08年中招复习专题 -词语运用（教案）词语运用词语运用旨在考查学生在语境中运用词汇的能力。一篇短文给出10 个空格，给学生提供 12个形式为原形单词， 让学生从中挑选10个单词并用它们的适当形式填空。 提供的词语以实词为主， 如名词、动词、代词、形容词、副词、数词等。名词有单数、复数和所有格;动词有各种时态和语态、不定式和动名词形式；形容词和副词有比较级和最高级形式；数词有基数和序数形式； 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词都有人称和数的变化。10 个小题，每题 1 分。题目叙述为：根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整。每空只能填写一个单词。同学们在做此类型题时， 首先应认真审题，看清题目要求， 分析所给词的含义。然后通读全文，在了解整篇短文的大意后，开始逐句逐空分析、做题。最后认真检查所填单词是否符合原文意思，并查看有无语法错误和拼写错误。例 1：tear come sing for hear good take one invite friendship her girl You may know the song Happy Birthday very well. But do you know who sang it 1 ? It was written by an American girl. And 2 now has become a very rich woman.When she was a child, she was poor. Once she was 3 to her friends birthday party. She was pleased but also sad because she had not enough money to buy a present for him. “The party will begin soon. Now I have little money.” 4 ran down her face. Late that night she was in bed, thinking about the present when the door opened and in 5 her grandma. “What happened ? ” her grandma asked. Hearing the 6 story, she said, “Dont worry. I think I can help you. How about 7 a song? Happy birthday to.” What a beautiful song! She sang and sang. Suddenly she woke up. It was a dream! She decided to write it down at once and sing it to her friend at the party. When she sang the song at the party the next day, her friend was very happy. “How 8 you sang! It is the most beautiful song that I have ever 9 before! Thank you 10 giving me the special present!” he said. And they learned to sing it together. Later the girl became well-known in America. 1. first 2.she 3. invited 4. Tears 5.came 6. girls 7. singing 8. well 9. heard 10. for 例 1 中，我们根据文章内容， 分别使用了所给词的相关形式，如名词的复数形精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页式（tear-Tears ）和所有格形式（ girlgirl s） ；动词的过去式（ come-came ） 、动名词（ sing-singing） 、过去分词（inviteinvited 表示被动 ,hearheard 表示现在完成时） ；代词的宾 /主格（her-she ） ；基数词和序数词（ one-first） ；形容词变副词（ good-well） ；介词原形（ for） 。要把握“ 每空一词 ” 这一关键要求，根据上下文对所给词展开相关形式的发散思维，抓住文中重要信息，完成答案。下面看例 2：短文填空。从下面方框中选出10 个单词。用它们的适当形式填入短文空格内，使短文意思正确、通顺（每词限用一次）。 （2007 成都）dream either get good happy you many real sad see too woman I used to watch a litle girl playing basketball every day from my kitchen window. One day I asked her why she practiced so 1_. She said, “I want to go to college.The only way I can go is 2_a scholarship(奖学金 ).I like basketball and I want to be the 3_player in college. My dad told me, If the dream is big enough, the facts don t count.”She never changed her mind. I watched her through those junior high years and into senior high school. One day before she graduated from high school, I saw her sitting on the grass 4_. I asked her what was wrong. She told me that her coach said she was too short to be a basketball player, so she should stop 5_ about going to college. She was heartbroken and it made me feel bad 6_. Then she smailed and told me her father said that coach was wrong.He didn t understand the power(力量) of dream. Her father said to her, “If you 7_ want to play for the scholarship of a good college, nothing but you 8_ can stop your dream.”He told her again, “If the dream is big enough, the facts don t count.” The next year, she and her team went to a big game. She 9_ by a coach of a famous college team and was offered a scholarship to the 10_ basketball team of their college. She was to get the college education that she had dreamed of and worked toward for all those years. If the dream is big enough, the facts don t count. It is true. 1.much 2.to get 3.best 4. sadly 5.dreaming 6. too 7.really 8. yourself 9.was seen 10. womens 例 2 与例 1 的题目要求不同，不是 “ 每空一词 ” ，而是“ 每词限用一次 ” ，也就是说，根据文章需要，可以适当添加助动词等。另外，本题也用了所给单词的不同形式。 如： 名词的所有格（womanwomen s） ； 动词被动语态（see was seen ） 、动 名 词 （ dream-dreaming） 、 动 词 不 定 式 （ getto get） ； 代 词 的 变 化精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页（youyourself, many-much） ；形容词变副词（ realreally, sad-sadly ） 、形容词的等级（ good-best） ；副词原形（ too-too） 。例 3：阅读以下短文， 从方框中选择单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、 通顺，并把答案填在题后的横线上。 每空一词，每词只能用一次。 （2007 玉林市）请同学们认真读题，记住题目要求，细心答题！