SECTION USING LANGUAGE,SUMMING UP & LEARNING TIP一二三四一、将下列单词与相对应的释义搭配起来AB1.productiona.tomakesomethingsmallerorlessinsize,amountorprice2.discoveryb.anopinionthatyouexpressaboutsomeoneorsomething3.reducec.thepartofaplantthatgrowsundertheground4.pest d.afactorthingthatsomeonefindsorlearnsaboutforthefirsttime5.root e.asmallanimalorinsectthatdestroyscropsorfoodsupplies6.commentf.theprocessofmakingorgrowingthings7.skimg.thetoplayeroftheearthinwhichplantsgrow8.soil h.toreadsomethingquicklytogetthemainidea答案:1.f2.d3.a4.e5.c6.b7.h8.g一二三四二、短语互译1.逐渐增强;建立;开发2.overthepasthalfcentury3.导致;造成(后果)4.washoff5.使免受(影响、伤害等);使不含(有害物)6.turnto7.集中(注意力、精力等)于8.everyfewyears9.阻止做某事10.freeofdiseasebuildup在过去的半个世纪里leadto清洗掉keep.freefrom/of转向focuson每隔几年prevent.fromdoingsth免受病害一二三四三、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空1.Thenewmodelwillbein(product)nextyear.2.Warmmilkistheidealbreedinggroundfor(bacterium).3.Abalanceddietcanprovide(nutrition)foodforourbody.4.Thecountrypossessesrich(mine)resources.5.Shewasshockedbythe(discover)thathehadbeenunfaithful.productionbacterianutritiousmineraldiscovery一二三四6.Whatsthemeaningofthe(underline)partofthesentence?7.Wearenowseeingatrendtowardsthe(reduce)ofexportsbyChina.8.Hegavea(sum)reportofthedaysevents.underlinedreductionsummary一二三四四、阅读课文CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?,回答下列问题1.Fromthepassage,wecanseeorganicfarmersarethosewho.A.growcropswithchemicalfertilizersB.growcropswithnaturalfertilizersC.produceorganicfertilizersD.carefortheenvironment答案:B一二三四2.Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowthat.A.itsnotgoodtoplantgrassbetweencropsB.peanutsusethesurfaceofsoilC.peasandsoybeansshouldbegrowntogetherwithcornandwheatD.vegetablesthatputdowndeeprootsareharmfultothesoil答案:B一二三四3.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNOTtheproblemcausedbychemicalfertilizer?A.Cropdiseasescanbestopped.B.Chemicalsstayinthegroundandundergroundwaterforalongtime.C.Thehelpfulbacteriaandpestsarekilledaswellastheharmfulone.D.Manyofthesefertilizersaredangeroustopeopleshealth.4.Howmanywaysdotheorganicfarmershavetokeeptheirsoilfertileandhealthy?A.3B.4C.5D.6答案:A答案:A6123451.Recently,however,scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and,even more dangerous,to peoples health.然而,最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损,甚至更危险的是,会对人们的健康造成危害。剖析:本句的时态为现在完成进行时,其构成为:have/has+been+doing。Theyhavebeenbuildingthebridgefortwomonths.两个月来他们一直在建桥。AlltheChinesehavebeenworkinghardtomakeourcountryricherandstronger.所有中国人一直都在努力工作,以使我们的国家更加富强。123456语法填空1)Tom(work)inthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths.2)Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms(produce)allovertheworld.3)MrBlacksaiditwasthetruth;,hewasmistaken.单句改错4)Whateverseriousaproblemyoumayhave,youshouldgatheryourcouragetofacethechallenge.hasbeenworkinghavebeenproducedhoweverWhateverHowever1234562.These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time.随着时间的推移,食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。考点buildup逐渐增强;建立;开发Manyalargebusinesshasbeenbuiltupfromsmallones.很多大企业都是从小规模发展起来的。Byparticipatinginthespeechcontest,hebuiltuphisconfidence.通过参加演讲比赛,他增强了自信。Ourcountryhasbuiltupherfinereputationintheworld.我们的国家在世界上已逐步赢得好的声誉。Hehasbuilt up agoodbusinessovertheyears.几年来他生意做得很兴旺。123456阅读下列句子,体会buildup的意义Thecloudsarebuildingup.云越聚越多。意义:积聚;积累WhentheSpringFestivaliscoming,trafficbuildsupalongtheroads.当春节到来时,路上的车辆越来越多。意义:变得更多TheareahasbeenbuiltupsinceIbegantolivehere.自从我住在这儿以来,这个地区已经盖满了房子。意义:建筑物遍布(某地区)123456完成句子1)锻炼可以增强我们的体质,保持头脑清醒。Takingexercisecanhelpusandkeepaclearmind.2)温室气体继续在大气中聚集。Greenhousegasescontinuetointheatmosphere.buildupourbodybuildup1234563.Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.很多化学成分能导致癌症或其他疾病。考点leadto导致;造成(后果)Whatonearthhasledtotheroadsbeingcrowded?到底是什么导致了这条公路的拥挤?Hiscarelessnessledtotheseriousconsequence.他的粗心造成了这个严重的后果。同义词(短语):resultin;cause;bringabout;contributeto123456阅读下列句子,体会lead的搭配及意义TheroadnearmyhouseleadstoBeijing.