. that C. where D. though 13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order 14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since 15. It is _ that we d like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day 16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very 17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if 18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment 20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing. A. will get B. get C. getting D. got 二 . 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。I am not angry with him, _ _ _ jokes he _ on me. 2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。Mrs Bruce was _ kind to her students _ they _ her _ their mother. 3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页5 Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ we try our best. 4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai. 5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano _ _ _ she has kept practicing for two years. 6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。_ _ _ _, she kept on learning English by herself. 7. 他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a journalist _ _ _ _. 8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。_ _ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school. 9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。_ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. 10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming di dn t come to school _ _ _ _.练习二1 The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there. A. because B. until C. why D. if 2 The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in. A. went not; until B. didnt go; after C. went; until D. didnt go; until 3 I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes. A. before B. until C. after D. when 4 He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday. A. didnt go; until; with B. wasnt go; after; to C. doesnt go; before; with D. didnt go; until; to 5 He _ back until the work _ done. A. isnt; will be B. isnt; is C. wont be; will be D. wont be; is 6 They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back. A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if 7. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai. A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to 8. Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing. A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves 9. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came 10. Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It _ by his father. A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought 11. When he got to the station, the train _. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 8 页6 A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left 12. The boy told his father what he _ in the street. A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see 13.We _ TV when the telephone _. A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are watching; rang 14.By the end of last term, I_ ten books. A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read D. finish read 15. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _? A. didnt see; did; go B. didnt see; have; goneC. havent seen; have; been D. havent seen; have; gone 16. Tom_ China for 3 years. A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at 17. I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket. A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt lose 18.-Hello! May I speak to Bob? -Sorry, but he _ for a month. A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away 19. I _ him since I began to live in the city. A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know 20.Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school for two years. A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying 21.Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill. A. because B. but C. until D. if 22 May I sit nearer_I can see more clearly? A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so 23 _ you work hard, you will certainly succeed. A. Though B. If C. Because D. For 24 _ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English. A. While B. When C. Since D. After 25 Id like to go swimming _ the water is not too cold. A. for B. unless C. if D. whether 26 There are _ many league members in class 2 _ in Class 4. A. both; and B. so; that C. either; or D. as; as 27. -Do you have a big library? -No, we dont. At least, not_yours. A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as 28. Suzhou is not _ beautiful _ Hangzhou. A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /; than 29. Iron is more useful _ any other metal. A. as B. than C. then D. so 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 8 页7 30. I want to know _ she is going to see a film. A. if B. that C. what D. which 31. You are sure to pass the exam _ you study hard. A. if B. thoughC. that D. since 32. Ill go to see the film with you_I have time this evening. A. whether B. so C. if D. when 33. _ you study harder, youll never pass the final exam. A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except 34. Although it was raining, still worked in the fields. A. but they B. and they C. they D. and yet they 35 _ there were only five soldiers left at the front, _ they went on fighting. A. Because; so B. If; and C. Though; but D. Though; / 36 _ she is very old, _ she can still work eight hours a day. A. Because; so B. Though; but C. As; yet D. Though; yet 37. Please answer the question in a loud enough voice _ all the class may hear. A. so, that B. or C. in order that D. and 38. Lift it up_I may see it. A. though B. so that C. as D. than 39. I hurried_I wouldnt be late for class. A. so B. so that C. if D. unless 40. We should go by bus _ we can get there earlier. A. as soon as B. where C. in order that D. as 41 The dictionary is so expensive _ I cant buy it. A. because B. when C. that D. if 42 I got there _ late _ I didnt see him. A. too; to B. such; that C. so; that D. so; as 43 It is _ hot in the room _ we have to go out for a walk. A. such; that B. so; that C. as; as D. such; as 44 He has_ an interesting book that we want to read it. A. so B. such C. the same D. as精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 8 页8 练习一答案一 . 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B 二 . 1. no matter what; plays 2.so; that; regarded; as 3. as long as 4. as long as 5. so much that 6. Though she was busy 7. when he grows up 8.Whether it s 9. If everyone makes a contribution 10. because he was ill 练习二参考答案：1-5B D B A D 6-10 A C D B D 11-15 B C B AC 16-20B B D B C 21-25A B B C C 26-30 D A B B A 31-35 A C C C D 36-40 D C B B C 41-44 C C B B 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 8 页