one safety close many surprise loud see fall monkey die Just before Christmas in 1971,a German girl called Juliana was flying over a big forest of the Untied States. The plane was flying high in the sky. Suddenly, there was a 1_noise. Juliana found herself falling through the air. She 2_her eyes. She was sure that she was going to die. She 3_ 3,000 meters. When she opened her eyes again, she found that she had landed in a tree in the middle of the forest. She was not 4_! She was 5_.She was not only alive, but she wasnt even badly hurt. She was still sitting in her seat. She was holding a bag of sweets.She got out of the seat, and the tree. But she could see nobody else. She began to walk. At 6_ she had nothing to eat except the sweets. Later she found a little fruit. She had never 7_ this kind of fruit before. She found 8_ eating it. So she ate it,too. After four days, she came to a deep river. She walked by the side of the river for six 9_ days and at last arrived at an Indian village. It took her ten days to get there. She was 10_. And she was so lucky. 1.loud 2. closed 3. fell 4. dead 5. surprised 6. first 7. seen 8. monkeys 9. more 10 safe 分析：本题集前两题的要求于一体，即“ 每空一词，每词只能用一次” ，而且只给了 10 个单词，干扰少一些，相对容易一点。答案中包含了以下几种词形变化：名词单 /复数（monkey-monkeys） ；动词过去式（ closeclosed, fall-fell）,过去分词（ see-seen ）,动词/名词变形容词（ diedead, surprisesurprised，safety-safe ）; 形容词的等级（ many-more）;副词（ loudloud） ；基数词变序数词（ one-first） 。例 4 rain funny it loud time hike comfortable wait invite wear 1. Look! The girl is _a beautiful dress. 2. What a funny day today! Shall we go _? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页3. It is said that there will be _ in our city tonight. 4. The comedy cartoon is one of the _ movies in the world. 5. Did you get her _ to the party? Yes, I did. 6. Helen had a bad cough. The doctor told her to take the medicine three _ a day after meals and two teaspoonfuls each time. 7. The chair is too small for the man, so he feels _. 8. Please speak _so that we can hear you clearly. 9. The _ work in this restaurant. 10. I like Hollywood movies. I like _ a lot. 1. wearing 2. hiking 3. rain 4.funnist 5. invitation 6. times 7. uncomfortable 8. aloud / loudly /louder 9. waiters / waitresses 10. them 例 5 短文填空 (从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，并把字母序号写在横线上。其中有两个选项是多余的) （2007 吉林) A. when B. month C. newspaper D. spent E. school F. one G. won H. past I. paid J. weather K. saving L. because Bill was a thirteen-year-old school boy in the seventh grade. He was also a 1_boy. Each morning, Bill left the house at a quarter 2_five to go to the corner. The newspapers had been sent to the corner by truck at midnight. He always rode a bike to carry them. In the winter it was dark 3_he got up, but during the rest of the year it was bright. Bill had to send the newspapers to the houses in all kinds of 4_. Bill had to put each paper in the box where it would be kept safe from wind and rain or snow. Once a 5_ he had to collect money from his customers(订户) at night. Bill made about $70 each month,and he was 6_some of the money to go to college. He 7_ the rest on books and clothes. At 8_ Bill studied hard. He was 9_ of the top students in his class. His teacher often praised him for his hard work. Last year he 10_ a prize. It was a bicycle. 1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_ 7_ 8_ 9_ 10_ 1.C 2.H 3.A 4.J 5.B 6.K 7.D 8.E 9.F 10.G例 6 ：阅读下面的短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。请将答案填写在文后相应的横线上。（2007 潍坊）Once upon a time, some children 1_(fish) at seaside when they caught a turtle. They beat it with stones. Just at that time, a young man came up and 2_ (drive) them away. The turtle was very thankful and said, “ Thanks for your kindness. I would like to invite you to a fantatic place.” The young man rode on the 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页turtle s back and 3_(take) to a secret palace in the sea. When he reached the palace, he was amazed at the sightseeing. “ What a nice palace! ” 4_ (thank) him, the king of the turtles gave him a very big dinner. He 5_(not eat)so much delicious food before. He was pleased with everything. After dinner, the king said, ”I am going to give you two boxes, but you mustn t open both. Do 6_(remember) it! ” The young man promised that he 7_(open) only one.Just then, a large wave sent him out of the sea.After 8_(go) back home, he opened the bigger box. To his surprise, the box was full of gold 9_(shine) brightly. “My God! I m rich now!”Then he thought, “There must 10_(be) something more expensive in the other box. ” He broke his promise and opened it. Suddenly he became an old man who was over 80 years old. He was so sorry for want he did, but it was too late. 1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_ 7_ 8_9_ 10_ 答案：1. were fishing 2 drove 3 was taken 4 To thank 5 hadn t eaten 6 remember 7 would /was going to open 8 going 9 shining 10 be 例 7 从方框中选出正确单词，并用其适当的形式填空。