我家附近的那条路通向北京。搭配:leadto意义:通向Theteacherledinthenewlessonwithaninterestingstory.老师用一个有趣的故事导入新课。搭配:leadin意义:导入WehiredanIndiantoleadtheway.我们雇了一名印度人带路。搭配:leadtheway意义:带路123456Whatledyoutotakeupactingasacareer?是什么使你从事演艺事业的?搭配:leadsbtodo意义:引导某人做Whatledyoutothisconclusion?是什么使你得出这个结论的?搭配:leadsbtosth意义:使某人得出(观点),引导(某人)到Asanadvancedworker,youshouldtaketheleadineverything.作为先进工作者,你应事事起带头作用。123456用上述lead的短语填空1)TheearthquakeinJapanthetsunamiin2011.2)Withthelocalguide,wegottherewithoutanydifficulty.3)OurPartyisusbuildourcountry.4)Thereisapaththetopofthemountain.ledtoleadingthewayleadingtoleadingto单句改错5)Hiscarelessdrivingledtobekilledinthecaraccident.bebeing1234564.They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.他们主要是想保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。考点focuson集中(注意力、精力等)于Icantfocusmyattentiononstudywithsomuchnoiseoutside.外面噪音这么大,我不能把注意力集中在学习上。Thediscussionfocusedonthreemainproblems.讨论集中在三个主要问题上。归纳:focus(sth)on中focus既可以是及物动词,也可以是不及物动词。1234561)阅读下列句子,体会focus的词性、搭配及意义Theastronomerfocusedhistelescopeonthemoon.这位天文学家把望远镜对准月亮。词性:动词搭配:focus.on意义:把对准Todaywearegoingtofocusonthequestionofhomelesspeopleinourcity.今天,我们打算集中讨论我们市无家可归人群的问题。词性:动词搭配:focuson意义:集中(讨论研究)ThefocusofthischapteristheAmericanhistory.本章的重点是美国历史。词性:名词意义:重点123456Shealwayswantstobethefocusofattention.她老想成为关注的焦点。词性:名词搭配:thefocusofattention意义:焦点,关注的焦点2)focus常用短语归纳:infocus焦点对准outoffocus焦点没对准123456用focus的适当形式填空1)Publicattentionatthemomentisontheproblemsofindustrialrelations.2)onhisstudy,heaskedhisparentstoturndowntheTV.3)Withallhisinterestoncomputergames,hehadtodropoutofschoolatlast.focused/beingfocusedTofocusfocused123456单句改错4)Hefounditverydifficulttofocushisattentioninhistextbook.5)Whenaphotographisnotinthefocus,itisntclear.inon去掉the1234565.A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.健康的土壤可以减少病害,并且帮助农作物茁壮成长。考点reducevt.减少;缩减Thepriceoftheseshoeshasbeenreduced.这些鞋子的价格已经降了。Thenumberofthemiddleschoolstudentshasbeenreduced.中学生的数量已缩减了。1234561)反义词:increasev.增加2)派生词:reductionn.减少;削减;降低3)reduce相关短语归纳:reduceto降低到;落到某种境地;使(身体等)变得;化为,变成reduceby以(的比例、程度)减少bereducedto沦落为;陷入状态;被降职到123456Heisreducedalmosttoskinandbones.他几乎变得骨瘦如柴。Aftercarefulconsideration,thecompanydecidedtoreducethepriceby10percent.经过慎重考虑,该公司决定把价格降低10%。Becauseofunemployment,heisalmostreducedtostealing.由于失业,他几乎沦落到行窃的境地。123456单句改错1)Bytakingregularexerciseandreducingmeals,shehasreducedherweightto5kilograms.2)Thepoorboywasreducedtobegafterhisparentsdeath.3)Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandreducedtoruins,thecitytookonanewlook.tobybegbeggingreduced前加being1234566.This also keeps the air,soil,water and crops free from chemicals.这还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。考点keep.freefrom/of使免受(影响、伤害等);使不含(有害物)Weshouldusenewenergytokeepourenvironmentfreeofpollution.我们应当使用新能源,使我们的环境免受污染。Keep thesevegetablesfree from poison.使这些蔬菜不含有毒物质。归纳:keep.freefrom/of中的free为形容词,在句子中做宾语补足语。1234561)同义短语:protect/preserve/shelter.from/against保护免受伤害2)freefrom/of意为“无的”“免除的”“不受约束的”。如:Theylikelivinginavillage,freefrom/ofcrowdsandnoises.他们喜欢住在村子里,远离人群和喧闹。Shegottheticketfreeofcharge.她得到了这张免费票。1234563)阅读下列句子,体会keep的搭配及意义Pleasekeepaneyeonourbaby.请照看一下我们的婴儿。搭配:keepaneyeon意义:照看,密切注视Wekeptawayfromthebigdog.我们远离了那只大狗。搭配:keepawayfrom意义:远离Illkeepnothingbackfromyou.我什么也不隐瞒你。搭配:keepback意义:隐瞒123456Thepetcatkeepscompanywithhimeveryday.那只宠物猫每天和他在一起。搭配:keepcompanywithsb意义:和某人在一起Keepoffthegrass.勿踏草坪。搭配:keepoff意义:(使)避开Hedoeswhathecantokeepupwithhisclassmates.他尽他所能跟上他的同学们。搭配:keepupwithsb意义:跟上某人Hisillnesskepthimfromgoingtoschool.他的病让他不能去上学。搭配:keepsbfromdoingsth意义:阻止某人干某事123456用keep的短语填空1)Hemanagedtohistearsatthebadnews.2)Thisnewkindofchemicalswillhelpkeeptheair,soilandwaterpollution.3)Wouldyouslowdownabit,please?Icantyou.4)Heliquorandtobacco,whichcontributestohisgoodhealth.keepbackfreefromkeepupwithkeepsawayfrom123456单句改错5)Takethemedicine,anditwillkeepyoufreefromnotpain.6)Thebadweatherkeptthegoodsfromsendingtothefloodedarea.去掉notsendingbeingsent