(2007 西宁) come , surprise , with , receive , parent One day it was very hot. Lin Tao went into the room and asked his mother to fill a cup 1_ water. He took the cup of water and went out. His father who was reading saw his son 2_ to him. He was very happy and was ready to 3_it, but LIn Tao went out. He father was 4_. He didnt know why Lin Tao took the water out. When the 5_ went to the gate, they saw their son giving the cup of water to an old man. 1 with 2. coming 3. receive 4. surprised 5. parents 例 8 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每个单词只能使用一次。difficult tall life recover reach Bao Xishan, a 2.36-meter-tall man who is listed by Guinness World Records as the 1_ living man in the world,has saved the 2_ of two dying dolphins by reaching deep into their stomachs to pull out pieces of plactic. Recently, at an aquarium( 水族馆 ) in Fushun, Liaoning Province, the tall man was asked for help when doctors failed to remove the plastic because the pieces of 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页plastic were 3_ to catch. The arms of ordinary people were too short 4_ the stomachs. Some men held the dolphins down while Bao put his 1.06-meter-long arm down their throats to take the plastic out. The dolphins are now 5_ well. 1.tallest 2. lives 3. difficult 4. to reach 5. recovering 例 9 词形、词类转换根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。有的需要加助动词或动词不定式符号。 （2007 济南）1. There are a lot of new _ (factory) in our city. 2. Look at the sun. It always shines _(bright) at this time of year. 3. Look! The people in the river _(swim). 4. Miss Smith put the new dress on, and looked at _(she) in the mirror. 5. Liu Zhong is in his _(three) year at No.1 Middle School. 6. The teacher asked her students _(not forget) to sweep the floor. 7. I think the dictionary is _ (help) to your study. 8. Don t open your books. Please keep them _(close). 9. There _(be) great changes in our country since 1979. 10. If anyone is ill here, the doctor must _(send) for. 1.factories 2.brightly 3. are swimming 4. herself 5. third 6. not to forget 7.helpful 8. closed 9. have been 10. be sent 例 10 用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。（每词限用一次）（2007 哈尔滨）know they way two lucky Reading is the bridge to language learning success, but it s hard for us to read as much as we need. 1_, both teachers and students are thinking more about reading now. It is well 2_ that reading is one of the most important 3 _ of information input(输入), especially for the students who learn English as the 4_ or a foreign language. Langusge learning without enough reading can t meet the need for one s study. Only by reading more, can students think in a better way, and improve 5_ in listening, speaking and writing. So if you want to learn English well, please do more reading and remember “ More input brings more output(输出)” . 1.Luckily 2. known 3. ways 4. second 5. themselves 例 11 阅读下面短文，写出括号中所给单词的正确形式，使短文意思完整。（2007 山西）My mother is very kind and easygoing. She helps me a lot. I 1_(take) good care of in my daily life by her. When I m in trouble, she always 2_(encourage)me to face my difficulties. I still remember that once I 3_ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页(argue) with my best friend. My mother talked with me the whole night and finally helped me solve the problem. With her help, I 4_(become) a top student in my class already. I believe she 5_(be) proud of me in the near future. 1. am taken 2. encourages 3. argued 4. have become 5. will be 例 12 根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。（2007 南京）1. Children should speak to old people _ (polite). 2. Tree-planting Day is on the _(twelve) of March every year. 3. David took a lot of _ (photo) in Mochou Lake Park last weekend. 4. The time is too short. It s _(possible) for Danjel to finish this work. 5. Stephen spends about half an hour _(swim) every Saturday afternoon. 1. politely 2. twelfth 3. photos 4. impossible 5. swimming 例 13 根据对话内容，从方框中选择适当的单词或词组填空，使对话内容完整正确。 （2007 南京）friends same have a good time on the Internet say goodbye to Millie: Ill miss you very much, Peter! Peter: Oh, I feel just the 1_.We ve been here for three years. I ll miss my teachers and classmates, too. Millie: Yes, I feel really sorry to have to 2_ you and all our other old friends. Peter: But well make new 3_! We may not see each other so often, but we can get together in summer holidays. Millie: Yes, we can 4_ then. Peter: And we can chat with each other 5_. Millie: Good idea! I hope we ll be good friends for ever. Peter: Of course! 1. same 2. say goodbye to 3. friends 4. have a good time 5. on the Internet 例 14 about be read I woman to will Africa interest work pay go Now its 1_ turn to say something about what I m 2_ to do in the future. Im going to work in Africa next year. Ill teach English in a village sachool in Zimbabwe. Its in the south of Africa. In that part of Africa, old people and 3_ were not able to go to school. But they want their children to go to school. They want their children to learn 4_ the world. They tell me that I 5_ get 6_ very much but I don t mind. Im not 7_ in being a rich 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页man. I just want to do something. I just want to help people who 8_ not as lucky as me.Also, I want to learn something about 9_ people and that land. When I come back home again, Im going to get a job as a nurse or a teacher. I 10_ want to get a job so I can work with children. 1.my 2. going 3. women 4. about 5. wont 6. paid 7. interested 8. are 9. African 10. really 例 15 Where, call, which, much, as, good, help, excite, they , woman, chance, forOn Feburary 25 every year, actors, directors and other filmmakers will come to Hollywood, California. They will receive Academy Awards( 奥斯卡金像), a statue shaped like a man, 1_ is only about 34 cm tall. The statue is 2_ an Oscar. People who win an Oscar can become much more famous. They can get 3_ to work in the 4_ movies. They can also earn 5_ more money. That day, the Academy Awards go to the winners in Kodak Theater in Hollyhood. Thousands of people wait outside the theater. They watch the famous movie stars 6_ they arrive. The 7_ stars wear beautiful and expensive dresses. Camera lights flash. The actors and actresses smile for the cameras. The fans call their names at the top of their voices 8_. During the Academy Awards ceremony(仪 式), famous actors and actress read the names of the nominees( 被提名人 ) and the winners. Then the winners go up onto the stage. They thank all the people who have 9_ them win their golden Oscars. Millions of people will watch 10_ on TV.Keys: 例 16 lie it million great for wise baker set by gress fire begin Who doesnt love sitting beside a warm fire on a cold winter night? Fire is one of mans 1_ friends, but also one of his greatest enemies. Many big fires are caused 2_ carelessness. A lighted cigarette thrown out of a car or train window, or a broken bottle 3_ on dry grass can start a fire. Sometimes, though, a fire can start on 4_ own. Wet grass can begin burning by itself. This is how it happens: the grass starts to rot(腐烂) and 5_ to give off heat which is kept inside it; finally, it suddenly begins to burn. That s why farmers cut and store their grass when it s dry. Fires have badly damaged( 破坏) whole cities. In the 17th century, a small fire which began in a 6_ shop burnt down nearly 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页every building in London. Moscow was 7_ on fire during the war against Napoleon. The fire lasted 8_ seven days. Even today, although we ve got many fire-fighting tools. Fire causes 9_ of pounds worth of damage each year both in our cities and in the countryside. It has been 10_ said that fire is a good servant but a bad master. 1.greatest 2. by 3.lying 4. its 5. begins 6. bakers 7. set 8. for 9. millions 10. wisely 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页